秦岭杂岩中变质侵入体特征

通过凤(县)—太(白)地区1∶250000地质填图,从秦岭杂岩中解体划分出变质侵入体,命名为两河口岩体。锆石同位素年龄为851.8±1.9Ma。据岩体岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学特征,北秦岭造山带沿商丹一线(西部)存在晋宁期大陆弧型花岗岩。并可与东秦岭地区蔡凹岩体、德河岩体等对比。两河口岩体的确立,对晋宁运动的存在、运动性质及Rodinia超大陆的拼接形成提供了新的证据。     

密云杂岩西段等压冷却P－T－t轨迹确定及地球动力学成因

非平衡结构代表的变质反应性质和多种矿物地质温压计的研究表明，北京太古宙密云杂岩西段第二期区域变质作用的退变质Ｐ－Ｔ轨迹具等压冷却特点。Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素定年显示，区内广泛发育的石榴石冠状体形成于（１７１７±３４）Ｍａ。初步分析认为，Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹的地球动力学成因可与吕梁运动期间华北地台裂谷作用和同构造壳下岩浆增生的演化背景相联系。     

大同─集宁地区太古代变质杂岩的构造变形特征

大同－集宁地区太古代变质杂岩由葛胡窑灰色片麻岩系和丰镇群孔兹岩系两部分组成。根据普遍的构造交切关系及构造样式的有规律性变化，将大同－集宁地区太古代变质杂岩划分成４个构造变形序列，Ｄ－１变形仅仅在灰色片麻岩系中有发育，Ｄ＿（２－４）变形在两套岩系中均有发育，其中Ｄ＿（２－３）变形是区域性控制构造。同时对葛胡窑灰色片麻岩系和丰镇群孔兹岩系中褶皱的产状类型，褶皱的几何形态以及线理进行了系统的分析对比。两套岩系之间，在上述各方面的特征存在着系统的差异。反映了两套岩系具有不同的构造物理环境和变形演化历史。进一步证实了两套岩系之间存在着不整合接触关系。     

黔西南水银洞金矿床矿体数学特征及其勘查意义

水银洞金矿床是黔西南地区著名的特大型微细浸染型金矿床.对矿石品位统计分布特征的分析表明,水银洞金矿床为多次成矿作用叠加的产物.通过矿石品位进行混合总体筛分获得两个单一总体,分别对应两次成矿作用,即沉积成岩期的金预富集和构造-热液期的叠加成矿,其中后者成矿强度大但不均匀,前者成矿强度小但较均匀.对矿体自相关特征的变异函数模拟结果表明,对该矿床进行勘探时可采用沿矿体走向和倾向方向布置的矩形勘探网,提出今后矿山和外围的勘探可以使用比目前网矩更宽的网距,即75 m×190 m网距来控制矿体,这将大大降低勘探成本.矿石品位的趋势面分析结果表明,随着标高的降低,即往深部方向矿石品位的平均值和变化系数均呈现明显的下降趋势,说明往深部矿化强度减小,而矿化变得较均匀.结合矿区目前的勘探情况和趋势面分析结果,认为灰家堡背斜的北翼是矿区及其外围进一步找矿的重点区域.     

四川杨柳坪低品位镍矿工艺矿物学特征

四川杨柳坪镍矿石属于低品位镍矿资源,其矿石中镍的品位为0.45%,主要以硫化物形式存在(磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿)。镍黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿中镍的占有率在90%以上。主要矿物的工艺嵌布粒度统计分析表明,在较细粒级0.040 mm以下粒级及0.020 mm以下级分别有10%~15%及3.5%~5.5%的含量分布,因此选矿分选过程中,将有部分嵌布粒度较细的硫化物矿物难于解离,由于硫化物的磨矿解离度不高,且主要的硫化物彼此间的连体较多,选矿采用以磁黄铁矿为主的硫化物集合体作为回收单位较为适宜。此外,研究区硫化物矿物的物性较脆,磨矿过程中应防止其过粉碎。     

盖州地区吕梁旋回构造特征

盖州地区分布早元古代辽河群变质岩系,其中大面积为盖县岩组变质岩。变质岩系构造线总体呈NNW—SEE展布,主要构造线方向与岩层总体走向基本一致。辽河群变质年龄为2 000～1 900 Ma.。通过调查、分析研究,初步确状认辽河群变质岩系在吕梁期经历了三幕变形作用的改造。第一幕为伸展机制下顺层剪切变形作用;第二幕为收缩机制下挤压变形作用;第三幕为第二幕的延续。     

鲁西台上铁矿床地质特征及矿床成因

台上铁矿床位于鲁西蒙阴县境内,为磁铁石英角闪岩型低品位铁矿床,成因上属沉积变质型铁矿床。矿体以条带状、透镜状为主;矿体规模较小,厚度、品位变化较大;主要矿石矿物为磁铁矿,其次为赤铁矿及褐铁矿,并可见少量黄铁矿;矿石主要呈细粒变晶结构,条带状及浸染状构造;矿石自然类型属需选贫铁矿矿石。矿体属泰山岩群雁翎关组的组成部分,与泰山岩群的形成与演化过程一致,在新太古代泰山岩群雁翎关组地层与岩浆岩接触带附近具较好的成矿远景。     

高温变泥质岩石中石榴石-黑云母地质温度计的应用——以胶北荆山群富铝岩石为例

在对胶北荆山群麻粒岩相富铝岩石中石榴石、黑云母的成分环带进行深入研究基础上,选取不同粒径、与不同矿物相邻的石榴石、黑云母各微区点成分,利用石榴石-黑云母温度计分别进行了温度估算。确定在黑云母含量较高的岩石(V_(Grt)/V_(Bt)≤1)中,利用大颗粒石榴石(d≥1500μm)晶体核部(或靠近长英质矿物一侧的晶体幔部)成分与基质中远离石榴石等镁铁矿物处于长英质矿物之间的黑云母核部成分配合。通过石榴石-黑云母温度计可以获得相当可信的变质峰期温度。但是对于黑云母含量极低的岩石(V_(Grt)/V_(Bt)≥6),由于黑云母的成分普遍遭到了强烈改造。使得温度估算结果异常偏低,因此不适合采用石榴石-黑云母温度计估算峰期温度。同一岩石中,采用不同的相邻石榴石-黑云母矿物对晶体边缘成分获得的温度值差异较大,反映它们在峰期后发生Fe-Mg交换反应并达到封闭温度平衡状态的程度不同,因此利用石榴石-黑云母温度计难以获得准确的封闭温度。通过热力学计算,建立了一个新的石榴石-黑云母温度计公式。确定胶北荆山群所经历的变质峰期温度为720～770℃,峰期后最低相对封闭温度为480～500℃。     

内蒙古北部早元古代变质岩系的发现及其岩石学研究

笔者参加内蒙区调工作，首次于本区发现了早元古代变质岩系。该岩系由３个岩组组成，一是花敖包特正变质岩组（Ｐｔ１ｂｈ），二是昌特敖包副变质岩组（Ｐｔ１ｂｃ），三是阿木乌苏条带状混合岩组（Ｐｔ１ｂａ）。对各岩组的岩石学、矿物学及岩石化学的研究，表明这是一套深变质岩系，近似于下地壳岩石组合。其Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线测年资料与印支期花岗岩源区年龄为１７～１９亿ａ，是目前本区发现的最古老的变质岩系，它经历了大面积混合岩化和花岗岩化作用。     

The Nigerian manganese-rich iron-formations and their host rocks—from sedimentation to metamorphism

This investigation deals with the Nigerian iron-formations and their host rocks and is based on about 560 mineral analyses (electron-microprobe) and 93 whole-rock analyses (64 iron-formations and 29 host rocks). The manganese-rich and Al-bearing iron-formations occurring in various schist belts of the northern and southern part of West-Nigeria consist of the magnetite-free silicate, the magnetite–silicate and the quartz-rich hematite facies.Iron-formations and host rocks originated from submarine-volcanogenic exhalations enriched in Fe, Mn and CO₂ and from Al₂O₃, SiO₂ and alkali (K₂O and Na₂O)-rich continental-derived pelitic to psammitic material. From these sources and their interaction and controlled by the volcanogenic activity, differently composed protoliths were deposited in the marine basin during the Birimian time. Subsequent metamorphism of greenschist to low amphibolite facies conditions during the Eburnian time led to the formation of the metaprotoliths of the magnetite–silicate (consisting of predominantly magnetite and quartz and subordinate of garnet and amphibole), the silicate facies (consisting of garnet, amphibole and rarely Mn-bearing ilmenite and quartz) and the metasediment phyllite. Garnets are predominantly almandine–spessartine solid solutions, whereas amphiboles are Mn and Ca-bearing grunerite–cummingtonite solid solutions. In the course of a second tectono-metamorphic event of Pan-African age, the magnetite–silicate facies iron-formation/phyllite association was transformed into the hematite facies and muscovite/biotite schists, whereas the silicate facies is characterized by extensive silicification features. The hematite facies and the silicified silicate facies are restricted to southern Nigeria where the second and heterogeneous tectono-metamorphic event is more pronounced (amphibolite facies conditions) than in northern Nigeria.The genesis, summarized as the metamorphic model, shows that the carbonate-rich (siderite, rhodochrosite and subordinate magnesite and calcite) protoliths were metamorphically transformed into the silicate and magnetite–silicate facies. The separation of Mn and Fe, leading to manganese-bearing iron-formations and iron-bearing manganese-formations was explained by varying pH-conditions, under which siderite (pH: 6.8–9.4) and rhodochrosite (pH: 9–11) precipitated.Similar to the Gunfit and Biwabik iron-formations of Minnesota, USA, the iron-formation of Bingi (Maru schist belt), now present in the form of the fayalite bearing silicate facies, was overprinted by contact metamorphism caused by a gabbro intrusion.