Multi-stage pseudomorphic replacement of garnet during polymetamorphism: 2. Algebraic analysis of mineral assemblages

Chemical relationships among four metapelites have been studied by investigation of mineral and bulk chemistry data and by singular value decomposition analysis of single and composite assemblage matrices. Bulk rock compositions cluster close together in an AFM diagram, all within the intersection space defined by the four sample assemblages. The similarity of bulk compositions normalized on a silica-free, anhydrous basis indicates that sample chemistries differ mainly as a result of inhomogeneous distribution of quartz layers. The existence of mass balance relationships among samples indicates that assemblages also overlap in the Si–Ti–Al–Fe–Mg–Mn–Ca–Na–K multisystem. Analysis of single and composite matrices helps in defining possible mass balances linking sample mineral facies to one another during progressive contact metamorphism. The assemblage in sample A can form as the result of the model reaction 5.000  Ky+0.269 Grt+0.965 Bt+0.314 Pl=0.049 Ilm+1.115 Ms+0.849 Chl+0.306 St and react to assemblage B via reaction 0.97 Chl+0.52 Grt+0.66 Ms+0.14 Ilm+1.26  Ky=0.42 St+0.63 Bt+0.22 Pl coupled with the Ky→And transition. Assemblage B can transform into C by initial progress of Ky+Ilm+Chl+Grt+Ms=And+St+Bt+Pl followed by 0.142 Ilm+0.175 St+1.089 Chl+1.533 Ms+0.003 Grt=5.000 And+1.266 Bt+0.551 Pl Matrix analysis cannot satisfactorily model the C–D transition, because it predicts a net production of staurolite, which is in disagreement with petrographic evidence. All mass balances in the C–D composite matrix indicate net consumption of muscovite; this is integrated with the contrasting evidence of prograde pseudomorphs of muscovite after staurolite, observed in the nodules of sample D, within a model involving the progress of ionic reaction cycles.     

赣中变质岩带的Sm—Nd,Rb—Sr同位素年代研究

赣中变质岩带主要由斜长(云母)变粒岩、十字石榴云母片岩、云母石英片岩夹斜长角闪岩组成。斜长角闪岩Sm-Nd全岩等时线年龄为1113±19Ma,相当于该变质岩带的原岩形成年龄。ε_(Nd)(t)值为2.4±0.1,说明岩浆起源于亏损程度较低的地幔源区:726.6±1.1Ma、403.1±6.4Ma的Rb-Sr等时线年龄表明赣中地区在新元古代末期、加里东期经历了一次强烈的构造变质热作用,其地质、地球化学特征及时代可与浙闽地区陈蔡群、建瓯群进行对比。因此赣中变质岩带并非长期公认的华南加里东褶皱带,应是华夏地块的一部分,这一事实对华南大地构造单元的划分及构造演化具有重要意义。     

相山铀矿田磷灰石与富矿形成的关系

本文系统研究了相山火山热液型铀矿田磷灰石与富铀矿床形成之间的关系。研究表明：该区富矿石中铀含量与五氧化二磷含量呈正相关关系;电子探针揭示富铀矿体中铀矿物周围有大量磷灰石存在,磷灰石在富铀矿石中以两种形式产出：一种是结晶自纯的晶体磷灰石;另一种是胶体磷灰石,后者与铀矿化关系密切。笔者在调研了磷、铀地球化学性质相似性及磷灰石沉淀的物理化学条件的基础上提出：胶体共沉淀是导致本区富铀矿形成的主要原因。     

基于神经网络的煤与瓦斯突出矿井等级划分方法

针对我国煤炭行业中对突出矿井同一定级, 实施同一安全管理的现象, 从分析工作系统的灾害模型出发, 给出了突出矿井等级划分的评价指标体系, 应用灰色系统和证据理论的方法给出了神经网络训练的样本。在此基础上, 提出了危险信度的概念, 用以衡量突出矿井危险程度, 编制了神经网络, 并对其进行训练。应用训练好的神经网络, 对淮南矿区的几个突出矿井进行了工程验证。该方法对建立健全我国突出矿井的划分方法及评价标准具有一定指导意义。      

Progressive changes in lithological association of the Sanbagawa metamorphic complex,Southwest Japan: Relict clinopyroxene and detrital zircon perspectives

The main tectono‐stratigraphic unit (Shirataki unit) of the Sanbagawa metamorphic complex in central Shikoku is characterized by abundant mafic schist layers that show the mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) affinity. These MORB‐derived schist layers are absent in a southern (structurally lower) domain within the unit. Instead, sporadic occurrences of small metabasite lenses that contain relict igneous minerals (Ti‐rich augite and kaersutite) indicative of alkali basalt magmatism are newly recognized in the southern domain. Compositions of relict clinopyroxene in metabasalt are useful to identify the tectonic setting and origin of the protolith basalt, and those in each unit of the Sanbagawa metamorphic complex are presented. The metamorphic grade of the Shirataki unit generally increases structurally upwards in the southern side of the highest‐grade zone, and metamorphic zonation is subparallel to lithostratigraphic succession. The protolith assemblage of the Shirataki unit shows a distinct change from the southern low‐grade domain (lower Shirataki subunit) composed of terrigenous sedimentary rocks (mudstone and sandstone) with minor alkali basalt to the northern higher‐grade domain (upper Shirataki subunit) consisting of terrigenous and pelagic sedimentary rocks with abundant MORB. The youngest detrital zircon U–Pb ages (ca 95–90 Ma) suggest that both domains have Late Cretaceous depositional ages at the trench. Progressive peeling of oceanic plate stratigraphy during subduction can account for the observed change of lithological association in the Shirataki unit.     

Geochemistry and tectonic environment of amphiholites of the Zanhuang metamorphic complex北大核心

Amphibolites, one of the kinds of Precambrian basement rocks, are exposed in the south-middle Zanhuang Metamorphic Complex, central-south segment of the Trans-North China Orogen. These metamorphic rocks were carefully studied through field investigations and petrographical and geochemical analyses. It was found that protoliths of the Zanhuang amphibolites are calc-alkaline and tholeiitic rocks with a large range of ΣREE (41.38 × 10-6 -232.55 × 10-5 ) and weak LREE enrichment. The multi-element variation results showed that K, Rb and Ba were relatively concentrated, Nb and Ta were of evident depletion while Ti was of weak depletion. Geochemical characteristics and various relevant geochemical discrimination diagrams showed that the Zanhuang amphibolites were formed in volcanic arcs of continental margin similar to the current continental margin, which was resulted from the subduction between the Western Block and the Eastern Block.     

模糊地理实体不确定性综合描述研究

从二型模糊的角度讨论了模糊地理实体的不确定性,基于空间数据的位置误差,利用模糊集的λ-截集和圆误差带模型推导了模糊地理实体隶属度的误差模型,并给出了隶属度不确定性的度量方法,提出了用隶属度误差立方体来综合描述模糊点的不确定性。     

扬子陆块~2.0 Ga的区域变质事件对南北黄陵古元古代差异演化的启示

扬子陆核黄陵地区发育较为完整的太古宙—古元古代片麻岩、表壳岩组合(即崆岭杂岩),前人调查研究认为南北黄陵Ar-Pt1具有一致的物质组成和地质演化过程。笔者分别对南北黄陵太古宙花岗质片麻岩进行锆石年代学研究发现,北黄陵2件样品(HL013-1、HL013-2)均存在大量锆石发育岩浆核-变质边结构,都获得～2.8 Ga原岩结晶年龄和～2.0 Ga变质年龄;而南黄陵1件样品(HL005-3)以具振荡环带结构的岩浆锆石为主,仅获得～2.9 Ga原岩结晶年龄。结合前人研究成果发现,～2.0 Ga的变质年龄在北黄陵太古宙—古元古代的花岗片麻岩、表壳岩中广泛发育,而在南黄陵相似建造中均未获得,一定程度上说明北黄陵地区广泛遭受～2.0 Ga的区域变质作用而南黄陵不发育,南北黄陵在古元古代可能处在不同地块或者同一地块不同部位。2.1～1.6 Ga的构造岩浆事件的分布特点说明扬子陆块可能存在多条古元古代造山带,扬子陆块古元古代以多块体拼贴为特点,广泛记录2.1～1.6 Ga的构造岩浆事件说明扬子陆块是全球哥伦比亚超大陆的重要组成部分。     

辽南庄河地区栗子房变质核杂岩的发现及意义

在区域地质调查资料基础上,根据宏观与微观构造测量,通过分析区域岩浆活动性及其测年资料等,揭示了在辽南庄河栗子房地区存在另一个变质核杂岩构造,即栗子房变质核杂岩。该核杂岩具有3层结构和5个部分,即由新太古代变质深成岩及中生代花岗岩侵入体构成的下盘、由不同层次的构造岩组成的中部拆离断层带以及由前寒武纪沉积盖层和白垩纪伸展盆地构成的上盘。栗子房变质核杂岩形成于早白垩世,运动方向为上盘相对下盘由NWW向SEE方向运动,与辽南金州变质核杂岩和万福变质核杂岩在几何学、运动学极性和形成时间等方面具有很多相似性,形成于同一动力学背景。该变质核杂岩的厘定可为阐明华北克拉通东部晚中生代岩石圈减薄过程及岩石圈的力学和流变学属性提供依据。同时,变质核杂岩与金矿床成矿关系密切,栗子房变质核杂岩的拆离断层带附近可作为下一步金矿勘查的重点工作区,成矿潜力较大。     

运用概率分布函数确定特高品位

地质品位是评价矿石质量的重要依据。样品的品位与频率的曲线为不对称的正态曲线时,通过对样品品位的数率统计,用正态分布积分函数计算某测定品位以上的样品在样本总体内允许出现的数量,确定其是否为特高品位。