全球低纬高原地区气候特征的初步研究

提出了全球１０大低纬高原和２０个著名春城的概念,给出了３５个有代表性的低纬高原气象站资料,通过分析气温和降水变化,得到低纬高原气候的共同特征是气温年较差小,四季如春,气温日较差大,一天分四季,降水适中,干湿季分明。主要气候类型是热带草原气候和高原型季风气候     

米仓山西段地质研究新进展

通过米仓山西段１∶５万区域地质调查研究，从元古界火地垭群中解体出后河岩群，属太古－早元古代。认为前震旦纪变质基底以穹盆构造、叠加褶皱、多期面理置换、韧性剪切带为特色，确立了光雾山推覆构造，提出盖层变形以层滑褶皱为主。对岩浆杂岩成功地进行了解体，认为侵入岩具多种成因类型并具多旋回演化特点，指出地台边缘的层序地层有别于陆棚边缘经典模式。     

石榴子石—斜方辉石—堇青石—石英—一种新的地质压力计

根据反应：2石榴子石（Gt）＋3石英（Q2）=2斜方辉石（Opx）＋堇青石（Cord），采用最新热力学资料，在平衡热力学原理的基础上，建立该反应Mg、Fe端员组分压力计表达式：经世界典型孔兹岩系地区的验证以及与其它石榴子石一墓青石压力计对比，计算结果基本合理，表明这一新的压力计具有较好的应用价值。     

桐柏─大别山西段的伸展构造

桐柏─大别造山带经历了两阶段的伸展作用。早阶段伸展形成了局限海,并且形成了桐柏─大别山变质核杂岩的雏形。二郎坪岩群、龟山岩组、南湾岩组沉积在局限海中,沉积层序表现为从北向南的迁移。宽坪岩群和二郎坪岩群以低压高温的拉张变质作用为特征。晚期伸展对桐柏─大别山变质核杂岩的最后成型起着重要作用,并产生了中生代的花岗岩侵入和混合岩化。     

Dynamic interactions between crustal shortening,extension, and magmatism in the North American Cordillera

This paper examines the first-order dynamic interactions between crustal shortening, extension, and volcanism in tectonic evolution in the North American Cordillera. The protracted crustal compression in the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic (110–55 Ma) contributed to the subsequent Tertiary extension by thermally weakening the lithosphere and producing an overthickened (>50 km) and gravitationally unstable crust. In addition to post-kinematic burial heating, synkinematic thermal processes including conduction are shown significantly because of the long period of crustal contraction and the slow shortening rates (<4 mm/yr). The effects of shear heating were probably limited for the same reasons. Localized delamination of the lithospheric mantle may have contributed to the abundant plutonism and high crustal temperature in the southeastern Canadian Cordillera at the end of the orogeny. Most early-stage extension in the Cordillera, characterized by formation of metamorphic core complexes, resulted from gravitational collapse of the overthickened crust. Plutionism may have facilitated strain localization, causing widespread crustal extension at relatively low stress levels. Crustal collapse, however, was unlikely the direct cause of the Basin-Range extension, because the gravitational stresses induced by crustal thickening are limited to the crust; only a small fraction of the gravitational stresses may be transmitted to the lithospheric mantle. Nor could core complex formation induce the voluminous mid-Tertiary volcanism, which requires major upwelling of the asthenosphere. While the causes of the asthenospheric upwelling are not clear, such processes could provide the necessary conditions for the Basin-Range extension: the driving force from thermally induced gravitational potential and a thermally weakened lithosphere. The complicated spatial and temporal patterns of volcanism and extension in the Basin and Range province may be partially due to the time-dependent competing effects of thermal weakening and rheological hardening associated with intrusion and underplating of mantle-derived magmas.     

淮北煤田下石盒子组七煤段沉积模式与聚煤特征

煤田地质工作者发现，我国晚古生代煤系高建设性三角洲成煤作用尤为发育。采用地层垂直层序分析，砂体分析，岩矿及地化分析，测井曲线分析等方法，并编制了分析性图件，对本区七煤段进行剖析，认为该段是一套以浅水三角洲环境为主的沉积组成；同时，对其成煤特征进行了探讨。     

伊敏盆地五牧场煤变质作用及煤层气地质特征研究

伊敏盆地五牧场区大磨拐图河组煤变质梯度△Ｒ°ｍ／１００＝０．５４％，从褐煤到贫煤均有发育。地震资料和围岩蚀变证实在大磨拐图河组之下发育一小型岩株，其埋深为２０００ｍ左右。岩浆热力引起的高温低压变质条件导致煤中孔隙裂隙的充分发育。含煤段之上厚３００ｍ的泥岩有效阻止煤层气的逸散，煤储层可具有较高的含气饱和度。五牧场区烟煤储量丰富，单层煤厚度多在２ｍ以上，煤累计厚度达３０ｍ以上，富煤带与中变质煤区大部分重叠。煤层埋深３５０ｍ～１０００ｍ，倾角在１５°以内，具备较好的煤层气勘探开发条件。     

中国早元古代区域变质建造及构造环境的初步研究

根据中国早元古代变质建造研究表明，早元古时期，中朝变质地区华北分区是中国陆壳中可确认的最主要相对稳定的隆起区。其它变质地区及中朝变质地区的其它分区相对于华北分区为较活动的构造区。吕梁运动之后中朝变质地区为相对稳定的准地台，而其它变质地区一般仍一度处于较活动的构造环境。     

Regional metamorphic belts of the Japanese Islands

Abstract An overview of the regional metamorphic belts of Japan is given in the context of the tectonic evolution of the Japanese Islands. The Japanese Islands were situated on an active margin of the Eurasian continent or its constituent landmass before their assembly during the Phanerozoic. The Japanese Islands are composed mainly of metamorphosed and unmetamorphosed accretionary complexes, granitoids and their effusive equivalents that were formed by the Cordilleran-type orogeny. The metamorphic belts are regarded essentially as a deep-seated portion of an accretionary complex. In spite of continuous subduction of oceanic plates beneath the continents, these orogenic rocks were formed quite episodically, as evidenced by discontinuous matrix ages of the accretionary complexes and a striking concentration of isotopic ages of the granitoids. A systematic along-arc age shift of Cretaceous large-scaled granitic magmatism and regional metamorphism suggests a tectonic control such as ridge subduction, which triggered the episodic orogeny. A tectonic model based on the paired metamorphic belts, combined with the non-steady tectonic control, works well to explain this magmatism and metamorphism in a single arc-trench system as a continental margin process. However, the juxtapositional process of the paired metamorphic belts is still a problem. Two possible cases, namely transcurrent displacement and back-arc overthrusting are discussed.     

A crystal-chemical basis for Pb retention and fission-track annealing systematics in U-bearing minerals, with implications for geochronology

This study develops an empirical crystal-chemical framework for systematizing the kinetics of Pb loss and fission-track annealing in U-bearing minerals. Ionic porosity, Z (the fraction of a mineral's unit-cell volume not occupied by ions) potentially accounts for kinetic behavior by monitoring mean metal-oxygen bond length/strength. Various tests of a general kinetics-porosity relationship are presented, based upon diverse mineral data including: (1) Pb diffusion parameters; (2) measured closure temperatures (T_C) for fission-track annealing and (3) retentivities of both Pb and fission tracks, from apparent-age data. Every kinetic parameter (including T_C and mineral age for both the U/Pb and fission-track systems) is inversely correlated with Z within the sub-assemblage: zircon (Z ≈ 29%), titanite ( 34%) and apatite ( 38%). Assuming a diffusional closure model, Pb isotopic transport phenomena are described by a T_C-Z scale “calibrated” with field-based T_C data for titanite (≥ 680 ± 20°C) and apatite ( 500°C). Extrapolation of this scale yields T_C estimates for the following minerals: staurolite (T_C ≥ 1060°C, Z ≈ 25%); garnet (≥ 1010°C, 26.5%); zircon (≥900°C); monazite, xenotime, and epidote (≥ 750°C, 32%); and Ca-clinopyroxene (≥ 670 ± 30°C, 34 ± 1%, depending on composition). These empirical results imply that a (U/)Pb/Pb date for staurolite or garnet records the time of mineral growth, not post-growth isotopic closure, as also concluded in recent field studies. Because Z systematizes fission-track annealing, this recrystallization process, like volume-diffusion, must also be rate-limited by the strength of chemical bonds. The extent to which other recrystallization processes are likewise rate-limited is important to U/Pb geochronology because they potentially compete with diffusion as mechanisms for Pb-isotopic resetting in nature.