Sedimentary Characteristics and Models of Paleo-salt Lake During Paleocene and Eocene in the Jiangling Depression of Central China

正1 Sedimentary Characteristics of Paleo-salt Lake In early sedimentary stages of Shashi formation,because of drought climate and the concentration of lake,a set of salt strata of hundreds of meters is developed in the tension     

龙门山甘溪地区泥盆系碳酸盐与陆源碎屑混合沉积特征

结合地质剖面和薄片鉴定结果等资料,对龙门山地区泥盆纪埃姆斯期—吉维特早期混合沉积的岩石学特征、沉积特征、沉积相类型进行详细分析。基于研究区陆源碎屑沉积和碳酸盐沉积的2种相模式,总结了各类混合沉积的产出部位、沉积特征,归纳出龙门山地区甘溪泥盆系的混合沉积相模式,认为主控因素是由区域母源性质、构造作用、相对海平面变化等因素构成。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田白马南特低渗岩性油藏储层地质建模

以鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田白马南长81砂岩油藏为例，应用随机序贯高斯模拟法（SUS）和序贯指示模拟法（SIS）建立研究目标的储层地质模型，进而探讨了在特低渗岩性油藏中相对高渗透储层形成的控制因素。认为长81油藏储层的形成主要受控于沉积作用；成岩作用对改善储层物性及油气的运聚起了重要的作用。砂体的三维模拟结果显示主砂体位于研究区西部，呈西南-东北向展布。储层物性参数的三维模拟也表明优质储层主要分布在主砂体带上长石溶蚀相和绿泥石薄膜胶结成岩相区。     

Interplay between equilibrium and kinetics in prograde metamorphism of pelites: an example from the Nelson aureole, British Columbia

The distribution of metapelitic mineral assemblages in the Nelson aureole, British Columbia, generally conforms to what is predicted from phase equilibria. However, in detail, the sequence and spacing of isograds, mineral textures and mineral compositions and mineral chemical zoning do not. Two of the main disequilibrium features in the aureole are: (i) delay in the onset and progress of several reactions, i.e. overstepping in temperature; and (ii) unreactivity of staurolite and especially garnet porphyroblasts when they are reactants in prograde reactions. The thermal overstepping is ascribed to difficulty of nucleation of the product porphyroblasts and sluggishness of dissolution of porphyroblasts when they are reactants. The extent to which these kinetic barriers delay the onset of reaction is related to the reaction affinity of each reaction, defined herein as the Gibbs free‐energy difference between the thermodynamically stable, but not‐yet‐crystallized, products and the metastable reactants. For oversteps in temperature (ΔT), reaction affinity is, in turn, related to the difference in entropy (ΔS) between these two states through the relation A = ΔT * ΔS. Mineral reactions which release large quantities of H₂O, such as chlorite‐consuming reactions, have a higher entropy change per unit of temperature overstep, and therefore a higher reaction affinity, than those which release little or no H₂O, such as the chlorite‐free staurolite‐consuming reaction. Thermal overstepping is consequently expected to be less for the former than for the latter, as was estimated in the aureole where 0 to 30 °C overstepping was required for garnet, staurolite and andalusite growth from a muscovite + chlorite‐bearing precursor rock and ～70 °C overstepping was required for the growth of Al₂SiO₅ from a staurolite‐bearing, chlorite‐free precursor. In all cases, reaction progress was strongly influenced by the presence or absence of fluid, with presence of fluid lowering kinetic barriers to nucleation and growth and therefore the degree of thermal overstepping. Textural features of rocks from the nearly coincident garnet, staurolite and andalusite isograds are suggestive of a fluid‐catalysed ‘cascade effect’ in which reaction took place in a narrow temperature interval; several competing muscovite + chlorite‐consuming reactions, some metastable, appear to have occurred in parallel. Metamorphic reaction, fluid release and possibly fluid presence in general in the aureole were episodic rather than continuous, and in several cases well removed from equilibrium conditions. The extent to which these findings apply to regional metamorphism depends on several factors, a major one being enhanced deformation, which is expected to lower kinetic barriers to nucleation and growth.     

A Sequence of Pan-African and Hercynian Events Recorded in Zircons from an Orthogneiss from the Hercynian Belt of Western Central Iberia--an Ion Microprobe U-Pb Study

Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe U–Pb dating showsthat a biotite orthogneiss from the Hercynian belt of westerncentral Iberia contains 1000–300 Ma zircon. Older, 1000–570Ma ages within this range represent inherited, detrital materialamong which four age components may be recognized:     

基本层序和相分析是区调中组建立的基础

以赣西北地区中、上寒武统划分为例,阐述基本层序、相分析在岩石地层单位划分和对比中的作用、地位。划分岩石地层单位不能仅仅根据岩性特征,而必须进行基本层序和系统的相分析。在这样的基础上,划分的岩石地层单位才具有准确性、合理性和野外实用性。     

新疆牙哈地区新近系沉积相及油气勘探意义

利用地震资料具有横向分辨率高的优点,将地震资料与录井资料和测井资料相结合,用地震相分析、地震振幅属性分析、相干分析和可视化等手段对牙哈地区新近系的河道展布进行了刻画,确定了河道、河漫滩、决口扇和曲流砂坝等沉积相类型的平面展布.在新近系共识别出7期大型河道,总面积为619 km2,可形成有利勘探面积75 km2,为牙哈地区新近系下一步勘探提供了依据.     

海州式磷矿床地质特征及其成矿模式

海州式磷矿成矿物质有多种来源。磷元素在地壳发展过程中，随着磷矿成矿作用不同阶段物化条件等改变而变化，将成矿划分为沉积、变质及改造三阶段。中元古代早期海州群锦屏组，肥东群双山 ，宿松群柳坪组和虎踏石组及红安群七角山组下段为其“源”，磷块岩形成后，由于变质、混合岩化交代和风化淋滤作用，使磷质活化，在一定的空间富集成矿。     

赣中变质岩带对该区铀成矿控制作用的研究

本文从变质岩带的含铀性分析入手,研究了赣中变质岩带中铀矿化与变质岩带的含铀性、构造岩浆活动带、变质岩带出露的动力学机制及变质核杂岩构造的关系。研究表明:铀成矿与构造岩浆活动带以及地壳减薄、地幔上隆和在变质核杂岩边缘沿着低角度正断层的地壳伸展构造有着实质的关系。     

Silica mobility and fluid movement during metamorphism of the Connemara schists, Ireland

Quartz veins are developed in a wide range of metasediment types in the upper amphibolite facies rocks of Connemara, and attest to considerable migration of silica. Contrary to common assumptions, there is clear evidence that these veins do not primarily result from movement of fluid to regions of lower P–T down the regional geothermal gradient. Under amphibolite facies conditions, a dilute chloride fluid moving down temperature has the potential to alter 60g of plagioclase to muscovite for each gram of vein quartz precipitated, while cooling over the temperature interval from 650 to 500° C. The absence of significant metasomatic effects in the vein walls effectively precludes a simple origin from such through-flowing, externally derived fluids. The oxygen isotopic composition of matrix quartz shows considerable differences between different rock types (quartzite, pelite and marble), with a range of δ¹⁸O_SMOW from c.+ 11.5% (quartzite) to + 18.5% (marble). In each rock type, vein quartz compositions closely match those of the matrix quartz. These results demonstrate the importance of local segregation processes in the formation of veins, and suggest that fluid convection cells were not developed during metamorphism on a scale larger than the individual sedimentary formations, if at all. Both oxygen isotope data and the absence of metasomatism indicate that veins form primarily by segregation of quartz from the host lithologies, with only a relatively minor component of through flow of externally derived fluid. Veins are clearly not the major pathways of metamorphic dewatering. It is proposed that abundant veins in the predominantly pelitic Ballynakill Formation formed during peak metamorphic D3 folding because the formation was embrittled by high fluid pressures but was capped by impermeable marble. Hence the pelitic formation fractured repeatedly and the pore fluid drained through the fractures to form veins, while irreversible loss through the rest of the succession was a much less important process. In the central mountains of Connemara, rather pure, unreactive quartzites are cut by widely spaced, laterally extensive quartz veins that are axial planar to D3 folds. These veins may mark pathways whereby metamorphic fluid made its way through the massive impermeable quartzite from lower parts of the nappe pile, but here too, oxygen isotope data indicate considerable segregation of locally derived quartz, reflecting the importance of pumping of fluid between wail rocks and fractures relative to the component of through flow.