西藏冈底斯尼雄超大型富铁矿的成矿地质特征

近年来在班公湖-怒江成矿带南侧的冈底斯北带发现尼雄超大型富铁矿床。通过详细的野外地质调查和室内测试分析,从构造演化和成矿演化的角度对冈底斯措勤县尼雄富铁矿的地质特征和构造控矿规律进行了初步的研究。认为本区富铁矿主成矿期为晚白垩世,形成于板块俯冲、碰撞造陆到青藏高原新生代板内造山、地壳增厚、隆升伸展的重大构造转换过程中。与冈底斯南缘晚新生代斑岩型铜矿床相比,显示青藏高原大规模成矿具有从北向南迁移演化的规律。     

Coupling Effects on Gold Mineralization of Deep and Shallow Structures in the Northwestern Jiaodong Peninsula, Eastern China

For understanding the possible deep-seated processes and geodynamic constrains on gold mineralization, comprehensive physicochemical and geochemical studies of gold mineralization have been undertaken within the paleo-lithosphere framework during the metailogenic epoch from the northwestern part of the Jiaodong Peninsula in this paper. A general image of the paleo-crust has been remained although it has been superimposed and reformed by post-metailogenic tectonic movements. The gold ore deposits occur usually in local uplifts and gradient belts featuring a turn from steep to gentle in granite-metamorphic contact zones, relative uplifts of gradient zones of the Curier isothermal interfaces, depressions of the Moho discontinuity and areas where depth contours are cut by isotherms perpendicularly. Gold mineralization and lithogenesis are characterized by high temperature, low pressure and high strength of thermal flux. The depth of mineralization ranges from 0.8 to 4.5 km. The depth of the top interface of the granitic complex in the metallogenic epoch is about 3 km. There is a low-velocity layer （LVL） at the bottom of the upper crust with a depth close to 19.5 km, which may be a detachment belt in the crust. The appearance of the LVL indicates the existence of paleo-hyperthermal fluid or relics of molten magma chambers, which reflects partial melting within the crust during the diagenetic and metallogenic epochs and the superposition effects of strike-slip shearing of the Taulu fault zone. The subsidence of the Moho is probably attributed to the coupling process of the NW-SE continental collision between North China and the Yangtze Block and the strike-slip movement of the Tanlu fault accompanied with underplating of mantle magma in the northwestern part of the Jiaodong Peninsula. The underplating of mantle magma may result in partial melting and make granite magma transfer upwards. This is favorable for the migration of metallogenic materials from deep to shallow to be enriched to form deposits. Coupling interactions between the strike-slip of the Taulu fault, the underplating of mantle magma, partial melting within the crust, and hyperthermal fluid, etc. may be the important factors controlling the gold mineralization and spatial structures in the metailogenic system.     

热液矿床中含钙矿物的Sm-Nd同位素定年

Sm、Nd的离子半径相似、化学性质很相近,母体衰变形成的子体易在矿物晶格中保存下来,故矿物或岩石中的Sm—Nd同位素体系易保持封闭,具有较强的抗风化、抗蚀变能力,是一种有效的定年工具。但长期以来,Sm—Nd同位素体系主要用于前寒武纪地质年代学研究,研究对象主要限于陨石、月球岩石、古老的基性、超基性岩和前寒武纪老地层等。近年的研究表明,热液矿床中一些含钙矿物,其REE含量较高,Sm／Nd分馏明显,是很有潜力的Sm—Nd同位素定年对象,能对矿床的成矿时间进行精确制约。本文对萤石、白钨矿、方解石、电气石等常见热液含钙矿物的Sm—Nd同位素研究现状进行归纳总结,并对该方法在中国热液矿床中进一步的应用前景进行了展望,以期促进Sm—Nd同位素成矿年代学在我国的推广和应用。     

成矿预测中的非线性数学方法

文章综述了成矿预测非线性模型处理中的近代数学理论与方法,包括混沌、分形、小波分析、遗传算法与神经网络.在阐明数学理论内在物理含义的基础上,将其与地质过程的内在复杂性进行了对比分析,进一步明晰了它们在成矿预测模型处理中的应用.     

隐爆角砾岩型金矿床成矿特征浅析--以山西堡子湾、河南祁雨沟金矿床为例

中酸性岩浆侵入体隐蔽爆破作用形成角砾岩体(筒)的同时于其中形成隐爆角砾岩型金矿床.侵入岩体规模一般较小,岩性主要为闪长岩类、石英(二长)斑岩类或正长岩类的中酸性岩石.角砾岩体在平面上呈近圆形或椭圆形,面积相对较小,在剖面上呈垂直地表的筒状,深部一般与中酸性侵入岩体相连.角砾的成分在浅部多为围岩角砾,往深部逐渐变为以花岗质角砾为主,胶结物主要是细岩屑和蚀变矿物.中酸性侵入体是矿床的成矿母岩,隐爆作用的发生及形成的隐爆角砾岩体(筒)是容矿构造,角砾岩体中的次级断裂是控矿构造,各因素对于此类型金矿床的形成起着重要的作用.     

内蒙古哈达门沟金矿床成矿条件及控矿因素

介绍了哈达门沟金矿床的基本特征,通过对矿源层、金活化迁移的条件和动力、富集成矿的空间进行分析,指出了矿床形成条件及控矿因素。为下一步该区的地质找矿指出了方向。     

德兴地区金矿成矿地质特征及找矿方向

德兴-铜厂岩块地层序列属怀玉地体构造沉积区.金矿赋存于中元古界韩源组.控矿构造为北东东向韧性剪切带及顺层滑脱碎裂岩带.矿石类型为蚀变糜棱岩型和石英脉型.韧性剪切强应变岩带且叠加碎裂化部位是找矿的有利地段.     

西藏罗布莎豆荚状铬铁矿成矿演化的构造过程

摘要：通过对罗布莎铬铁矿区的构造解析,揭示出了豆荚状铬铁矿的成矿演化规律。由地幔韧性剪切带和脆－韧性剪切带组成的含铬剪切带是成矿期构造,被造山期发生的变形分解作用和脆性断裂作用改造,成矿演化经历了从上地幔到上地壳所发生的５个构造变形相的转换,即熔融流变变形相→地幔韧性剪切变形相→壳幔脆→韧性剪切变形相→塑性挤压变形相→脆性断裂变形相,可划分为中生代改造成矿和新生代矿床改造两个阶段,并概括为包含６个变形世代的构造成矿序列。     

西倾山地区热泉一岩溶一蚀变岩型金矿成矿规律及找矿方向

西倾山地区是近年来新发现的岩溶-热泉式金矿成矿带,其形成是在未形成"硅帽"的情况下由突发涌入（出）的硅质热液沉淀结晶形成的。西倾山弧形构造机制所导致的次级构造（裂隙）以及沿其裂隙侵入的中酸性岩脉或沿裂隙发育的古岩溶构造是主要的容矿控矿构造。在剖面上由上向下具有热泉型-岩溶型-交代蚀变岩型"三层"式的成矿规律。西倾山及李卡如山弧形构造带具有进一步找矿的良好前景。     

辽南猫岭细脉浸染型金矿床的成矿模式

辽南猫岭金矿床是低品位细脉浸染型金矿床,矿体为含金石英细脉和含金毒砂-黄铁矿化绢云千枚岩。本文研究了该矿区地质特征、矿床地质特征及矿化的物质来源,认为其成因与岩浆活动有关。本文在此基础上建立了猫岭细脉浸染型金矿床的成矿模式。