内蒙古温都尔庙地区白音诺尔一带变质基性火山岩年代学和地球化学研究

对内蒙古中部温都尔庙地区白音诺尔变质基性火山岩进行了锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究。结果表明,变质基性火山岩原岩形成于(254.8±6.2)Ma,时代为晚二叠世。地球化学特征研究显示研究区变质基性火山岩属于亚碱性拉斑系列,大离子亲石元素(LILE)Ba、Rb、Sr强烈亏损,高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Zr富集,元素Eu为正异常,具有E-MORB地球化学特征,岩浆来源于富集的岩石圈地幔,结合地质特征应属于蛇绿岩组成部分,反映该地区在晚二叠世古亚洲洋尚未闭合,其闭合时间可能在早三叠世之后。     

桂西南早三叠世中酸性火山岩及其构造环境

桂西南广泛发育一套与微粒型金矿密切相关的早三叠世中酸性火山岩。主要见于下三叠统北泗组第四段，具潮坪特点，层序上处于下伏的 HST和上覆的 TST之间。岩石类型为流纹岩、英安岩和沉火山碎屑岩，其中的熔结角砾凝灰岩是本次 1∶ 5万区调中的新发现。三种火山岩均属钾质钙碱性系列，岩石化学成分显示为同源岩浆产物。运用多种岩石地球化学数据判别：其产出的大地构造环境为活动陆缘。岩浆来源深度较大，与太平洋库拉板块向亚洲板块俯冲，高能热流导致上地幔部分熔融上涌，穿透巨厚壳层时吸收了部分壳源重熔物质有关，其上涌通道主要沿被激活的凭祥─东门深断裂。     

双峰式火山岩与块状硫化物矿床

双峰式火山岩不仅是火山成因块状硫化物矿床中最常见的含矿岩石组合，而且也是研究其古成矿地质背景和成矿作用的主要依据之一。笔者收集了我国以及世界一些著名火山成因块状硫化物矿床和矿带的含矿建造资料，其中包括含矿建筑的岩石组合、形成时代和层序、火山岩的岩石组合和岩石化学、产出的大地构造环境等等。整理结果表明，双峰式火山岩是火山成因块状硫化物矿床的最佳含矿岩石组合；它们主要产五各个时期的造山火山岩类，产生了有利成矿组分浓集的巨大热液循环系统及适宜原（海水深度和封闭条件良好的）含矿流体集积的沉陷盆地（裂谷），从而为成群成带的VHMS型矿床的形成提供了有利的地质环境。     

阿尔金山拉配泉地区元古宙裂谷火山岩系及其构造意义

阿尔金山拉配泉之北，拉配泉断裂和阿尔金北缘断裂夹持的火山岩片为一套典型的双峰式大陆裂谷火山岩系，基性端员属碱性系列和亚碱性系列，亚碱性系列可分为钙碱性系列和拉斑玄武岩系列，酸性端员均属钙碱性关系，基性火山岩Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素年龄为１７９３±２７０（２σ）Ｍａ，εＮｄ＝６．４±１．４。稀土元素地球化学特征表明，基性火山岩以轻稀土富集配分型式为主，个别样品呈ＭＯＲＢ型平坦配分型式，酸性火山岩以轻稀土高度     

Elliptical boundary of an intraplate volcanic field, Auckland, New Zealand

The outer vents in the Auckland Volcanic Field lie within 19 to 559 m (mean 224.75 m) of a ‘best-fit' ellipse with a 28.9-km-long major axis trending almost north–south, and a minor axis 16.5 km long. The ellipse has formed the outer boundary of the field since the inception of volcanism 140,000 years ago. We present the following testable hypotheses as an explanation of this pattern: The boundary is the expression of a corresponding elliptical source area at depth in the lithospheric mantle (possibly asthenosphere material trapped at this level). The ellipse may represent a depth contour on a very small upper mantle dome or of a lens intruding into a neck of an extensional structure. Alternatively it could be the boundary of a flat elliptical area where tensional stresses allow decompressional melting. The elliptical tensional region may either have developed in a releasing bend during strike-slip faulting along a fundamental lithosphere structure inherited from Mesozoic tectonics, associated with the NNW-trending Dun Mountain ophiolite belt, or may represent the tip of a fracture along which the Auckland Volcanic Province is propagating northward.     

下扬子区早二叠世孤峰期泥化火山岩

下扬子区早二叠世弧峰组是以层状硅岩为主的海相层系，厚度为２０－８０ｍ。在硅岩层间产出火山岩，火山岩夹层的厚度小但层数众多，并几乎已全部泥化。但仍保留着残留的流动构造；长石、磷灰石、黑云母、角闪石等矿物或其晶屑以及各种形态的玻屑。在大量蒙脱石、伊利石、绿泥石等因泥化而形成的火山岩中特征性矿物。根据宏观及显微镜下特征、岩石化学成分的不同特征进行判断，火山岩包含有基性熔岩、酸性凝灰岩，还有大量含火山碎屑     

A-type volcanics in Central Eastern Sinai, Egypt

Alkaline rhyolitic and minor trachytic volcanics were erupted 580–530 Ma ago. They occur with their A-type intrusive equivalents in Sinai, southern Negev and southwestern Jordan. At Taba-Nuweiba district, these volcanics outcrop in three areas, namely, Wadi El-Mahash, Wadi Khileifiya and Gebel El-Homra. Mineralogically, they comprise alkali feldspars, iron-rich biotite and arfvedsonite together with rare ferro-eckermannite. Geochemically, the older rhyolitic volcanics are highly evolved, enriched in HFSE including REE and depleted in Ca, Mg, Sr and Eu. The rhyolitic rocks of Wadi El-Mahash and Gebel El-Homra are enriched in K₂O content (5.3–10.1 wt.%) and depleted in Na₂O content (0.08–2.97 wt.%), while the rhyolites of Wadi Khileifiya have normal contents of alkalis. Their REE patterns are uniform, parallel to subparallel, fractionated [(La/Yb)_n = 5.4] and show prominent negative Eu-anomalies. They are classified as alkali rhyolites with minor comendites. The younger volcanics are classified as trachyandesite and quartz trachyte (56.6–62.9 wt.% SiO₂). Both older and younger volcanics represent two separate magmatic suites. The overall mineralogical and chemical characteristics of these volcanics are consistent with within plate tectonic setting. It is suggested that partial melting of crustal rocks yielded the source magma. Lithospheric extension and crustal rupture occurred prior to the eruption of these volcanics. The rather thin continental crust (35 km) as well as the continental upheaval and extensive erosion that preceded their emplacement favoured pressure release and increasing mantle contribution. The volatiles of the upper mantle were important agents for heat transfer, and sufficient for the anatexis of the crustal rocks. A petrogenetic hypothesis is proposed for the genesis of the recorded potassic and ultrapotassic rhyolitic rocks through the action of dissolved volatiles and their accumulation in the uppermost part of the magma chamber.     

Geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotope composition of Carboniferous volcanic rocks of the Jueluotage Orogenic Belt: implications for the tectonic evolution of Eastern Tianshan,China

The major and trace element, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of the Carboniferous Qi’eshan, Wutongwozi, and Yamansu volcanic rocks from the northern and southern parts of the Jueluotage Orogenic Belt in East Tianshan, China, were analysed to understand their genesis and geodynamic implications. The early Carboniferous Qi’eshan basalts are characterized by high Al₂O₃, with La/Sm (1.38–1.79) and Ba/La (27.06–58.76) values higher than those of typical normal mid-ocean ridge basalt. They are relatively enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and light rare earth elements (LREE), and depleted in high field strength elements. Overall, their initial Nd–Sr isotopic compositions are ε_Nd(t) = (5.6–7.0) and Isr = 0.70397–0.70429, implying the magma originated from a mantle wedge source that was metasomatized by subduction-related fluids. In contrast, the late Carboniferous Wutongwozi basalts have lower Ba/La (4.86–12.82), La/Nb (0.87–2.45), and LILE concentrations. They have the isotopic characteristics of depleted asthenosphere, relatively high and heterogeneous ε_Nd(t) (9.3–9.4), and high Isr (0.70471–0.70533). Thus, the late Carboniferous Wutongwozi basalts may have been derived from the partial melting of mantle sources during asthenospheric upwelling. The early Carboniferous Yamansu acid volcanic rocks are characterized by high Mg# (46–48) and Lu/Y (~0.15), and low K₂O/Na₂O (0.01–0.20), similar to M-type granites. However, their ε_Nd(t) (5.0–5.5) and Isr (0.70642–0.70768) values are lower than those of depleted mantle, indicating they were contaminated by lower crustal material. The magma source originated from a mantle-derived magma that was contaminated by middle Tianshan massif in a continental margin arc setting. Based on the results and previous field-based studies, we conclude that the Carboniferous volcanics in the Jueluotage Orogenic Belt formed in a complex trench–arc–basin setting in the Kuguertage–Aqikuduke Suture Zone.     

新疆富蕴县苏普特一带双峰式火山岩的发现及其地质意义

新疆阿尔泰苏普特一带中泥盆统阿勒泰组为一套以玄武质岩石为主的双峰式火山岩组合,下部以变质玄武岩为主,夹少量流纹岩,中部以变质玄武岩、玄武质凝灰岩、沉凝灰岩为主,夹少量酸性火山岩及其碎屑岩,上部流纹质岩石有所增加。玄武质岩石往往变质为角闪片岩、绿帘阳起石片岩等,属拉斑玄武岩系列,低SiO2、K2O,高Ti,富Na、Rb、Ba、Th、U等,轻稀土略富集,无明显铕异常,Nb负异常明显,相似于MORB和岛弧型玄武岩的某些特征,与弧后盆地玄武岩的特征基本一致。流纹质岩石属钙碱性系列,高SiO2,低K2O,为钠质型;大离子亲石元素富集,具明显的Nb、P、Ti负异常和弱的Th正异常,Sr含量较低;稀土元素含量较高,∑REE为135.67×10-6～407.71×10-6,轻稀土略富集,(La/Yb)N为2.55～3.73,铕负异常较明显,δEu值为0.34～0.54。流纹质岩石地球化学特征也与典型弧后盆地双峰式火山岩中的流纹岩相似。结合区域资料分析,苏普特双峰式火山岩是阿尔泰南缘俯冲撕裂型裂谷盆地演化晚期局部形成的类似于弧后环境的产物。     

纸房地区早奥陶世海相火山岩岩石化学特征

纸房地区具有早奥陶世海相火山岩存在。火山岩层中以溢流相的中基性火山岩为主 ,局部地段比较发育以酸性岩类为主的次火山岩 ,中基性火山岩的岩石化学类型属于拉斑玄武岩钠质类型。岩石化学特征表明火山岩形成于洋岛构造环境