Composition of plagioclases in volcanic rocks of King George Island, Antarctica with reference to the petrogenetic significance

Plagioclases occur mainly as phenocrysts in volcanic rocks of King George Island, South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica. In basaltic andesites and andesites of Keller Peninsula and Ullman Spur (Admiralty Bay), they are high structure state labradorite-andesines; and in high-A1 basalts and basaltic andesites of Barton and Weaver peninsulas (Maxwell Bay), they are high structure state bytownite-anorthites.∑REE, La/Yb ratios and δEu values of plagioclases from Admiralty Bay are higher than those from Maxwell Bay. All plagioclases have rather identical chondritenormalized transitional element distribution patterns, probably reflecting that crystal structure rather than composition of plagioclase controls their diversity. Compositions of plagioclases depend chiefly on those of their host rocks, compositional differences of plagioclases reveal that basaltic magmas in the Admiralty Bay area are more evolved than in the Maxwell Bay area.     

额尔古纳—满洲里地区中生代火山岩与铀成矿地质条件研究

与我国相毗邻的蒙古、俄罗斯超大型火山岩型铀矿床的发现促进了我国对额尔古纳—满洲里地区中生代火山岩铀成矿条件的研究。在野外调研、样品分析及资料综合整理基础上,本文从火山岩的火山喷发旋回与演化、岩性组合、岩石铀含量、岩石化学及火山岩形成环境方面分析了该区中生代火山岩的铀成矿地质条件,认为该区与国内外产铀火山岩特征相似,成矿地质条件优越,是我国超大型火山岩型铀矿床极具远景的地区。     

Hydrocarbon- Generating Model of the Area Covered With Volcanic Rock

The distribution of Oil & gas fields shows their close relationship with the most active tectonic regions. This is not a coincidence but having a scientific reasons. The crustal active regions, refer to the places where the active natural earthquake, volcanic activities, underground water happened, and the areas of the leaking off of natural gas to the surface of the crust. The magma of volcanic activities brings the organic "kitchen range body" hydrocarbon- generating model and inorganic genetic hydrocarbon to the regions covered by volcanic rock. Underground water brings a catalytic hydrocarbongenerating model for organic matter, and the leaking- off of H2 and CO2 contributes a synthetic hydrocarbon - generating model. Volcanic activities bring the assemblage of Source, Reservoir and Seal formed by the sediments and magma the sedimentary basins, and the hydrocarbon - generating system with a "water - volcano" binary structure is formed. All these conditions are favorable and excellent for the formation of oil & gas fields. The distribution of American oil & gas fields have very close relationship with the mines of Fe, Mn, Ct, Mo, W and V, deposits of Zn, Cu, V, Pb, Al and Hg, and the deposits of fluorite, sulfur, potassium salt, phosphate and halite, and the distribution of sulfate- chloride of river water. The reason why few oil & gas fields discovered in the regions covered by volcanic rock in western America maybe because of the view of "inconsistency between petroleum and volcano". Further more, It's very difficult to carry out a geophysical exploration in such kinds of regions.This paper examined a few hydrocarbon-generating models (systems) mentioned above and came up with some fresh ideas on the exploration in the areas covered with volcanic rocks.     

吉林延边小西南岔铜(金)矿床早白垩世中—酸性岩浆岩年代学、地球化学及其成因探讨

小西南岔铜(金)矿床位于吉林省延边地区东部,通过对小西南岔铜(金)矿床早白垩世中—酸性岩浆岩进行野外地质、岩相学、年代学和地球化学等方面的研究,进一步探讨延边乃至东北地区中生代大地构造演化。年代学研究结果表明：其同位素年龄分别为(101.69±0.61) Ma(石英闪长岩)、(101.14±0.58) Ma(英云闪长岩)、(100.82±0.62) Ma(花岗闪长岩)和(100.20±1.10) Ma(闪长玢岩),岩浆作用发生在早白垩世末期(102～100 Ma),是同一构造演化过程的产物。岩石地球化学研究表明,闪长玢岩具有典型埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征,其w(SiO₂)=61.419%～62.153%,w(Al₂O₃)=16.872%～17.329%,w(MgO)=2.339%～2.643%,w(Na₂O)=5.749%～6.623%,w(K₂O)=1.483%～1.786%,w(Sr)=(691～888)×10^-6,w(Yb)=(0.71～0.83)×...     

鄂尔多斯盆地西缘二叠系事件地层及其地球化学特征

通过钻井岩心的观察及镜下岩矿鉴定,同时依据地球化学和沉积学特征,把区内发育的事件地层分为两类:火山事件层和海退事件层,其中太原组火山事件层和海退事件层各1层,山西组火山事件层1层,石盒子组火山事件层3层。所体现的常量、微量和稀土元素质量分数及岩石学特征具明显的差异。研究事件地层获得的成果,可以为区域地层划分和对比提供更加准确的依据。      

陕西省洛南县莲花沟岩体LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

在西起陕西省的金堆城地区,东至河南省栾川南泥湖-三道庄-上房沟、嵩县雷门沟地区的华北地台南缘的东秦岭钼矿带上产出的南泥湖、三道庄、上房沟等一系列钼矿床,均与燕山期中酸性小岩体成矿关系密切,并且成岩成矿年龄集中在110～160 Ma.同样位于该钼矿带上的洛南县莲花沟岩体,其侵位特点与岩石化学特征非常相似.笔者从陕西省洛南县莲花沟岩体地质背景人手,通过LA-ICP-Ms锆石U-Pb定年,获得莲花沟岩体年龄为(147.7±2.0)Ma.恰处于东秦岭钼主成岩成矿年龄范围,这对进一步指导该区的找矿工作,具有重要地质意义.     

中国南方志留系底部优质烃源岩发育的构造-环境模式

我们对宜昌王家湾和张家界三家馆两个剖面的上奥陶统-下志留统剖面的有机碳丰度、有机碳同位素、以及磷和硫元素进行了测定,并结合区域构造背景分析了有机质生产、聚集、保存的有利条件.研究表明,对于下志留统烃源岩而言,对有机质生产的主要贡献来自光合作用,所生成的有机质聚集在陆缘洼地型活动大陆边缘的分隔性盆地中,其有利保存的缺氧条件与冈瓦纳大陆北缘的区域性的缺氧有关.我们认为,扬子克拉通的志留系底部烃源岩与北非的"hot shale"一样,有很大的勘探前景.     

描述岩石粘弹性固体性质的开尔文模型

大多数固体材料都具有弹性,但真实的固体却极少严格遵从弹性的虎克定律。这些固体材料的变形往往有对时间的依赖性,这种性质是流变学研究的内容。岩石是自然界最普遍的固体,它的力学性质在通常条件下可用虎克定律作精确的描述,而在漫长的地质过程中,岩石的流变特征就逐渐显现出来。地质作用越缓慢,岩石对变形时间的依赖性越明显。为精确描述岩石在地质过程的力学性质,流变学方法被引入地质学。笔者已经介绍过描述"牛顿流体"的马克斯威尔流变模型,文中介绍描述粘弹性固体的开尔文流变模型。和马克斯威尔模型一样,开尔文模型也是流变学的基本模型,它是由一个弹性元件和一个阻尼元件并联而成。文中给出开尔文模型的本构关系和地质应用的简介。     

全国火山岩型铀矿资源潜力评价

火山岩型铀矿床均产于古陆壳之上的酸性（或偏碱性）陆相火山岩系中,文章根据中国陆相火山岩系的产出环境,结合铀矿床、矿点及矿化点的分布,划分出6条火山岩型铀矿成矿带和8条火山岩型铀矿远景带（预测工作区）,对铀矿化集中区进一步划分出21个预测区。根据含矿主岩及控矿构造特征,将火山岩型铀矿床分为5个亚类、16个矿床式（29个典型矿床）,建立了成矿模式,并在此基础上划分出4个预测类型,总结了火山岩型铀矿的成矿要素、预测要素及成矿规律。对14个预测工作区和21个预测区编制了系列图件,圈出了预测工作区靶区近200个,并分别采用数量化理论Ⅰ、品位吨位法、体积法及德尔菲法对各预测工作区和预测区500m以浅及1 000m以浅的铀矿资源量进行了估算。编制了火山岩型铀矿勘查工作部署图,对今后铀矿地质工作及铀矿大基地建设提出建议。