琼东南盆地东部层间断层系及其形成机制分析

基于琼东南盆地最新3D地震资料的地质与地球物理解释,运用先进的地震剖面相干处理技术,在琼东南盆地东部早-中中新世泥岩中发现了大量层间断层,这些断层剖面上为板状正断层,倾角一般大于45°,长度不超过1000m,但是平面走向在不同区域差异很大。研究区层间断层为以体积收缩机制为主要形成机制,在区域应力、重力滑塌和超压水力破裂多种力学机制共同影响下形成的,基本限制在层间的、多种类型和多种性质的断层组合。研究区东北部主要为体积收缩机制形成的层间断层,并受到重力滑塌的影响,断层主要表现为平行于等深线的EW向的断层密集带和与之垂直的SN向直线状断层;中部主要受超压水力破裂作用和体积收缩机制的影响,断层主要由放射状断层和与之垂直的层间断层两部分组成;西南部地区主要受体积收缩作用和区域应力场的影响,在构造断层影响区,层间断层走向与构造断层相互垂直,未影响区则表现为断层多边形。     

淮南刘庄煤矿地基人工冻融土工程性质与中微观结构之间关系研究

本文以淮南刘庄煤矿主井地基的人工冻融土为研究对象,以偏光显微镜,扫描电镜(SEM)为主要研究手段,研究分析了人工冻融土与原状土的中微观结构、冻融前后的中微观结构的变化规律及内在原因。此外,还研究分析了人工冻融土冻融前后的中微观结构及其变化与人工冻融土的物理、力学、工程性质之间的关系。研究显示中微观结构对人工冻融土的物理、力学、工程性质有很大的影响,冻融前后中微观结构的变化受到土的种类、埋深、原状土的中微观结构等因素的影响,且冻融前后的中微观结构的变化在一定程度上主导了冻融前后的物理、力学、工程性质的改变。     

Some numerical issues using element‐free Galerkin mesh‐less method for coupled hydro‐mechanical problems

A new formulation of the element‐free Galerkin (EFG) method is developed for solving coupled hydro‐mechanical problems. The numerical approach is based on solving the two governing partial differential equations of equilibrium and continuity of pore water simultaneously. Spatial variables in the weak form, i.e. displacement increment and pore water pressure increment, are discretized using the same EFG shape functions. An incremental constrained Galerkin weak form is used to create the discrete system equations and a fully implicit scheme is used for discretization in the time domain. Implementation of essential boundary conditions is based on a penalty method. Numerical stability of the developed formulation is examined in order to achieve appropriate accuracy of the EFG solution for coupled hydro‐mechanical problems. Examples are studied and compared with closed‐form or finite element method solutions to demonstrate the validity of the developed model and its capabilities. The results indicate that the EFG method is capable of handling coupled problems in saturated porous media and can predict well both the soil deformation and variation of pore water pressure over time. Some guidelines are proposed to guarantee the accuracy of the EFG solution for coupled hydro‐mechanical problems. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A comparison of variational formats for porous media subjected to dynamic loading

This paper presents a comparison of two variational formats for fully saturated porous media subjected to dynamic loading, whereby the general situation of relative fluid acceleration is considered: (1) the classical three‐field ( u , p, w )‐format and (2) a novel two‐field ( u , p)‐format, where the seepage velocity w is a spatially ‘local’ field whose treatment resembles that of internal variables in material models. The limited numerical comparison shows that the ( u , p)‐format competes well with the ( u , p, w )‐format. Indeed, it is consistent with the general acceleration modeling in the full range of permeabilities. Moreover, in the low permeability regime (where the magnitude of w is insignificant), the new format reflects the situation pertinent to ‘added‐mass’ and is more efficient than the classical ( u , p, w )‐format. Finally, the ( u , p)‐formatcan conveniently be implemented in existing FE‐codes based on the ‘added mass’ formulation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

雁列式断层变形过程中物理场演化的实验研究（一）

在双轴压缩条件下对挤压型和拉张型雁列式断层变形破坏过程中声发射、断层位移及应变场的时空演化进行了实验研究。研究表明，两类雁列式断层具有类似的变形破坏过程，即前期以雁列区的破裂贯通为主，后期以沿断层的滑动为主。但挤压型雁列区内可积累较高的应变能，有较强的应变释放和声发射活动，雁列区对滑动始终起着阻碍作用；而拉张型雁列区内难以产生快速的应变释放和较强的声发射活动，雁列区对后期的滑动也无明显的阻碍作用。两类雁列区贯通所引起的失稳均有明显的前兆，而在随后滑动过程中失稳前兆的出现，取决于断层不同部位或段落之间是否有应变传递     

雁列式断层变形过程中物理场演化的实验研究（二）

在双轴压缩条件下对由挤压型和拉张型雁列式断层组合而成的复杂雁列断层系变形过程中声发射、断层位移及应变的时空演化进行了实验研究，结果表明，复杂雁列式断层系的变形过程及相应的物理场演化并非是两种雁列式断层的简单叠加，而是包含着它们之间的相互作用。能量较强的声发射事件成核部位主要集中在应力水平较低的张性雁列区附近的主于断层上，而不是应力水平较高的压性雁列区，但这种事件发生的时间则明显受控于压性雁列区的变形过程     

常熟地震（Ms5.1）的前兆分布及其力学联系

本文分析讨论了１９９０年２月１０日常熟ＭＳ５．１地震前地电阻率、短水准、地应力、地倾斜、地下水等前兆异常现象的力学联系；建立了北西向压扭性断裂前兆分区模型，反映在不同区域里各种前兆均有其一定的表现特征，说明以力学联系为纽带，前兆异常时间与空间分布的咱应性是地震中期预测的一项重要指标，同时表明综合分析识别异常的必要性。     

Non‐linear seismic response of the rail‐counterweight system in elevators in buildings

Elevators in buildings serve a very important function and are among the critical components of an essential facility. They have several mechanical and electrical components that are known to be susceptible to damage during earthquake occurrences. The counterweights, being the heaviest, are among their most vulnerable components. The ASME code has made several provisions to improve the performance of the counterweights in seismic events. To evaluate their performance under code‐mandated provisions, it is necessary that a comprehensive and realistic analytical model is used. This paper uses a detailed model of a counterweight of a traction elevator to study its in‐plane and out‐of‐plane dynamic behavior. The model incorporates the multiple support inputs and flexibilities of the counterweight guidance system along with their non‐linearities caused by the clearance limitations. The study examines the effect of changing clearances, variability of input motions, and the use of tie brackets on the system response, and evaluates the impact of some of the code provisions on the dynamic behavior of the system. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

渤海湾西岸滩海地区沉积相特征及其物理力学性质

渤海湾西岸滩海地区沉积层的物理力学性质除受到随深度压缩固结的影响外,还取决于形成时的沉积环境。滩海地区浅部沉积由海相、陆相层交替叠覆而成。陆相层致密硬塑,含水量低,湿重度大,压缩性小,具有较高的承载能力。海相层含水量高,湿重度小,压缩性大,承载力低。