地下洞室黏弹性位移反分析模式分层运算

在洞室黏弹性位移参数反分析中,对分层优化方法存在初始值选取困难、计算量大等问题进行了探讨,提出了基于最小二乘法的模式分层运算方法,改变参数求解机制,避免了由于初始值选取不当造成迭代不收敛的现象,加强了求解搜索的有效性,提高解的精度和稳定性,通过工程实例进行验证。数值计算结果表明,模式分层运算对洞室黏弹性多参数位移反分析计算的结果真实、可靠。     

围岩作用下锚杆砂浆锈胀开裂过程分析

从砂浆锚杆锚固体自身的特点出发,借鉴钢筋混凝土结构锈胀开裂研究成果,对锚杆砂浆锈胀开裂过程进行了分析。考虑锚杆锈蚀体积膨胀过程,以填充系数表示砂浆开裂过程中锚杆锈蚀产物的损失,建立了锚杆锈蚀后砂浆内部位移模型,以弹性力学为基础,引入围岩参数影响系数概念,对锚杆锈蚀导致砂浆保护层开裂过程以及围岩参数对开裂过程的影响程度等进行了分析研究,并采用有限元分析方法对其进行了验证。理论分析结果表明,因锚杆锈蚀而导致的砂浆保护层开裂以及裂纹的扩展情况均与围岩特性密切相关,砂浆开裂后裂纹会经历一段稳定扩展过程,裂纹的最大稳定扩展半径随围岩参数影响系数的增加而增大,在合适的围岩参数条件下,裂纹可以一直稳定扩展致整个砂浆保护层外壁。有限元分析结论与理论结果一致。     

杭州某地铁站基坑开挖侧向位移预测与分析

介绍了杭州某地铁站基坑开挖过程中的监测的侧向位移变化情况,总结了其变化规律,对施工过程提供了参考。用FLAC软件对基坑的侧向位移进行了数值模拟,然后与实际监测结果进行了对比,阐述了影响模拟结果准确性的影响因素。     

河嘉203H含硫水平气井测试工艺实践

河嘉203H井是川东北河坝构造嘉二高压含硫气藏部署的第一口水平井,具有埋藏深、储层压力高、腐蚀分压高、地层易漏失、水平井压井堵漏难度大的特点,通过开展工具优选、管柱结构优化设计、流程优选,并对替浆、放喷油嘴控制及压井等主要工序的施工工艺参数进行研究,形成了河坝嘉二含硫气藏水平井测试工艺技术体系,并在河嘉203H井获得成功应用。     

Stress state in the Cuu Long and Nam Con Son basins, offshore Vietnam

The results presented in this paper are the first published estimates of the complete stress tensor in the Cuu Long and Nam Con Son basins, offshore Vietnam. We analysed in situ stress and pore pressure fields in the sedimentary formations using data from petroleum exploration and production wells to evaluate the stress state in these basins. The data were obtained from the seafloor to 4300 m burial depth and include both hydrostatic and overpressured sections. Minimum horizontal stresses were obtained from extended leak-off tests and mini-fracture tests. Maximum horizontal stresses were estimated from drilling-induced fracture parameters and borehole breakout widths in twelve wells using rock properties measured in the laboratory or estimated empirically from wireline logs. Seven data points are located in sediments, and seventeen data points in igneous basement rocks at depths greater than 3000 m.The estimated magnitudes of σ_H are 70-110% of the σ_v magnitudes. Considering the errors in the stress magnitude estimates, their relative magnitudes suggest that a borderline normal/strike-slip stress regime presently exists in normally pressured sequences of the Nam Con Son and Cuu Long basins. Of the twenty-four data points, twenty have effective stress ratios at a critical stress state for faulting on the assumption that there are faults present that are optimally oriented for failure with friction coefficients of ∼0.5. The results suggest that the stress state in these basins is generally critical.     

Stellar models and Hyades: the Hipparcos test

We compare theoretical stellar models for main sequence (MS) stars with the Hipparcos data base for the Hyades cluster to give a warning against the uncritical use of available theoretical scenarios and to show how formal MS fittings can be fortuitous if not fictitious. Moreover, we find that none of the current theoretical scenarios appears able to account for an observed mismatch between theoretical predictions and observations of the coolest Hyades MS stars. Finally, we show that current theoretical models probably give too faint He burning luminosities unlike the case of less massive He burning models, with degenerate progenitors, which have been suggested to suffer the opposite discrepancy.     

Multiple stellar populations in the Sextans dwarf spheroidal galaxy?

We present wide-field     multiband ( BVI ) CCD photometry (down to     of the very low surface brightness dwarf spheroidal galaxy Sextans. In the derived colour–magnitude diagrams we find evidence suggesting the presence of multiple stellar populations in this dwarf spheroidal. In particular, we discover (i) a blue horizontal branch tail that appears to lie on a brighter sequence with respect to the prominent red horizontal branch and the RR Lyrae stars, very similar to what was found by Majewski et al. for the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal, (ii) hints of a bimodal distribution in colour of the red giant branch stars, (iii) a double red giant branch bump. All of these features suggest that (at least) two components are present in the old stellar population of this galaxy: the main one with     and a minor component around     . The similarity to the Sculptor case may indicate that multiple star formation episodes are also common in the most nearby dwarf spheroidals that ceased their star formation activity at very early epochs.     

地面超载引起邻近埋地管道的位移分析

地基土承受超载作用时就会产生沉降,在土体沉降作用下埋置于其中的管道,管壁就会产生变形甚至破裂。为分析地面超载对临近地下管线的影响,基于温克勒（Winkler）弹性地基短梁理论,应用Boussinesq解,考虑地面超载引起下卧层的沉降及地基土体的侧向移动对管道的影响,建立地面超载对埋地管道影响的分析计算模型,并采用有限差分法进行求解;通过算例分析了超载大小、位置,管道刚度、埋深、管径以及土体性质对埋地管道位移的影响;结果表明：超载大小、管道的刚度、埋深、管径对地下管道位移的影响较大,而当地基基床系数和超载离管道的距离增大到一定值时,地面超载对其影响将减弱。因此,需要考虑邻近超载对管道的影响,合理制定埋地管道的保护措施。     

条形基础下水平布置纤维增强聚合物筋材地基试验研究

纤维增强聚合物(FRP)具有耐腐蚀、耐水、耐高温、高强度、高弹性模量、质量轻等优点,将其用作加筋材料不仅能显著提高加筋地基的加筋效果,还能有效解决传统加筋材料的耐久性问题。分别对纯砂和5种水平加筋方式进行了加筋地基模型试验,测试了各级荷载下的地基沉降、FRP的应变及土压力数值,并初步探讨了FRP加筋的作用机制。试验结果表明,加筋能显著提高地基承载力和减小地基沉降,特别是双层水平加筋方式的加筋效果更加明显,而锚固件的设置对加筋效果的影响并不大,水平FRP筋材主要起到了土压力扩散作用。