Momentum and energy balance equations for compacting sediments

Coupled energy and momentum balance equations are derived for a one-dimensional sequence of compacting sediments. These transient, nonlinear partial differential equations represent the one-dimensional equations of state for an accumulating sedimentary basin. A numerical solution is presented which provides a first-order approximation for porosity, temperature, and fluid pressures in the northern Gulf of Mexico. It seems that compaction disequilibrium is the primary mechanism for development of excess fluid pressures. Furthermore, the coupling of the equations demonstrates that temperature and pressure cannot be treated independently as may have been done in diagenetic studies. Some areas for further investigations are indicated.     

青岛地铁工程绿色施工评估体系初探

本文以青岛地铁3号线、2号线基坑工程为背景,针对基坑"土岩组合"的特点,研究施工过程中对环境污染与破坏的影响因素,提出地铁工程绿色施工内涵。在广泛调查基础上,确定了9个指标项,44个因素项,129个分因素项,提出绿色施工评价标准。通过层次分析计算指标与因素的权重,得到评价模型,对地铁工程绿色施工环境影响进行评价。研究结果表明,该评价模型简单易行,对推动地铁工程绿色施工具有现实意义。     

点态性质与一致性质的一个新关系

为了研究点态性质和一致性质之间的关系,应用紧性性质在拓扑意义下得到逐点有界性质蕴含一致有界性质的结论,并将其推广到连续函数族的情况.基于Baire定理,得到完备度量空间中的逐点收敛性质可导出一致有界性质的结论.     

组合数学在计算机科学中的应用

介绍了组合数学的概念、起源与研究的主要内容,分析了组合数学的特点,阐述了组合数学与计算机软件的联系,并着重通过两个例子说明了Ramsey数在计算机科学的信息检索、分组交换网设计分支中的重要应用.     

Estimation of parameters in petrologic materials balance equations

A rigorous treatment of the least-squares estimation of the parameters in petrologic materials balance equations is developed to take into account the uncertainties inherent in the chemical analyses. The choice of the optimal estimation procedure for a particular problem is dependent upon the extent of the petrogenetic understanding of the exact nature of the materials balance involved. Some of the complications entailed in obtaining least-squares estimates are illustrated by the examples of magmatic differentiation and metamorphic reactions.     

A piecewise exponential model for seismic well-logging data

Conventional methods of analyzing sonic log data do not always yield accurate information on each velocity segment of a well. It is shown here that the velocity-depth parameters and the sections of approximately constant velocity may be more precisely defined by using an exponential spline to model the data.     

General equations for volume and surface area of a logarithmically coiled shell

The equations of Moseley for the volume and surface area of a coiled shell have been rewritten in their most general forms. The general volume equation has been tested with 15 gastropods and found to give satisfactory results wherever there are no significant ontogenetic changes in the shell geometry. The equations provide a means for calculating the carbonate efficiency of a coiled shell. With this parameter analyzed into its component parts, it has been possible to understand the relationships between aspects of shell calcification and environmental factors that affect calcium carbonate availability. Preliminary studies indicate that it also may be possible to discriminate morphologically between terrestrial and aquatic gastropods, the various gastropod modes of life, and higher taxonomic categories. These equations offer possibilities for other studies concerned with the ecology, paleoecology, and evolution of coiled shells.     

数学在地图分析中的运用

数学一直是促进地图学形成独立学科体系的重要因素,而近年来地图生产、研究及应用的计量化,特别是在各种信息源数据的处理、数学模型的建立、地图应用分析的定量化等方面发挥了更大的作用。本文从理论结合实际的角度,对在地图的分析使用中进行各种量算、运用数理统计分析法和数学模型分析法提取地图信息作了具体分析,提出了数学在地图分析运用中的几种方法。     

基于AHP和模糊数学的河南省体育旅游资源评价研究

体育旅游是以体育资源为基础、吸引人们参与感受体育活动和大自然情趣的一种新的旅游形式,是体育产业的重要组成部分。河南省有着丰富的特色鲜明的体育旅游资源,在深入分析河南省体育旅游资源影响因素的基础上,建立了河南省体育旅游资源综合评价指标体系,通过发放调查问卷,处理问卷数据,运用层次分析法确定各层评价指标的权重,运用模糊数学的方法构建了模糊综合评价模型,并应用此模型对河南省体育旅游资源进行了客观评价。最后,针对评价结果提出深入开发特色优势体育旅游资源;重点突破,发展健身休闲参与型体育旅游产业;合理布局,培育一些吸引力强的体育旅游产品;统筹安排,促进河南体育旅游产业全面发展等建议。     

54与80坐标系转换数学模型研究

54北京坐标系与80西安坐标系转换计算,属54系与80系不同参考椭球下高斯—克吕格投影数据转换计算,因全国不同区域重力场的变化而无法用一个固定的参数或公式推算,能否另辟途径实现其精确算法。应用多元统计分析基础理论,研究二者互换随机数学模型,以福建省区域为例,成功实现大批数据坐标转换。