GPS／GLONASS组合定位中模糊度的处理

在对GPS／GLONASS组合定位的周跳探测和修复方法进行深入研究的基础上，论述了适合于两种数据联合解算的GPS／GLONASS模糊度迭代处理方法及相应的基于FARA方法的整周模糊度固定方法。在现有BERNESE Ver4.0GSP数据处理软件的基础上，增加及改进了其中的若干模块，从而研制出组合定位系统高精度数据处理软件，并进行了试验计算。结果表明，所开发的组合定位系统数据处理软件内、外符合精度均达到mm级，证明了这种高精度相对定位理论、方法、软件的正确性和可行性。     

工业CT在复合材料孔隙率分析中的应用

目的：研究应用高分辨率工业CT系统对陶瓷基复合材料的孔隙率进行分析的方法，材料和方法：采用俄罗斯INDINTRO公司的BT－50高分辨工业CT系统对陶瓷基复合材料试样进行CT扫描，用自行编制的后处理软件对得到的CT图像进行分析，得出材料的孔隙率，结果：通过此方法得出的结果与超声检测结果相符，说明用高分辨率工业CT系统测定复合材料的孔隙率是可行的，同时对材料进行缺陷检测，密度分析等。     

SST日变化对西太平洋暖池海表热通量季节内变化的影响

基于利用日最大太阳辐射、日平均海面风和日降水量近似计算海表温度(SST)日变化的振幅的方法，发展了一个计算SST日循环的参数化方案。利用周平均SST强迫美国国家大气研究中心(NCAR)的CCM3大气模式进行了有、无考虑SST日变化的比较试验。热带海洋与全球大气计划之耦合海气响应实验(TOGA COARE)的强化观测期间IMET浮标的逐时海表观测资料不仅验证了该参数化方案的合理性，也表明了利用参数化方案对强迫场SST迭加日变化使CCM3较真实地模拟出西太平洋暖池海表热通量的季节内变化的位相结构。     

A SIMULATION OF CO_2 UPTAKE IN A THREE DIMENSIONAL OCEAN CARBON CYCLE MODEL

A three-dimensional ocean carbon cycle model which is a general circulation model coupledwith simple biogeochemical processes is used to simulate CO_2 uptake by the ocean.The OGCMused is a modified version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory modular ocean model(MOM2).The ocean chemistry and a simple ocean biota model are included.Principal variablesare total CO_2,alkalinity and phosphate.The vertical profile of POC flux observed by sedimenttraps is adopted,the rain ratio,a ratio of production rate of calcite against that of POC,and thebio-production efficiency should be 0.06 and 2 per year,separately.The uptake of anthropogenicCO_2 by the ocean is studied.Calculated oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO_2 during the 1980s is2.05×10~(15)g(Pg)per year.The regional distributions of global oceanic CO_2 are discussed.     

地磁太阳黑子周变化起源的讨论

为了避开60年代末和70年代末Jerk(H)、Jerk(Z)的影响,分析了1979～1998年西欧4个台和1979～1999年亚洲东部6个台的H、Z资料,结果表明各台间H(或X)分量的太阳黑子周变化一致性较好.但Z分量的太阳黑子周变化显示出非常特别的现象,Z变化的相位随台站经度变化而变化,东亚地区的Z变化几乎与西欧地区的变化反向.因此,东亚地区的Z变化与H变化的关系不符合P01模式的假设,外源场之说似乎不能解释.     

Elastic-wave velocities for porous media with power-law distribution of pore sizes

 A system consisting of an elastic matrix with randomly distributed pores of uniform shapes but with sizes governed by a power-law distribution is investigated in a theoretical way. The velocities of elastic waves propagating through such a system are calculated. The obtained results are that the velocities decrease with increasing total porosity and for a given porosity velocities moderately decrease with increasing absolute value of the exponent D in a power-law distribution of pore sizes. Received: 3 July 1995 / Accepted: 2 August 1996     

寒冻条件下花岗岩小块体的风化模拟实验及其分析

５０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ的一些小花岗岩块体被单轴挤压使之表面出现裂隙，然后分别预处理成干燥、水饱和与硫酸钠溶液饱和的３组样品，使之经历不同温度变幅下的冻融过程。在冻融过程中，分别记录了样品表面、表面下１０ｍｍ及２５ｍｍ处的温度变化，同时在实验前后，对所有样品都进行了超声波传输速率测定和重量测定。实验结果表明，这些小的花岗岩块体表面与内部的温度变化没有明显差异，其温度变化随外界温度而变化，但在外界温度变幅整体低于０℃时，岩石温度逐渐趋于稳定。样品在实验前后的重量变化很小，但是仍能反映最大的变化发生在水饱和的一组样品中。所有样品在实验后的超声波传输速率都明显下降，特别是在垂直于微裂隙的方向，超声波传输速率下降大于平均下降幅度，表明冻融过程中岩石内部的孔隙可能增大而微裂隙具有明显的加剧作用。     

山岳型旅游地生命周期研究——安徽黄山、九华山实证分析

通过安徽黄山、九华山实证分析，研究了山岳型旅游地生命周期，认为黄山、九华山已经经历了旅游地生命周期的探索阶段、参与阶段，目前正处发展阶段。采取有效的措施，引导黄山、九华山向着生命周期成熟阶段演化是可能和必要的。     

江西修水地区震旦纪前后沉积岩的Nd同位素组成和物质来源

本文报导了江西修水地区前震旦系与震旦—寒武系沉积岩的Nd同位素组成。前震旦系浅变质沉积岩:~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd=0.512000～0.512214,ε_(Nd)(t)=-2.57～3.91,t_(DM)=1563～1859Ma;震旦—寒武系沉积岩:~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd=0.511710～0.511902,ε_(Nd)(t)=-8.04～-9.99,t_(DM)=1833～2426Ma。两者之间的显著差异反映了震旦纪前后沉积岩物质来源的不同及沉积构造环境的改变,前震旦纪地壳活动性强,沉积岩中含有较多的幔源物质;震旦纪以后地壳活动性减弱,沉积岩以陆壳再循环碎屑为主。     

Spatial and temporal variations of methanesulfonic acid and non sea salt sulfate in Antarctic ice

A simultaneous glaciochemical study of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) and non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO₄ ^-) has been conducted on the Antarctic plateau (South Pole, Vostok) and in more coastal regions. The objective was to investigate marine sulfur emissions in very remote areas. Firstly, our data suggest that MSA and nss-SO₄ present in antarctic ice are mainly marine in origin and that DMS emissions have been significantly modulated by short term (eg. El Nino Southern Oscillation events) as well as long term climatic changes in the past. Secondly, our study of spatial variations of these two sulfur species seems to indicate that the atmosphere of coastal antarctic regions are mainly supplied by local DMS emissions whereas the atmosphere of the high plateau is also influenced by DMS emissions from more temperate marine latitudes. Thirdly, our study of the partitioning between MSA and nss-SO₄ suggest that the temperature could have been an important parameter controlling the final composition of the high southern latitude atmosphere over the last climatic cycle; colder temperature favoring the formation of MSA. However, our data also support a possible role played by changes in the transport pattern of marine air to the high antarctic plateau.