基于气象资料变化特征和辐射传输模式的微波辐射计工作状态分析

提出利用晴天每天早晨08时的观测资料,以大气温度季节变化统计特征为依据,来判断微波辐射计观测期间的工作状态。简要介绍了大气微波辐射传输方程,以南京冬春季节大气温度变化的统计特征为依据,以2010年11月27日—2011年5月29日期间南京某辐射计08时晴天的实验观测资料为例,通过对其12个通道的亮温观测值和计算值进行统计对比和物理分析,给出该辐射计实验观测期间的工作状态判断,认为用于湿度遥感的22.235、23.035、23.835、26.235和30.000GHz五个通道观测期间工作状态良好、稳定,而用于温度遥感的51.25、52.28、53.85、54.94、56.66、57.29和58.80 GHz七个通道性能一直衰退。本文提出的方法可供微波辐射计工作状态监测和观测资料质量控制参考。     

两类La Nia季节演变过程的海气耦合特征对比

利用1951—2010年逐月的HadISST海表温度资料、SODA次表层海温资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料等,对比分析了东太平洋(EP型)La Nia和中太平洋(CP型)La Nia的海气耦合特征在季节演变过程中的差异。EP La Nia海表温度异常中心在发展年夏季出现于南美沿岸,随后向西移动,盛期最大海表温度异常中心位于赤道东太平洋,而CP La Nia海温异常中心少动,基本维持在160°W附近,其强度更强,持续时间更长。受海温分布形态影响,热带大气对两类La Nia的响应非常不同,成熟期间CP型在中太平洋偏旱的强度和范围比EP型大,且略偏西。发展年夏、秋季,北半球位势高度响应较弱;冬季,负PNA位相易伴随两类La Nia出现,但异常活动中心的位置和强度不同,在北大西洋其大气响应几乎相反,这些差异会引起显著不同的区域气候异常。     

Can management effort be predicted for marine protected areas? New considerations for network design

This study examined the level of management complexity (simultaneously occurring licensed human activities) within the currently designated Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Scottish waters and through modelling and statistical analysis determined which variables play an important role in defining the level of management effort required for each MPA. This study utilised surveyed distribution data for Priority Marine Features and modelled distribution data showing potential “Most Suitable” Priority Marine Feature habitat through the species distribution model, Maxent. Prediction indicators were developed through Spearman׳s Rank coefficients and a linear regression model. Results showed that, (1) there was a significant negative correlation between the management complexity score within 5 km of a MPA and the number of casework events (defined as any work or statutory consultation associated with an MPA, such as planning applications, discharges or new fisheries); and (2) a significant positive correlation between the number of casework events and location, number of features, and the type of features and most suitable scores. Calculations showed that Lochs Duich, Long and Alsh, Loch Sunart, Loch Sween and Loch Creran may potentially require most effort to manage once they are designated as MPAs. This study showed that it is possible to evaluate options within an MPA network to achieve cost effective options for the biodiversity and socio-economic objectives of MPA networks and that some MPAs are likely to be more efficient than others in terms of management time.     

Land cover classification of finer resolution remote sensing data integrating temporal features from time series coarser resolution data

Land cover classification of finer resolution remote sensing data is always difficult to acquire high-frequency time series data which contains temporal features for improving classification accuracy. This paper proposed a method of land cover classification with finer resolution remote sensing data integrating temporal features extracted from time series coarser resolution data. The coarser resolution vegetation index data is first fused with finer resolution data to obtain time series finer resolution data. Temporal features are extracted from the fused data and added to improve classification accuracy. The result indicates that temporal features extracted from coarser resolution data have significant effect on improving classification accuracy of finer resolution data, especially for vegetation types. The overall classification accuracy is significantly improved approximately 4% from 90.4% to 94.6% and 89.0% to 93.7% for using Landsat 8 and Landsat 5 data, respectively. The user and producer accuracies for all land cover types have been improved.     

南平市红星滑坡泥石流特征及成因

该滑坡泥石流特征为,流域面积小,流程短,规模小,以坡面型为主,多由滑坡崩塌转化而来,发生频率低,突发性强,危害大。文章揭示在植被覆盖的花岗岩地区,持续强降雨引发群发性浅层土质滑坡,在斜坡微凹处或小沟谷,易转化成泥石流,形成灾害链。对该类型滑坡泥石流特征及成因进行分析,为福建省乃至全国同类型滑坡-泥石流的防治提供经验。     

贵州刘家田井田测井曲线特征及在煤岩层对比中的应用

刘家田井田含煤地层龙潭组为海陆交互相沉积,含煤23~33层,可采煤层11层。含煤地层分上、中、下三段,上、中段视电阻率、自然伽马及伽马伽马曲线除了在煤层上呈异常反映外,其余地层测井曲线特征不明显;12、17号煤层视电阻率和伽马伽马曲线呈高幅值箱状反映,自然伽马曲线呈低幅值反映;视电阻率曲线在17号至24号煤层之间存在厚层高异常反映。下段自然伽马曲线有4~7处高幅值异常反映特征。在上、中、下段测井曲线特征对比基础上,利用标志层、煤组特征等对比法进行了煤层对比,大大提高了对比的可靠性。     

新疆西天山哈勒尕提-木祖克铁铜铅锌矿床地质特征及成矿条件分析

哈勒尕提-木祖克铁铜铅锌矿床是近年来在新疆西天山博罗科努成矿带内发现的一处典型的矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床,目前为中型规模,有达到大型矿床的潜力。矿体赋存于大瓦布拉克岩体与上奥陶统呼独克达坂组(O3h)大理岩、大理岩化灰岩的接触带。成矿受岩浆岩、地层岩性和接触带构造"三位一体"联合控制。大瓦布拉克岩体主要岩性为二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩,岩石地球化学显示高硅、准铝、低镁、富碱、富钾,为I型花岗岩,富集大离子亲石元素,相对亏损高场强元素,具俯冲带岩浆岩的地球化学特点。呼独克达坂组(O3h)碳酸盐岩地球化学性质活泼且富含铜、锌,有利于含矿热液交代成矿,是区域找矿的优势层位。接触带构造既是成矿地球化学障,又是良好的成矿热液运移通道,直接控制着矿体的产出。     

内蒙古中部地区岩矿石磁化率特征

为了解内蒙古中部的锡林浩特、巴林左旗等地区岩矿石磁性特征,更好地对该地区的航磁异常进行综合解释,使用航遥中心研制的ZH-1磁化率仪,于2009~2011年间先后四次在该地区进行了野外岩矿石磁化率实测。并在统计、分析实测磁化率数据的基础上,研究了该地区岩矿石磁化率分布情况,分别叙述了区内沉积岩、侵入岩、火山岩、变质岩、矿石及围岩等各种类型岩矿石的磁化率特征,对岩矿石磁化率与航磁、矿产间的联系进行探讨,为磁法勘查解释、地质找矿提供了重要依据。     

地-井瞬变电磁井旁板状导体异常响应特征分析

在实际工作中,地-井瞬变电磁井旁盲矿的异常响应受多种因素影响,曲线特征复杂。为了研究井旁板状导体位置、埋深、产状等参数对地-井瞬变电磁异常响应的影响,这里通过数值模拟计算了四类39个理论模型,分析了板状导体倾角、埋深变化及其与钻孔距离、相对位置变化的异常响应,总结了响应特征与板体几何参数之间的内在联系规律,为定性或半定量解释井旁盲矿异常提供了依据。     

吉林省梅河口市张家沟区金矿床成矿地质特征及找矿方向

吉林省梅河口市张家沟区金矿床矿体位于槽台过渡带靠近台区一侧,且基底岩系金丰度值高。区域构造结点有隐爆角砾岩筒存在,岩筒内有硫化物-石英细脉、网脉出现。找矿重点区域应为靠近烟筒桥子一侧的火山角砾岩筒之中。