湖南道县铁锰矿区岩溶发育影响因素分析

湖南道县铁锰矿区岩溶发育主要受地层岩性、地形地貌、断裂构造等因素的控制,岩溶形态主要有溶洞、暗河、溶沟、溶槽、漏斗、落水洞和溶蚀洼地等,岩溶非均一性特征明显。在地层岩性上,以矿区CaO含量最高的上泥盆统佘田桥组和锡矿山组下段二至四层白云质灰岩、白云岩与锡矿山组下段第一层泥灰岩、泥质灰岩隔水层交界部位岩溶最为发育,佘田桥组见溶洞260个,占总溶洞数的96.7%。在平面上,岩溶以中部及北部地势平坦的覆盖岩溶区最为发育,见洞率54.8%,其次是岩石裸露的东部及南部低山丘陵区,矿区南部见洞率40.4%。在垂向上,由浅及深岩溶发育由强至弱,标高0~220m钻孔揭露溶洞237个,占溶洞总数的86.5%,-150~0m揭露溶洞28个,占溶洞总数的10.2%,-400m以下无溶洞及溶蚀现象。在地质构造上,断裂及其影响带岩溶较发育,断裂带见溶洞209个,占总见洞数的76.3%,且溶洞充填率较高。      

Geology and geochemistry of fault-hosted hydrothermal and sedimentary manganese deposits in the Oakover Basin,east Pilbara,Western Australia

Manganese mineralisation in the Oakover Basin is associated with Mesoproterozoic extension, basin formation and deposition of the Manganese Group. The underlying basement architecture of the Oakover Basin (a local half-graben geometry), inherited from the Neoarchean rifting event, plays an important role on the distribution, style and timing of manganese deposits. Fault-hosted manganese deposits are dominant along the ‘active’ faulted eastern margin, whereas flat-lying sedimentary deposits are dominant along the western ‘passive’ margin reflecting differences in ore-forming processes. The large number of significant manganese deposits in the Oakover Basin, previously thought to reflect a spatial association with Carawine Dolomite, more likely reflects the restricted nature of the Mesoproterozoic basin and development of a large reservoir of Mn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ in an anoxic zone of a stratified basin. Low O₂ conditions in the basin were caused by a paleotopographic high forming a barrier to open ocean circulation. The western margin sedimentary deposits formed later than the fault-hosted hydrothermal deposits along the eastern margin, once a significant reservoir of Mn²⁺ and Fe²⁺ had developed, and when there was sufficient subsidence to allow migration of the redox front onto the shallow shelf, with Mn precipitation on and within the seafloor sediments. The sedimentary manganese deposits are not uniformly distributed along the western edge of the basin; instead they are concentrated into discrete areas (e.g. Mt Cooke–Utah–Mt Rove, Bee Hill, Skull Springs and the Ripon Hills districts), suggesting a degree of structural control on their distribution. Fault-hosted manganese is observed beneath and adjacent to many of the sedimentary deposits. Marked geochemical differences are observed between the Woodie Woodie hydrothermal deposits and the sedimentary deposits. Woodie Woodie deposits display higher Ba, U, Mo, As, Sn, Bi, Pb, S and Cu than the sedimentary deposits, reflecting the composition of the hydrothermal fluids. The Al₂O₃ values of the Ripon Hills and Mt Cooke deposits are much higher than the Woodie Woodie deposits, reflecting the composition of the dominant host rock, as Al₂O₃ is typically <5 wt% in the Carawine Dolomite, but is >10 wt% in basal shale units of the Manganese Group. Highly variable Mn:Fe ratios (?5:1) in the hydrothermal manganese at Woodie Woodie reflects rapid deposition of Mn in and around fault zones. In contrast, slower accumulation of Mn oxides on and within the seafloor to form the large sedimentary deposits results in Mn:Fe ratios closer to 1:1 and elevated Co + Ni and REE values.     

重庆高燕锰矿床含锰碳酸盐岩稀土元素特征

重庆城口高燕锰矿属于大型碳酸盐锰矿床。文章在系统野外地质调查及样品采集基础上,结合前人研究工作,采用等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)分析了高燕矿区师家沟、板相沟及750平硐样品的稀土元素含量。分析结果显示,其稀土元素总量范围49.79×10~(-6)~281.24×10~(-6),平均含量125.92×10~(-6);轻重稀土比值范围1.79~3.58,显示轻稀土元素富集,且轻稀土元素之间的分馏程度高于重稀土元素;w(La)/w(Ce)=0.36~0.93,δEu=1.13~2.96,呈现弱正铕异常;δCe=2.09~5.84,有强的正铈异常。认为含锰碳酸盐岩形成于强还原的碱性环境沉积过程中,且有热水参与,成岩成矿的温度小于250℃,锰富集阶段处于滨岸的高能环境中。CeS10在本区具有示矿作用。     

淮北平原浅层地下水中铁和锰的空间差异性及影响因素

通过常规和地统计学分析,查明淮北平原浅层地下水中铁锰含量的空间差异性,得出变异函数图符合指数模型,二者都由结构性因素引起。对其空间分布特征进行分析表明,铁、锰在空间呈现相同的分布趋势,超标区主要分布在地势低洼地和低山丘陵区,其含量与岩土成分、地下水所处的氧化还原环境、地下水径流条件、酸碱性等有关。      

我国南方主要锰矿找矿远景区内弧形构造带特征及其找矿预测

我国南方主要锰矿找矿远景区中,大多发育由锰矿控矿褶皱、破矿断裂为主组成的控矿弧形构造带,为逆冲-推覆（重力滑覆）褶断构造带,其低角度的叠瓦状逆冲断层、双重逆冲构造常常造成含锰岩系地层的多次上、下重叠,较多较好地保存了原生锰矿层,但有些破矿断层将含锰岩系错断至深部,被保存下来成为隐伏矿。本文综合归纳逆冲推覆（重力滑覆）构造特征及控矿特征;研究了分布在湘西-滇东一带的湘黔渝毗连区、湘中、黔东南-湘西南、桂中、湘中南、桂西南、滇东南等主要锰矿找矿远景区中发育的弧形逆冲推覆（重力滑覆）构造带特征;对湘西-滇东地区发育的6个主要锰矿找矿远景区内弧形构造带进行了找矿预测,圈定找矿靶区50余处,预测锰矿石资源量26亿吨,为未来锰矿深地探测及资源基地综合调查评价提供新的找矿思路及调查评价方向。     

岩土介质中锰的吸附、解吸行为研究

通过吸附、物理解吸及化学解吸试验,模拟地下水污染特征,进而研究地下水重金属污染作用机理.结果表明,供试土壤对锰具有较强吸附能力,其吸附以化学吸附为主,占总吸附量的 90.94%.供试土壤对其吸持能力较强,不易于其迁移,但很容易造成土壤富集,通过植被进入生态系统,危害人体健康.     

滇东南法郎组含锰地层沉积相分析

滇东南中三叠统法郎组是重要的含锰地层,前人对其沉积环境的认识却存在着深水浊流沉积和浅水潮坪沉积的争议。本文通过对建水-开远地区典型剖面的研究,认为法郎组为浊积扇沉积。法郎组底部为碳酸盐滑塌沉积、碎眉流沉积与泥岩粉砂岩互层,中上部逐渐由外扇渐变为中扇辫状水道和辫状水道间沉积,顶部为内扇补给水道和溢岸沉积。相对海水深度总体表现为在拉丁早期逐渐加深,到拉丁中晚期有逐渐变浅。锰矿层主要发育在底部的碎屑流沉积中,其彤成可能与拉丁早期相对水深的增高有关。     

印尼古邦岛(KUPANG)卡菲默纳努(KEFAMENANU)千岛矿区 锰矿地质特征及成因探讨

印尼千岛锰矿贮存于白垩系上统砂岩、泥岩中,呈层状、似层状产出,具有层控特征,局部遭受断裂构造破坏。通过对矿区成矿地质条件分析,初步认为矿床属于海相碎屑沉积类型锰矿床,具有较好的找矿远景。     

基于GIS的证据权重法在桂西南地区优质锰矿成矿预测中的应用

文章针对传统缓冲区方法在证据因子构造方面的局限性、证据因子设置的主观性及证据因子二值化时的信息损失等问题,引入场模型表达线状地质体对成矿的影响作用,提出利用线性回归分析结果来筛选证据因子.在桂西南优质锰矿形成条件分析的基础上,利用GIS空间分析方法构造了优质锰矿的地层与岩性、同沉积断裂、沉积盆地、沉积相、岩性组合、地层...     

铁锰氧化物对苯酚氧化降解的实验研究

为了考察铁锰氧化物对酚类污染物的氧化降解能力,采用天然以及合成的铁锰氧化物对苯酚的氧化降解进行对比实验研究.土壤中铁锰氧化物样品分别为天然针铁矿及氧化锰,合成铁锰氧化物样品分别为合成针铁矿及软锰矿.结果表明:苯酚与铁锰氧化物发生氧化还原作用时,还可能与土壤中杂质发生吸附等作用;铁锰氧化物还原反应强度随着反应介质pH值的...