Testing the effects of positional uncertainty on spatial decision‐making

There is now increasing agreement that the uncertainty associated with spatial information should be represented to users in a manner that is comprehensive and unambiguous. To assist with this task, researchers have developed a variety of methods to portray spatial uncertainty. While there has been some testing of the effectiveness of these displays, the possible effects of such representations on decision‐making have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Indeed, studies from the psychological literature indicate that people do not always make the same decisions when presented with the same information, and they can also be sensitive to the effects of presentation, task, and context. This paper examines how the use of four different methods to represent positional uncertainty can affect spatial decision‐making. The authors found that extremely significant differences in participants' responses were exhibited, depending on the manner in which positional uncertainty was displayed, although little difference was observed in the ability of the participants to comprehend the four display methods. In addition, strong preferences were recorded for certain representations over others.     

试论电子政务空间辅助决策环境的建立

本文简要介绍了在全球范围兴起的电子政务的发展状况 ,分析了电子政务与空间辅助决策的关系 ,对电子政务空间数据框架的建立、电子政务空间辅助决策软件平台开发等技术问题进行了探讨。最后 ,对电子政务空间辅助决策应用系统建设应注意的问题等主题进行了探讨     

统计分析模型管理工具实现及其在空间辅助决策系统中的应用

本文分析了统计分析模型在空间辅助决策系统应用中存在的问题,以统计学知识为基础,借鉴软件发展的新技术,提出了统计分析模型管理工具实现策略,着重论述了如何实现统计分析模型管理工具、模型的存储方法以及应用接口,并给出了该工具的应用实例。该工具能够动态管理各种统计分析模型、管理统计数据以及统计分析结果显示表达等功能,在应用方面提供了工具型与服务型的两类应用接口,可以满足不同应用层次的用户需求,使统计分析模型可以更加方便的应用到空间辅助决策系统中。     

新一轮土地利用总体规划修编思路探讨——以即墨市土地利用总体规划修编为例

通过即墨市土地利用总体规划修编试点工作,提出了县级土地利用规划修编思路:力求土地利用现状数据可靠,实现图(实地)数一致;要对土地资源利用状况进行全面地分析;要科学地预测各业用地,综合协调和平衡用地规模;要运用专家论证与公众参与相结合的方法,逐步优化规划方案;应积极采用信息技术,并结合制度创新提高规划的科学性和可行性。     

Decoding urban development dynamics through actor-network methodological approach

Due to growing social and physical transformations, contemporary cities reveal the profound necessity of proper scientific approaches that are adjusted to conditions of global complexity and dynamic patterns of development. Predominance of an overall market economy, sporadic deregulations of administrative powers and a lack of local investment or resources, dominate urban reality. Incongruous urban decision-making procedures result in contextually inappropriate and incoherent urban management. We will explore these operational elements in Savamala neighbourhood in Belgrade. The actor-network theory (ANT) is applied to analyse the hyper dynamic circumstances of transition in Serbia. An unclear regulatory framework, powerful financial means for investment and limited institutional influence of citizen participation, deploy unstable urban development modalities at the neighbourhood level. ANT offers an insight into how urban norms, projections and structures unfold and how associations and translations of urban elements develop. Plausible yet complex collisions in Savamala constitute a challenge for ANT in mapping urban development processes and visualizing actors and networks through diagrams. Based on the presented results, the illustrative perspective of ANT minimalizes both the importance and the influence of the permanence of urban structures across time and space. Instead, ANT deals with a city as a contingent, fragmentary and heterogeneous, yet persistent product of actors, their roles, associations, agencies and networks. Possible adaptations of ANT should respond to the needs of non-scientific actors and practitioners for an interpretive tool that addresses undercover processes and mechanisms or provides explanations, recommendations or operational diagnoses on how to absorb urban development dynamics.     

关于福建印支运动性质的讨论

福建印支期强烈的抬升和伸展现象的地质事实已为广大地质工作者所公认，从抬升造陆作用，褶皱造山作用两探讨了印支运动的性质，认为鲆支运行的褶皱造山特征不明显，而隆升造陆特征显著。     

射流式水泥浆液制造器的研究

在分析人工造浆阶段和风动造浆阶段原理及优缺点的基础上,开发研制出射流式水泥液制造器。通过对该设备主要构成部分结构的介绍,说明了其工作原理和使用方法。焦煤集团九里山矿14101工作面和古汉山矿11092(西)工作面的堵水实践证明,该设备的堵水率为100%,不仅可以提高注浆的速度及质量,降低劳动强度,改善注浆工地环境条件,而且具有价格便宜、设备安装简便、操作简单、容易维护,不受场地、注浆量大小、注浆点远近的限制等优点。     

A decision support system using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) for the optimal environmental reclamation of an open-pit mine

The selection of an optimal reclamation method is one of the most important factors in open-pit design and production planning. It also affects economic considerations in open-pit design as a function of plan location and depth. Furthermore, the selection is a complex multi-person, multi-criteria decision problem. The group decision-making process can be improved by applying a systematic and logical approach to assess the priorities based on the inputs of several specialists from different functional areas within the mine company. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) can be very useful in involving several decision makers with different conflicting objectives to arrive at a consensus decision. In this paper, the selection of an optimal reclamation method using an AHP-based model was evaluated for coal production in an open-pit coal mine located at Seyitomer region in Turkey. The use of the proposed model indicates that it can be applied to improve the group decision making in selecting a reclamation method that satisfies optimal specifications. Also, it is found that the decision process is systematic and using the proposed model can reduce the time taken to select a optimal method.     

A bridge too far? The influence of socio-cultural values on the adaptation responses of smallholders to a devastating pest outbreak in cocoa

The influence of socio-cultural factors on the adaptive capacity, resilience and trade-offs in decision-making of households and communities is receiving growing scholarly attention. In many partly transformed societies, where the market economy is not well developed, livelihood practices are heavily structured by kinship and indigenous social and economic values. Farm investment decisions and incentives to produce agricultural commodities are shaped by a host of considerations in addition to market imperatives like profit. In one such partly transformed society in East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, we examine the adaptation decisions of smallholders in response to the drastic drop of yield in their cocoa plots caused by the sudden outbreak of Cocoa Pod Borer. To explain why the impact of the pest has been so great we examine the interconnections between household responses, the local socio-cultural and economic context of smallholder commodity crop production and the wider institutional environment in which household choices and decisions are made. We argue that the significant lifestyle changes and labour intensive farming methods required for the effective control of Cocoa Pod Borer are incompatible with existing smallholder farming systems, values and livelihoods. To adopt a high input cropping system requires more than a technical fix and some training; it also requires abandoning a ‘way of life’ that provides status, identity and a moral order, and which is therefore highly resistant to change. The paper highlights the enduring influence and significance of local, culturally-specific beliefs and socio-economic values and their influence on how individuals and communities make adaptation decisions.     

论1530年涠洲岛东南海域地震及其强度

本文论述了1530年10月对广西合浦与广东海康产生震感的地震是一次海上地震,通过特定作图法得到其震中位于涠洲岛东南13km的海中(21°00′N,109°15′E),推测其震中烈度为Ⅶ度强,震级为5 3/4级。根据历史资料的记述,1530年10月地震是在同一地区相隔数小时内连续发生的两次震级相近似的地震。此外,本文对涠洲岛周围海域区之地质构造作了论述,指出这里发生中强及强震的地质构造条件是充分的,今后对该区的地震危险性应给予重视。