冲绳海槽中部表层沉积物的成因矿物学研究

研究样品由“向阳红16号”于1992年6～7月间取自冲绳海槽中部。对表层沉积物中>63μm粒级的石榴石和磁铁矿进行显微镜、扫描电镜能谱分析以及人工神经网络(B-P网络)的应用。研究表明,陆架边缘和槽坡的石榴石、磁铁矿主要来源于东海大陆架;槽底的石榴石部分来源于槽坡,部分属于海底火山或海底热液成因;槽底中北部的磁铁矿主要来源于火山活动,槽底南部的磁铁矿则可能主要来自于岛坡。     

The thermal field in a basin after a sudden passive pure shear lithospheric extension and sublithospheric mechanical erosion:the case of the Tuscan Basin (Italy)

A simple new model for sudden lithospheric thinning that considers the crust to be stretched and the lower layer of the lithosphere to be partially stretched and partially mechanically eroded is proposed. This model allows calculation of the thermal field of the lithosphere during the initial warming phase and the surface uplift.
Application of this model to the Tuscan Basin explains the high regional heat flux density values (>100 mW m⁻² ), the tectonic subsidence (about 1 km) and the average uplift (>400 m) observed in this region well.     

塔里木大火成岩省皮羌层状岩体的矿物结晶顺序和钒钛磁铁矿矿石成因探讨

距今约276 Ma的皮羌层状岩体位于塔里木板块西缘,是二叠纪塔里木大火成岩省的组成部分。岩体主要由辉长岩组成并赋存大型钒钛磁铁矿矿床。矿物结构和磁铁矿、钛铁矿和单斜辉石成分变化特征表明,矿物结晶顺序为单斜辉石+斜长石→磁铁矿+钛铁矿。磁铁矿中V2O3含量变化于0.49%~0.97%,说明岩浆演化过程氧逸度较低(相似文献   

莱州市大浞河铁矿矿床地质特征及找矿方向

大浞河铁矿赋存在古元古代粉子山群底部的小宋组层间破碎带内,该组地层是矿床主要的矿源层。根据论证后的工业指标对矿床进行重新圈定及评价,并对矿床地质特征、主要控矿因素、矿体赋存规律及找矿标志进行浅析,以利于矿山地质找矿工作的开展。     

Using sediment travel distance to estimate medium‐term erosion rates: a 16‐year record

Fine grained (80 µm) magnetite was introduced onto a semi‐arid grassland hillslope in 1992, as part of a set of rainfall‐simulation experiments. Using measurements of magnetic susceptibility, the median distance travelled by these magnetite grains during subsequent natural runoff events in the 16‐year period up to 2008 was estimated. Coupling this estimate to direct measurements of sediment flux obtained during the rainfall‐simulation experiments has enabled estimation of the erosion rate over this period. The estimated average erosion rate of between 2·61 × 10^?2 and 4·36 × 10^?2 kg m^?1 year^?1, is equivalent to a rate of ground lowering between 0·020 and 0·033 mm year^?1. This estimate is consistent with (in the sense of being less than) an estimate of total sediment detachment over the same period. The rate of erosion measured using this travel‐distance approach is an order of magnitude less that obtained from a study based on ¹³⁷Cs in a nearby catchment, and compatible with the longevity of continents. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A theoretical and experimental comparison of the anisotropies of magnetic susceptibility and remanence in rocks and minerals

Summary. Susceptibility, thermo-remanent magnetization (TRM) and isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM) anisotropy ellipsoids have been determined for several rock samples. The results indicate that the ellipsoid of initial susceptibility is less anisotropic than the TRM and low field IRM ellipsoids which are found experimentally to be of identical shape. This suggests that palaeomagnetic data for anisotropic rocks may be corrected by using the anisotropy ellipsoid determined from magnetically non-destructive low field IRM measurements. Such IRM measurements can also be used to obtain anisotropy axes of samples which are inherently anisotropic but which have a susceptibility which is too weak to be accurately measured. The results for a series of artificial anisotropic samples containing magnetite particles of different sizes (in the range 0.2–90 μm) were very similar to those for the rocks. In contrast, a comparison of the susceptibility and IRM ellipsoids for anisotropic samples containing particles from a magnetic tape gave very different results in accordance with theory. Such results imply that susceptibility and IRM ellipsoids could be used to determine whether anisotropic rocks contain uniaxial single-domain particles (magnetization confined to the easy axis) or whether the particles are essentially multidomain.     

An analysis of medium losses in coal washing plants

A major operating cost in dense-medium separation is in replacement of lost medium solids. The loss of medium solids, being costly, plays a crucial role in determining the economics of any preparation operation. Coal washeries that employ dense-medium cyclones often attempt optimization of the processes by varying the vortex or the spigot diameter and the feed relative density. While these changes help in closer control of the separation process, they also result in medium losses due to changes in the medium split ratio (ratio of the medium flow rate in overflow to underflow). Since medium solids are lost by adhesion to products and as magnetic separator effluent, the effect of the change in medium split ratio on the drain-and-rinse screens and, hence, the magnetic separator circuit needs to be studied. In Tata Steel's coal washeries, at Jharkhand India, which employs primary and secondary dense-medium cyclones in series to produce clean coal, middlings and rejects, reducing the relative density of feed medium, had an insignificant effect on the medium split ratio. On the other hand, changing the cone ratio (ratio of the overflow diameter to the underflow diameter) changed the relative density and the flow rates through the cyclone outlets, thus affecting the performance of the magnetite recovery circuit.A systematic study through laboratory tests and a detailed plant sampling campaign helped in identifying the causes of magnetite loss. Upon implementation of the recommendations, the magnetite losses decreased, resulting in a saving of approximately US$27,500 per annum. The study also helped in evolving some checkpoints for plant operators for identifying magnetite losses.     

西天山敦德铁矿床磁铁矿原位LA-ICP-MS元素分析及意义

敦德铁矿床是天山成矿带内新近发现并勘查的一处大型海相火山岩型铁矿床。该矿床的矿石可划分为浸染状、稠密浸染状、条带状和块状4种主要类型。其中的条带状矿石包括磁铁矿_矽卡岩条带和磁铁矿_方解石条带2种亚类型。块状矿石内出现围岩或矽卡岩角砾时则构成角砾状矿石,其磁铁矿的成因无甚差异。根据野外观察和矿相显微研究,认为磁铁矿形成于早期矽卡岩阶段后的退化蚀变阶段,之后又被更晚的硫化物阶段和绿泥石_碳酸盐阶段的矿物叠加。敦德磁铁矿内主要发生了Al、Mn、Mg和Zn的类质同象置换,此外,也含有Ti、Si、Ca等次要元素以及Na、K、V、Cr、Ni、Co等多种可检测到的微量元素。磁铁矿内元素含量在空间上显示出直观的差异,由深部到浅部,Mn、Zn含量升高,Si、Ca、Na、K、Pb、Ba、Sr、Sb、Cu等含量降低。在Ti O2_Al2O3_Mg O图解、Ti O2_Al2O3_(Mg O+Mn O)图解和Ca+Al+Mn_Ti+V图解上,敦德磁铁矿的分析数据均投影于热液交代(矽卡岩)成因区域。综上认为,该矿床的磁铁矿可能为热液充填交代成因。