Chemistry of magnetite-apatite from albitite and carbonate-hosted Bhukia Gold Deposit,Rajasthan, western India – An IOCG-IOA analogue from Paleoproterozoic Aravalli Supergroup: Evidence from petrographic,LA-ICP-MS and EPMA studies

The Bhukia gold (+copper) deposit hosted by albitite and carbonates that occur within the Paleoproterozoic Aravalli-Delhi Fold Belt (ADFB) in western India consists of magnetite, graphite, apatite and tourmaline along with sulfide mineralization. Ubiquitous presence of magnetite and apatite in gold-sulfide association, alteration patterns and shear controlled mineralization suggest it to be IOCG (Iron-oxide copper gold) type deposits. The detailed mineral chemistry of magnetite and apatite are generated and interpreted in terms of their genetic significance, hydrothermal and magmatic origin vis-à-vis their affiliation with IOCG deposition. The data suggest that the magnetite has hydrothermal affiliation. The Ni/Cr ratio is greater than 1, which is explained by differences in solubility and mobility of Ni and Cr in hydrothermal fluids and is corroborated with other key evidences including that of wide ranging Mg concentration further supports a strong hydrothermal input that is envisaged for the deposition of magnetite. Concentration of vanadium in magnetite is generally <1000 ppm in case of barren hydrothermal occurrences while in the study area, it is relatively higher as it is attributed to the gold-sulfide-Cu mineralization. Ti vs Ni/Cr, Ni/(Cr+Mn) vs Ti+V, Ca+Al+Mn vs Ti+V and Al+Mn vs Ti+V variations are interpreted in terms of magnetite genesis. EPMA data suggests that apatite present in Bhukia is of fluorapatite variety with F content >1 wt% and F/Cl >1. Higher concentration of F and moderate Mn along with lower concentration of Cl attests their magmatic hydrothermal character and its derivation from meta-volcano sedimentary source. REE patterns obtained from LA-ICP-MS analysis suggest enrichment of LREE relative to MREE and HREE with negative Eu anomaly. Y/∑REE, La/Sm, Ce/Th and Eu/Eu¹ vs Ce/Ce¹ values of apatite is indicative of their origin in a highly oxidized environment. Presence of magnetite along with apatite is a common feature in IOCG-IOA (Iron-Oxide Apatite) association. Bhukia Gold Deposit has many similarities with Kiruna type Iron-Oxide Apatite (IOA) deposits particularly with respect to their similar tectonic setting, alteration patterns, mineral assemblages such as abundance of magnetite, apatite and presence of late stage sulfides based on EPMA and Laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) studies. Lithological, petro-mineralogical and geochemical signatures of magnetite and apatite infer that the Bhukia is a possible IOCG-IOA type gold deposit typically associated with sulfides and graphite which may be used as petrogenetic indicators and pathfinders for exploration.     

AMT在印尼某铁矿区勘查中的应用

以印尼某铁矿区为例,说明AMT法寻找隐伏铁矿的有效性。配合磁法,利用AMT法的低阻体圈定隐伏磁铁矿,为钻孔设计及矿山开发提供了物探依据,在国际化的商业勘查中取得了良好的勘探效果。     

磁铁矿-磷灰石型铁矿的实验模拟研究进展与展望

磁铁矿-磷灰石(IOA)型铁矿,或称基鲁纳型(Kiruna)铁矿,或称陆相火山岩型铁矿,在时空上常常与碱性-钙碱性的(次)火山岩有着紧密联系。该类型矿床在世界范围内广泛产出,发育特征的磁铁矿-磷灰石-阳起石矿物组合,但其成因还存在广泛争议。文章介绍并归纳了成岩成矿实验在IOA型矿床相关的岩浆原生过程方面取得的最新进展,包括液态不混溶作用、岩浆磁铁矿-气泡悬浮模式和阳起石岩浆成因的实验验证,探讨了磁铁矿以及磷灰石通过液态不混溶作用和气泡悬浮完成超常富集形成铁矿浆的可能性。在此基础上,指出了相关实验目前尚存在的问题及未来的研究方向。     

阶段磨选工艺在白云鄂博磁铁矿选矿中的应用

白云鄂博磁铁矿是由沉积变质并经多期热液叠加形成,矿石矿物间嵌布关系复杂,嵌布粒度细.为进一步提高白云鄂博磁铁矿选矿铁精矿品位,降低有害杂质含量,采用阶段磨选工艺流程后的铁精矿品位达到66.91％,回收率为73.12％,与原连续磨矿分级—弱磁选—反浮选工艺流程相比,精矿品位和回收率同时提高,选别指标有了明显改善.     

鄂东南矿集区铁山铁矿床中磁铁矿元素

中国东部中生代经受由挤压向伸展的构造转换,为中酸性岩浆的运移和上侵提供了构造通道和空间,因此湖北东南部铁山铁矿床的成矿作用与燕山中晚期的中酸性岩浆侵入作用关系密切。许多学者对铁山铁矿床的矿床地质特征、成矿流体性质、控矿构造等问题进行了相应的研究,但对成矿物质来源、矿床成因、成矿流体温度、以及太平洋板块俯冲背景等的认识缺乏地球化学依据。本文在详细研究铁山铁矿床成矿地质背景和总结前人有关研究成果的基础上,通过电子探针和LA-ICP-MS原位分析,研究了该地区的磁铁矿元素的地球化学特征,认为铁山铁矿床主要存在镁矽卡岩型和岩浆—热液复合型两种矿床成因类型,其成矿物质主要来源于壳幔混溶型岩浆。这些研究为深入阐明鄂东南矿集区铁矿床成矿规律提供了新的地球化学依据。     

The Hydrothermal Na—Ca Alteration at the Marginal Part of the Florina Granite and the Associated Magnetite—Hematite Bands With Thorium and Uranium Mineralization

The Oxia mineralized granite is the product of differentiation in the external parts of the Florina magmatic mass. Acidic hydrothermal solutions either of magmatic or of meteoric origin reacted with the upper tectonically fractured parts of the Florina granite and became enriched in iron, thorium, uranium, zircon and rare-earth elements. The most abundant alteration minerals are sericite and quartz, while the minerals of the mineralization bands include magnetite, hematite, thorite, monazite and zircon. The outer parts of the Oxia granite made it easy the percolation of hydrothermal solutions from the deeper heater to the upper cooler parts of the granite which acted as a hot spot.     

新疆沙尔布尔海底火山喷流沉积磁铁矿床成因

沙尔布尔铁矿床形成于古岛弧区内的局部拉张环境。矿体呈似层状、透镜状、串珠状产于中志留统沙尔布尔组顶部 ,具多层产出特征 ,矿石具块状、条带状、浸染状构造。矿体附近有红碧玉 ,矿床具“底蚀特征”及底板矿化特征。磁铁矿矿石、矿物及红碧玉的稀土元素含量总量低、具负铈、负铕异常 ,属轻稀土富集型的特征。磁铁矿爆裂温度高达 370～ 4 30℃。成矿流体是以岩浆水为主 ,混有古大气水的混合流体。磁铁矿矿石中之石英的 δ30 Si与碧玉的 δ30 Si相近。据此提出矿床为海底喷流沉积成因     

微波消解-分光光度法测定钒钛磁铁矿中的钒

采用硫-磷混合酸微波消解对难溶的钒钛磁铁矿进行前处理,用5-溴-PADAP-过氧化氢分光光度法测定矿样中的钒,优化了微波消解的实验条件.加入浓磷酸和40 g/L氟化钠溶液分别消除了共存常量元素铁和钛的干扰.方法检出限为0.004 μg/mL,线性范围为0.01～1.0 μg/mL . 应用于实际钒钛磁铁矿样品中钒的测定,重现性好,检出限较低,灵敏度较高,能够满足简单、快速、批量分析的要求.     

重、磁力测量在发现新疆黄山铜镍矿中的作用

新疆黄山铜镍矿床是一个与基性－超基性岩体有关的隐伏大型铜镍矿床。它是通过对１：５万比例尺航空磁力测量Ｍ－４２号异常进行地面检查而发现的基性—超基性岩体，地表有孔雀石、褐铁矿化、铜矿点。然后在岩体上进行大比例尺的重、磁力测量，研究岩体的形态产状，和可能赋存隐伏硫化铜镍矿体产部位。根据重、磁力测量成果和地质资料综合研究，确定岩体的形态产状和可能赋存隐伏硫化铜镍矿体的位置，布置钻探工程，钻遇隐伏铜镍矿体，使该区普查找矿工作取得重大进展，现已探明为大型铜镍硫化物矿床。     

河南新蔡BIF铁矿床地球化学特征及矿床成因

新蔡铁矿床位于华北克拉通南缘舞阳-霍邱铁矿成矿带中部, 矿体赋存于新太古代太华岩群变质岩系中。铁矿体主要呈层状、似层状, 局部为透镜状。矿石构造主要为条带状, 少量浸染状及块状。矿石主要由TFe2O3和SiO2组成, 其次为MgO和CaO, Al2O3及其他如Na2O、K2O、P2O5、TiO2、MnO含量大多小于0.1%。微量及稀土元素分析结果显示, 大离子亲石元素Sr和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti明显亏损, 此外Rb、U、La、Pb、Eu元素具正异常, Ti/V值平均24.13, 稀土元素总量较低, 平均为12.8×10-6。经PAAS标准化后, 铁矿石均表现为重稀土元素相对轻稀土元素富集((La/Yb)PAAS=0.43~0.79, 平均值0.55), 具有明显的La正异常(La/LaPAAS*平均值1.15)、Eu正异常(Eu/Eu*平均值2.88)和Y异常(Y/YPAAS*平均值1.68), 微弱的Ce负异常(Ce/CePAAS*平均值0.90)。较高的Y/Ho值(平均值44)说明含铁建造形成于相对缺氧的古海洋环境, 成矿物质主要来源于与海底火山活动相关的高温热液和海水的混合溶液。对矿体围岩斜长角闪岩原岩恢复及构造环境判别结果显示, 斜长角闪岩原岩为弧后盆地玄武岩, 代表其形成于弧后盆地的构造环境, 这也基本代表了本区含铁建造沉积时的构造环境。综合分析认为, 新蔡铁矿属于与弧后盆地火山活动密切相关的Algoma型BIF。