GFS预报产品在阿勒泰地区汛期降水预报中的应用检验

采用GFS（全球预报系统）产品预告图形资料,对阿勒泰地区2007-2008年汛期降水过程的预报能力进行统计检验,结果表明：GFS预报产品对汛期降水预报有一定的指导意义。     

Principal faults in the Shatsky Rise and their influence upon the evolution of the geological structure in the East Black Sea Region

A fault was traced along the southwestern margin of the Shatsky Rise. It extends to land where it crosses the Mountainous Crimea. Interpretation and analysis of marine seismic and magnetic survey data, as well as geological data on land, allow stating that the fault originated during the rift evolution stage of the East Black Sea Basin. Currently, the fault is in the sea and is a channel for migrating hydrocarbon fluids. Another fault was traced from the West Caucasus into the sea, where it separates the Shatsky Rise into two structural units.     

岩浆成矿体系的热演化和剥露史的数字模拟

通过对岩浆冷却过程的数字模拟研究,揭示出岩浆在冷却成矿过程中的温度分布和变化规律及影响因素．在此基础上,进一步应用高精度的温龄计组合来限定岩浆成矿体系的热演化和剥露历史,精确地计算出岩浆的初始侵位时间和深度、矿物结晶时间、冷却速率、冷却和暴露地表时间,以及剥露和剥蚀速率等重要参数,并将模拟结果应用于斑岩铜矿床的成矿研究中．研究表明,将精确的年龄测试手段与计算机模拟技术相结合,可为定量研究岩浆矿床的热演化和剥露史、深入了解矿床的成因机制提供一种有效方法．     

华南地区锡多金属矿床空间数据统计分析

基于MAPGIS系统平台空间分析方法的特点, 以华南地区的锡多金属矿床为空间分析对象,对锡多金属矿床的分布态势及有利成矿地层、构造、岩浆岩等要素的相关对象属性进行了统计分析, 初步总结出华南地区燕山期和晋宁期岩浆岩、泥盆系和侏罗系地层及NE向或NEE向断裂带等有利因素的叠加复合部位是寻找锡多金属矿床的有利成矿条件组合标志, 为成矿预测及相关区域找矿工作的部署提供了量化依据.     

Growth and provenance of a Paleozoic subduction complex in the Broken River Province,Mossman Orogen: evidence from detrital zircon ages

A Paleozoic subduction complex dominates the Mossman Orogen developed at the northern extremity of the Tasmanides, eastern Australia. Its southern part, displayed in the Broken River Province, is characterised by dismembered ocean-plate stratigraphy in which turbidite-dominated packages and widespread tectonic mélange development are characteristic. The Broken River complex is characterised by formations with quartzose sandstone alternating with those largely formed of sandstone of more labile character. The two compositional groups are considered to reflect separate, age-significant sedimentary regimes, but their ages have hitherto been poorly constrained. With the use of 1082 concordant detrital zircon ages from 13 samples we provide age control for the complex and track its sedimentary provenance. Of quartzose units, the Tribute Hills Arenite and Pelican Range Formation are late Cambrian–Early Ordovician, and the Wairuna Formation is Middle to Late Ordovician, in age. The more labile units (Greenvale, Perry Creek and Kangaroo Hills formations) are collectively of late Silurian–mid-Devonian age. Development of the complex spanned some 130 Myr. Continent-derived sediment involved in accretion of much the complex, from mid-Ordovician to mid-Devonian, was largely sourced from a nearby magmatic arc of late Cambrian–Devonian age, now represented by granitoid plutons of the Macrossan and Pama igneous associations. An older far-field Pacific-Gondwana sediment source is characteristic of early-phase (late Cambrian–Early Ordovician) accretion, in common with sedimentary units of this age generally developed in the Tasmanides. We consider the complex to have grown largely by underplating that positioned younger components beneath those that are older, with out-of-sequence thrust interleaving of these components occurring late in the accretionary history. A Late Devonian contractional folding and cleavage development (Tabberabberan orogenesis) is uniformly expressed across the entire complex and reflects an abrupt change in plate engagement with imposition of a compressional stress regime.     

冈底斯岩浆弧东端石榴斜长角闪岩的晚白垩世岩浆与变质作用记录及构造意义

冈底斯岩浆弧位于青藏高原拉萨地体南部,形成在新特提斯洋向北俯冲的安第斯型造山和印度与欧亚大陆碰撞的喜马拉雅型造山过程中,是研究青藏高原中-新生代构造演化的理想地区。本文对冈底斯岩浆弧东端石榴斜长角闪岩进行了岩石学、相平衡模拟以及锆石U-Pb年代学研究。石榴斜长角闪岩主要由石榴石、角闪石、斜长石、绿帘石、白云母和石英组成,含少量金红石和钛铁矿,具有基性岩浆岩的化学成分。相平衡模拟结果表明,石榴斜长角闪岩经历了高压麻粒岩相变质作用和部分熔融,峰期变质作用的温度和压力条件为～820℃和～1.67GPa,形成深度相当于55km。石榴斜长角闪岩中的锆石具有继承的岩浆核和变质边。锆石岩浆核具有条带状环带,相对高的HREE含量(平均值为1150×10~(-6))和高的Th/U比值(0.51～0.95),给出了90.4±1.7Ma(MSWD=0.32)的原岩结晶年龄。锆石的变质边不具环带,具有较低的HREE含量(平均值为58.5×10~(-6))和低的Th/U比值(0.29～0.40),给出了86.7±5.7Ma(MSWD=0.15)的变质年龄。本文研究结果表明,冈底斯岩浆弧东端晚白垩世辉长岩经历了近侵入同期的高压高温变质作用和部分熔融,大体积幔源岩浆的底垫和增生导致岩浆弧发生了显著的新生地壳生长和加厚。     

安徽金寨银水寺铅锌矿床流体包裹体和同位素地球化学特征

银水寺铅锌矿床位于大别造山带北缘,是该区最大的矽卡岩型矿床。矿体主要发育在中元古界庐镇关岩群仙人冲组大理岩与郑堂子组千枚岩之间的层间破碎带以及正长花岗斑岩与大理岩的接触带中。矿床先后经历了四个成矿阶段,矽卡岩阶段(Ⅰ)、石英.白钨矿阶段(Ⅱ)、石英.硫化物阶段(Ⅲ)、碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ)。矽卡岩阶段(Ⅰ)主要发育绿帘石、阳起石、石英、绿泥石、磁铁矿及少量金属硫化物等;石英.白钨矿阶段(Ⅱ)主要发育石英、方解石、萤石及少量白钨矿和金属硫化物;石英.硫化物阶段(Ⅲ)广泛发育闪锌矿、方铅矿、黄铜矿等金属硫化物及石英、方解石、萤石、绿泥石等;碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ)主要发育方解石、石英及少量黄铁矿。矿床中发育三种类型流体包裹体,包括富CO2水溶液包裹体(AC类)、气液两相水溶液包裹体(L类)和含子晶多相包裹体(S型)。根据流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温、激光拉曼研究结果,矽卡岩阶段主要有富CO2包裹体和气液两相水溶液包裹体,均一温度为314~400℃、盐度变化范围较大(1.1%~19.3%NaCleqv);石英.白钨矿阶段发育气液两相水溶液包裹体、含子晶多相包裹体和富CO2包裹体,后两者均一温度相近(263~349℃)、盐度差异较大(32.8%~41%NaCleqv和0.8%~6.1%NaCleqv),表明流体发生了沸腾作用;石英.硫化物阶段主要发育气液两相水溶液包裹体,均一温度为230~332℃,盐度为0.2%~8.9%NaCleqv;碳酸盐阶段只发育气液两相水溶液包裹体,显示低温(162~245℃)、低盐度(0.2%~5.6%NaCleqv)的特征。矿床不同成矿阶段石英、绿帘石中流体包裹体中水H-O同位素研究结果表明,δ18Ofluid值从早到晚逐渐减小,其中矽卡岩阶段为–1.3‰~4.7‰、石英.硫化物阶段为–5.1‰~–3.1‰,表明银水寺矿床早期成矿流体主要为岩浆来源,并在成矿过程中不断有大气降水的加入。石英流体包裹体中CO2的C同位素测试结果表明,矽卡岩阶段δ13CV-PDB值为–9.2‰,石英.硫化物阶段为–25.8‰~–15.4‰,表明早期成矿流体中碳质主要来自岩浆,石英-硫化物阶段有大量有机碳加入,其可能与流体和富含有机质的地层反应有关。矿石中主要金属硫化物的δ34S值(1.7‰~4.4‰)显示了深源硫的特征。Pb同位素变化范围集中(206Pb/204Pb=16.55~16.705,207Pb/204Pb=15.369~15.459,208Pb/204Pb=37.463~37.767),显示壳幔混源的特点。随着成矿作用的进行,岩浆流体与碳酸盐围岩地层发生水岩交代反应形成矽卡岩,该过程造成了成矿矽卡岩阶段磁铁矿和少量闪锌矿的沉淀;断裂活动造成热液体系压力下降,流体发生沸腾,CO2、HF进入气相并逃逸促使矿床中钨的沉淀;同时大气降水沿裂隙灌入,混合作用导致流体的温度、盐度降低,Cl–浓度下降,造成矿床中铅锌的大面积沉淀。     

东昆仑古特提斯后碰撞阶段伸展作用:来自晚三叠世岩浆岩的证据

通过对东昆仑造山带晚三叠世岩浆岩的岩石类型、形成时代、岩石地球化学和同位素地球化学资料综合分析,对岩浆岩的岩石组合、分布特征和岩石成因进行研究,探讨东昆仑造山带晚三叠世构造演化的地球动力学背景。东昆仑造山带晚三叠世是古特提斯演化过程中重要的构造转换期,岩浆岩岩石类型多样,主要包括辉长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩和正长花岗岩,并且广泛出露具埃达克质特征的岩浆岩和A型花岗岩。晚三叠世岩浆岩的出露规模与俯冲阶段相比,规模较小,一般以小岩体、岩株和岩脉侵入于早期岩体和地层中。东昆仑晚三叠世岩浆岩主体为准铝-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列,轻重稀土元素具有一定分异,富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,岩石类型不同时分异程度、富集和亏损程度有一定差异。大部分晚三叠世花岗质岩浆岩的同位素特征与晚二叠世-三叠纪镁铁质岩浆岩近似,部分具有更高的εNd(t)和εHf(t)值。镁铁质岩浆岩、普通花岗岩、埃达克质岩浆岩在东昆仑各个构造带皆有分布,A型花岗岩主要分布在祁漫塔格构造带(东昆北)的阿牙克库木湖-香日德断裂附近。东昆仑晚三叠世镁铁质岩浆岩具有弧岩浆岩特征,为俯冲流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融产物。普通花岗岩和埃达克质岩浆岩多为新生下地壳部分熔融产物,少量埃达克质岩浆岩由于与地幔的交代作用,具有幔源特征。A型花岗岩为残留下地壳部分熔融的产物。部分普通花岗岩、埃达克质岩浆岩和A型花岗岩由于岩浆混合作用,具幔源特征。构造环境研究表明,东昆仑在晚三叠世进入古特提斯演化的后碰撞阶段。巴颜喀拉地块同东昆仑地块的持续碰撞导致地壳加厚,密度增大,使岩石圈重力不稳定发生拆沉作用,引发岩石圈地幔减压熔融,产生大量的镁铁质岩浆岩;镁铁质岩浆底侵不同类型地壳熔融及拆沉地壳部分熔融而形成的岩浆交代地幔,以及岩浆混合和岩浆后期演化,形成了东昆仑造山带晚三叠世丰富多样的岩浆岩。     

初论雪峰山地区基性-超基性岩镍钴铜金矿找矿方向

近年来,雪峰山地区的基性-超基性岩矿床找矿工作取得了一定的进展。为了及时总结成矿规律,指导进一步的找矿工作,本文在大量野外调研的基础上,系统总结了该地区基性-超基性岩岩体的地质特征、已有找矿进展的长界镍矿和字溪金矿地质特征及已发现的镍钴铜金等矿化特征,并与国内外同类型矿床的成矿特征进行了比较,最后提出了如下认识:雪峰山地区具备找寻基性-超基性岩矿床潜力,目标矿种主要为镍、钴、铜及金矿,主要矿床类型为岩浆硫化物型镍钴铜矿及蚀变热液型金矿。前者目标地质体以通道-洪江-中方-古丈一带新元古代基性-超基性岩群/带最为有利,后者则以隘口岩群及艾头坪-大洪山岩群的大洪山段最为有利。     

ECONOMIC GEOLOGY

正20142114Lin Quansheng(China University of Geosciences,Bejing 100083,China)On the Geologic Characteristics and Economic Significance of the Cambrian Lintian Group in Fujian Province(Geology of Fujian,ISSN1001-3970,CN35-1080/P,32(4),2013,p.264-273,2illus.,2tables,6refs.)