Thermal structure and uplift of the Cretaceous Shimanto Belt, Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan: An illite crystallinity and Mite bo, lattice spacing study

Abstract Illite crystallinity (IC) and illite b, lattice spacing were measured across the Cretaceous Shimanto Belt, Kii Peninsula, Southwest Japan. For the IC survey, 103 samples of argillaceous rocks were analyzed from the central area and the western area of the belt. Values of IC (Kubler Index) vary between 0.28 and 0.71 Δ°2θ and indicate diagenetic and anchizone metamorphism respectively. The IC distribution reveals two contrasting patterns of thermal maturity. The Hanazono Formation, exposed in the northern area of the belt, generally dips north, but IC values increase systematically from 0.28 Δ°2θ in the north to 0.54 Δ°2θ in the south and indicate an inverted thermal structure. Values in other formations vary widely in the southern area of the belt ranging between 0.45 and 0.71 Δ°2θ, but the values do not show any systematic change from north to south and on average remain almost constant. Illite b_o, lattice spacing values for 56 samples vary between 9.006 and 9.041 Å corresponding to intermediate pressure conditions of the metamorphic facies. These values, combined with paleotemperatures estimated from IC, indicate paleogeothermal gradients of 22 and 31°C/km for the northern and southern areas of the belt, respectively. The inverted thermal structure of the Hanazono Formation, together with a lower paleogeothermal gradient, possibly is a result of the subduction of a relatively cold oceanic plate during the Late Cretaceous. The higher geothermal gradient could be a product of late thermal overprinting caused by the later subduction of a comparatively younger and hotter oceanic plate during the Eocene.     

高压、超高压变质岩形成深度讨论

根据硅酸盐矿物压缩系数的实测值与一些地质现象结合，提出岩石圈中壳幔边界处可能存在负荷压力与来自地幔的压力结合而形成一种复合的压力状态，可以在莫霍面附近造成形成含柯石英和金刚石的超高压变质岩的地质环境，其前是造成来自地幔向上压力过程的速率要大于地壳释放压力的地质过程的速率，并同时提出地深增压率的概念和在地质上的一些表征．最后结合桐柏—大别高压、超高压变质岩的地质事实提出一个高压、超高压变质成因的模型     

辽河群镁质碳酸盐建造及其非金属矿产

辽河群镁质碳酸盐岩系，含矿岩石组合有黑尔峪组镁质碳酸盐含矿建造和大石桥组镁质碳酸盐含矿建造。其中由区域变质作用形成的白云石－滑石－菱镁矿、滑石－菱镁矿－透闪石、滑石－菱镁矿－水镁石－蛇纹石和硼矿物－蛇纹石－菱镁石－水镁石－滑石－金云母－透辉石等４种矿床组合形式，构成规律明显，经济价值大的非金属成矿系列。     

剪切带研究的某些进展

简要介绍了一般剪切带的成分变异、体积变化、流体流动的研究进展、着重讨论了榴辉岩相剪切带流体流动与变形变质作用的关系，认为剪切带应变不均匀性、变质作用不均一性和流体存在状态及流体超压是榴辉岩形成和保存的3个主要制约因素。     

长江中下游中性－中酸性岩浆岩的母岩浆来源及铜的成矿作用──实验研究

针对长江中下游形成中性和中酸性岩浆岩的岩浆成因和Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ成矿作用问题，完成了一系列壳幔物质混合物、下地壳物质混合物及中性－中酸性岩浆岩在１０００－２０００ＭＰａ和９００－１５５０℃的水不饱和条件下熔融实验研究。实验结果表明，本地区中性和中酸性岩浆岩可能主要由适当比例的壳幔物质混合物熔化而得的岩浆结晶而成。硅酸盐玻璃的电子探针分析数据没有显示出Ｋ与Ｃｕ和Ｆｅ与Ｎａ的相关关系。在含硫体系中，铜在中性－中酸性硅酸盐熔体中的溶解度介于０．０２％－０．２３％之间，但多数铜分析值在０．１％以上（大致相当于初始物中１５％的铜溶解在硅酸盐熔体中）。余下的部分铜则以Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｓ组成的小球粒形式不均匀地散布在硅酸盐熔体中。实验结果还表明，中性－中酸性硅酸盐熔体的不混溶性普遍存在。     

丹巴地区变质岩的矿物化学特征及其p－T轨迹的构造意义

丹巴地区变质岩的矿物化学特征及其ｐ－Ｔ轨迹的构造意义钟宏（中国科学院地球化学研究所．贵阳５５０００２）关键词动热变质作用，Ｐ－Ｔ轨迹，构造环境，丹巴地区丹巴地区位于扬子地台西缘与松潘一甘孜造山带过渡带的中段，丹巴弧形构造带之西侧。该区变质岩分布很广，...     

青阳岩体微粒包体及岩浆动力学特征

青阳岩体微粒包体的岩石学、矿物学、地球化学等方面的特征与寄主岩石既有相似性又有显著的差异。相似性表明了它们的亲缘关系，差异性反映了包体部分熔融残余体的属性。青阳岩体及微粒包体的岩浆动力学特征亦存在一定差异，这种差异揭示了包体在岩浆侵位过程中的运动状态。微粒包体特征为探讨岩浆岩成因提供了有意义的信息     

A review of the In Ouzzal granulitic terrane (Tuareg shield, Algeria): its significance within the Pan-African Trans-Saharan belt

The In Ouzzal terrane (IOT) or In Ouzzal granulite unit (IOGU) is an elongated Palaeoproterozoic block within the Neoproterozoic Pan-African belt of north-west Africa. The granulites derive from Archaean protoliths that include a large volume of metasediments which were deposited on a 3.2-Ga gneissic basement. Near-peak granulite facies conditions between 2.17 and 2 Ga were estimated at P=10 kbar and T rising from 800 to 1000°C. Premetamorphic orthogneisses were intruded at 2.5 Ga, and followed by the emplacement of syn- to late-kinematic charnockites, syenites and carbonatites at around 2 Ga. Cooling of the granulites occurred till 1800 Ma. Shortly after its exhumation coeval with crustal extension and related alkaline magmatism in adjacent areas, the IOT was buried beneath late Palaeoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic cover sequences, and then behaved as a rigid block. Both margins are lithospheric faults, as evidenced by the occurrence of shear-zone-related mafic and felsic plutons. Pan-African tectonothermal events were negligible in the north, but granulites in the south were significantly reworked under lower greenschist facies conditions during the northern motion of the block with respect to both the western and the eastern Pan-African terranes. The Cambrian molasse, associated with widespread alkaline volcanism and subvolcanic granites, is horizontal in the north. The IOT, which was part of a larger continental mass including its counterpart in northern Mali, is interpreted as an exotic terrane which may have docked during Pan-African plate convergence and lateral collision. The unchanged pediplain since c. 1.7 Ga in the north suggests that the IOT is underlain by thick Palaeoproterozoic lithospheric mantle, whereas its southern part is probably allochthonous and overlies Pan-African structural units.     

Geochemical trends of sequential lava flows from Meseta volcano, Guatemala

The Meseta and Fuego volcanoes closely overlap and collectively are known as the Fuego Volcanic Complex. Historic activity occurs exclusively at Fuego, the southern center, and consists of high-Al basalts. Meseta, the inactive northern center, is predominantly composed of basaltic andesites with minor basalt and andesite. A thick sequence of lava flows and dikes is exposed by a steep collapse escarpment on the east flank of Meseta. The upper 75% of the sequence was sampled from three interfingering stratigraphic sections consisting of 27, 10 and 4 lavas, respectively. Temporal geochemical trends of each section indicates a complex evolutionary history. A major trend toward more evolved compositions upward in the section is consistent with crystal fractionation. This trend is sharply interrupted by the youngest lavas which become distinctly more mafic in composition. Magma mixing is apparently the dominant magmatic evolution process that generated these lavas. The two trends have distinct Sr signatures that suggest a change in parental magma compositions. This abrupt change in composition is interpreted to signal high input rates of mafic magma into the subvolcanic magma chamber. These changes eventually led to sector collapse of Meseta volcano and deposition of the Escuintla debris avalanche. Eruptive activity then migrated to the Fuego volcano where historic activity is similar to that of Meseta immediately prior to its collapse.