递增变质作用过程中化学元素的演化规律———以山西五台群变质同位地层为例

山西五台群文溪组和柏枝岩组岩石学特征和岩石化学、微量元素及稀土元素特征研究表明，这两个组中相应层位地球化学特征基本一致。递增变质作用使岩石贫Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｋ２Ｏ及大离子亲石元素和相对富集ＦｅＯ、ＭｇＯ及铁族元素。由于变质作用仅使稀土元素总量发生微小变化，而不改变其总体分布型式，所以稀土元素是指示岩石形成与演化的良好指示剂     

金川铜镍硫化矿床成矿温度压力计算及成矿机制探讨

本文利用橄榄石温度计、压力计的方法,计算金川超基性岩体主要含矿岩相成岩的温度压力条件。根据计算所得的温压数据、矿石结构特征、含矿岩相的相互接触关系及储量分布,判断矿床成因主要属于深部熔集型,并根据不可逆过程热力学平衡扩散方程,探讨硫化物(Ni~(2+),S~(2-))和硅酸盐熔浆(Si_4~(4-))产生熔集的机制。     

东秦岭松树沟高压变质基性岩石及其退变质作用的PTt演化轨迹

在北秦岭商南松树沟出露的高压变质基性岩石，包括高压基性麻粒岩和石榴单斜辉石岩，遭受了从中压麻粒岩相、高角闪岩相到绿帘角闪岩相的连续的退变质作用的改造。这些岩石形成的温度为８２６℃～８８７℃，压力约为１．４０～１．５８ＧＰａ，其不同退变质阶段的温压条件依次分别是７６５℃～８２５℃和约１．０３～１．１４ＧＰａ、６５０℃～７５０℃和约０．９ＧＰａ以及４００℃～５００℃和约０．５～０．６ＧＰａ。它们共同构成一个早期近等温降压（ＩＴＤ）和晚期降温降压的顺时针ＰＴｔ演化轨迹。结合高压岩石９８３±１４０Ｍａ的退变质年龄和松树沟残存的蛇绿岩片考虑，这些高压岩石的形成和抬升与秦岭造山带中、晚元古宙时期洋壳的俯冲、消减和陆块碰撞伴随的快速构造上升作用有关。     

北秦岭官坡地区高压—超高压榴辉岩岩相学及变质作用研究

北秦岭官坡地区的榴辉岩及含柯石英榴辉岩产在帮岭岩群的北侧，主要由绿辉石和石榴石组成，部分石榴石和绿辉石中含柯石英包体。此外还含有退变质的多硅白云母、角闪石、黝帘石和纳长石等矿物，根据变质矿物之间的替代关系及共生组合规律，榴辉岩退变质作用可划分为四个阶段，各阶段代表性矿物组合依次为：柯石英＋绿辉石＋石榴石；石英＋绿辉石＋石榴石；多硅白云母＋绿辉石＋石榴石＋石英；角闪石＋斜长石＋白云母＋黑云母。这四个     

矽卡岩浆型铜矿床特征——以安徽铜陵东狮子山铜矿床为例

东狮子山铜矿床具有下列独特的特征:(1)矽卡岩是高温、高密度、粘稠的岩浆熔融体;(2)矽卡岩体与辉石二长岩体具有同源性;(3)矿体与矽岩体具有同源性;(4)成矿物质来自岩浆源,硫同位素测定的绝对值小于5‰;(5)矽卡岩矿物开始结晶温度为920C,可见熔融包裹体,成矿温度为620C;(6)成矿压力相当于1～2km深度条件;(7)矿石、矽卡岩具有典型的岩浆矿床的结构构造。     

A summary of sulfur dioxide emission rate measuremnts from Guatemalan volcanoes

Measurements of the sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emission rate from three Guatemalan volcanoes provide data which are consistent with theoretical and laboratory studies of eruptive and shallow magma chamber processes. In particular, unerupted magma makes a major contribution to the measured SO₂ emission rates at Santiaguito, a continuously erupting dacitic volcanic dome. Varying shallow magma convection rates can explain the variations in SO₂ emission rates at Santiaguito. At Fuego, a basaltic volcano currently in repose, SO₂ emission rate measurements are consistent with a high level magma body that is crystallizing and releasing volatiles. At Pacaya, a continuously erupting basaltic volcano, recent SO₂ emission rate measurements support laboratory simulation studies of strombolian eruptions; these studies indicate that the majority of gas escapes during eruptions and little gas escapes between eruptions.Average SO₂ emission rates over the last 20 years for Santiaguito, Fuego and Pacaya are 80, 160 and 260 Mg/d, respectively. On a global scale, these three volcanoes account for 1% of the annual global volcanic output of SO₂. Santiaguito and Pacaya, together, emit 6% of the total annual SO₂ emitted by continuously erupting volcanoes.Even though SO₂ measurements at these volcanoes have been made infrequently and by different investigators, the collective data help to establish a useful baseline by which to judge future changes. A more complete record of SO₂ emission rates from these volcanoes could lead to a better understanding of their eruption mechanisms and reduce the impact of their future eruptions on Guatemalan society.     

冀东太古宙高级变质岩区若干地质问题的研究

在1∶5万区域地质填图及专题研究的基础上探讨了变质岩石中的岩浆侵位变形构造、褶皱构造及变形与变质作用的关系等三个方面的问题。研究表明冀东太古宙高级区变质岩石中不同程度地发育岩浆岩构造,包括在不同类型片麻岩之间所表现的穿切构造、基性岩墙中的矿物定向构造以及基性岩体边缘及其围岩的变形构造等,褶皱构造可分为表壳岩褶皱及片麻岩褶皱,高级区可能不存在大型的片麻岩褶皱,通过镜下特征矿物相的研究并结合野外变质基性岩墙的产状及特征,建立区域变质与变形作用的关系,从而为区域地质事件表的建立提供依据。     

Characteristics of melt inclusions in skarn minerals from Fe,Cu(Au) and Au(Cu) ore deposits in the region from Daye to Jiujiang

The skarns and skarn deposits are widely distributed at home and abroad. The skarn deposits include many kinds of ores and higher ore grade. Some of them are broad in scale. Scientists of ore deposits from different countries have paid and are paying grea…     

Geodynamic significance of ophiolites within the Calabrian Arc

Abstract Slices of oceanic lithosphere belonging to the neo‐Tethys realm crop out discontinuously in the northern Calabrian Arc, Southern Apennines. They consist of high‐pressure–low‐temperature metamorphic ophiolitic sequences formed from metaultramafics, metabasites and alternating metapelites, metarenites, marbles and calcschist. Ophiolites occupy an intermediate position in the northern Calabrian Arc nappe pile, situated between overlying Hercynian continental crust and the underlying Apenninic limestone units. In the literature, these ophiolitic sequences are subdivided into several tectonometamorphic units. Geochemical characteristics indicate that metabasites were derived from subalkaline basalts with tholeiitic affinity (transitional mid‐oceanic ridge basalt type), and a harzburgitic‐lherzolitic protolith is suggested for the serpentinites. The pressure–temperature‐deformation paths of the metabasites from different outcrops display similar features: (i) the prograde segment follows a typical Alpine geothermal gradient up to a metamorphic climax at 350°C and 0.9 GPa and crystallization of the high‐pressure mineral assemblage occurs along a pervasive foliation developed during a compressive tectonic event; and (ii) the retrogression path can be subdivided in two segments, the first is characterized by nearly isothermal decompression to approximately 400°C and 0.3 GPa and the second follows a cooling trajectory. During low‐pressure conditions, a second deformation event produces millimetric to decametric scale asymmetric folds that describe west‐verging major structures. The third deformation event is characterized by brittle extensional structures. The tectonometamorphic evolution of the ophiolitic sequences from the different outcrops is similar. Both thermobarometric modeling and tectonic history indicate that the studied rocks underwent Alpine subduction and exhumation processes as tectonic slices inside a west‐verging accretionary wedge. The subduction of oceanic lithosphere was towards the present east; therefore, the Hercynian continental crust, overthrusted on the ophiolitic accretionary wedge after the neo‐Tethys closure, was part of the African paleomargin or a continental microplate between Africa and Europe.     

内蒙古东部重力场特征以及寻找内生矿床的意义

依据岩石密度特征，应用布格重力异常资料，在内蒙古东部地区推断7个大型岩浆岩活动区（带）。这些岩浆岩活动区（带）控制着内蒙古自治区东部地区大部分内生矿床，也就是说每一个大型岩浆岩活动区（带）实际上是一个成矿系统。因此，应用布格重力异常资料可以推断岩浆岩活动区（带），预测内生矿床，筛选化探异常。