渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷古近系古湖盆氧化还原条件及其优质烃源岩的发育模式

通过分析东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组烃源岩样品的主微量元素含量,研究了东濮凹陷沙河街组优质烃源岩形成时的古氧化还原条件、古生产力水平及古水体的局限性,探讨了沙河街组沙三段优质烃源岩的发育模式。研究结果表明,东濮凹陷的北部沙三段优质烃源岩发育属于“深水窄盆水体分层沉积”模式。水体主要是咸水—超咸水,水体局限性较强,深度较深形成了稳定的盐度分层,从而造成底层水处于稳定的缺氧条件,有利于有机质的保存。根据主微量元素分析及古生产力的还原,沙三段沉积时水体表层富氧,发育大量有机质,生物死亡后有机质发生絮凝,在氧化还原界面吸附于铁锰氧化物的表面,沉降到底部,底部水体缺氧到还原的性质,适合保存有机质。东濮凹陷南部沙三段优质烃源岩发育属于“浅水广盆凹盆缺氧沉积”模式。湖泊水体为淡水,湖水局限性很弱,属于开阔水域,由于地表河流及洪水带来大量营养物质,表层水体古生产力较高,缺乏缺氧的保存条件,有机质生化阶段消耗较多,但是局部也可以发育弱还原水体,进而形成优 质烃源岩。     

湘潭市河西应急地下水源地评价

建立城市应急地下水源地,有利于提高应对水资源危机事件的供水保障能力。本文对湘潭市河西应急地下水源地的水文地质条件进行了详细的研究,认为该水源地由白垩系罗镜滩组(K2lj)灰质砾岩含水层构成,面积较大,厚度稳定,岩溶发育,水量丰富,水质优良,可开采量达78486 m3/d,且稳定可靠。针对2020年规划的湘潭市主城区及九华经开区的146万人口,无论是20 L/人·天还是50 L/人·天标准下的基本饮用水应急需求,均有保障,建议将应急水源地建设纳入城市基础设施建设和水资源开发规划之中,充分保证湘潭市区的供水安全。     

北黄海盆地东部坳陷勘探突破对我国近海残留“黑色侏罗系”油气勘探的启示

最新的勘探和研究证实,北黄海盆地东部坳陷发育了中、上侏罗统2套有效烃源岩并以上侏罗统为主力烃源岩层,在其供烃范围内形成了上侏罗统-下白垩统"下生上储式"和中-上侏罗统"自生自储式"2类成藏组合,取得了我国东部海域以侏罗系为唯一源岩的含油气盆地勘探突破。为进一步探索我国近海盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的资源潜力和勘探前景,本文采用地震-地质综合解释、烃源岩地球化学分析、盆地模拟等方法,综合分析了我国近海主要盆地残留"黑色侏罗系"的分布和地球化学特征。结果表明,我国近海残留侏罗系暗色泥岩烃源岩非均质性较强,多属"中等"级别,局部发育"中等-好"、"中等-差"级别烃源岩,侏罗系烃源岩大多存在早（J₃-K₁）、晚（E₂末-N₁）2期生、排烃高峰,生烃总量达1.4×10¹¹ t,资源前景乐观,预测可形成侏罗系"自生自储式"和侏罗系-白垩系（或新生界）"下生上储式"2类源储组合。     

由下扬子区海陆对比分析南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征及其主控因素

针对南黄海盆地海相油气勘探的重大需求,在收集、整理下扬子苏、浙、皖地区地质和地化资料的基础上,依托科学钻探CSDP-2井岩心,系统对比了南黄海盆地与下扬子陆区早志留世古地理背景和沉积充填特征,进而利用一系列地化测试数据总结了南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征并探讨其主控因素。研究结果表明：南黄海盆地大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井目前已钻遇了坟头组和高家边组上部两套丰度很低的厚层、暗色（粉砂质）泥岩,其有机质类型主要为Ⅱ₂型,热演化程度已整体进入过成熟阶段;受控于全球海侵事件和扬子板块构造活动的发展阶段,早志留世初期深水陆棚环境逐渐向后期的浅水陆棚环境演变,加之早期较高的初级生产力和良好的保存条件,使得下扬子区高家边组下部烃源岩的品质明显高于上部,并以底部黑色笔石页岩段有机质丰度最高。因此,南黄海盆地高家边组底部理应存在一套优质烃源岩层,可作为下一步页岩气勘探的重点层位。     

1999年夏季江淮地区热源和水汽汇时空变化特征

利用1999年的NCAR再分析网格点风场、温度场、湿度场及含HUBEX试验加密观测的降水资料等,诊断分析了夏季长江流域梅雨暴雨集中期及其前后江淮地区的大气热源、水汽汇的时空分布及多时间尺度特征.     

Describing alpine lake influence on stream network temperatures: A statistical modelling approach

Systematic variations in atmospheric heat exchange, surface residence time, and groundwater influx across montane stream networks commonly produce an increasing stream temperature trend with decreasing elevation. However, complex stream temperature profiles that differ from this common longitudinal trend also exist, suggesting that stream temperatures may be influenced by complex interactions among hydrologic and atmospheric processes. Lakes within stream networks form one potential source of temperature profile complexity due to the spatially variable contribution of lake-sourced water to stream flow. We investigated temperature profile complexity in a multi-season stream temperature dataset collected across a montane stream network containing many alpine lakes. This investigation was performed by making comparisons between multiple statistical models that used different combinations of stream and lake characteristics to represent specific hypotheses for the controls on stream temperature. The compared models included a set of models which used a topographically derived estimate of the hydrologic influence of lakes to separate and quantify the effects of stream elevation and lake source-water contributions to longitudinal stream temperature patterns. This source-water mixing model provided a parsimonious explanation for complex stream-network temperature patterns in the summer and autumn, and this approach may be further applicable to other systems where stream temperatures are influenced by multiple water sources. Simpler models that discounted lake effects were more optimal during the winter and spring, suggesting that complex patterns in stream temperature profiles may emerge and subside temporally, across seasons, in response to diversity of water temperatures from different sources.     

中国内地客源赴澳门旅游的空间差异及影响因素分析

中国内地已经成长为澳门最大的客源市场。论文依据澳门入境旅游统计数据,并运用计量地理学及因子分析相关方法综合分析中国内地客源赴澳门旅游的空间差异及影响因素。研究结果显示:中国东南沿海省区仍将是澳门的主要客源地,从2011至2016年内地客源赴澳门旅游的空间均衡重心点逐渐向北-向西移动,中国内地客源市场北方省区、中西部省区游客赴澳门旅游的市场潜力不断增大,内地客源赴澳门旅游的空间集聚程度日益离散,经济发展基础及消费能力是影响中国内地客源赴澳门旅游的主要因素。     

Source Evolution and Its Relationship to Climate Change Since the Middle–Late Pleistocene in Laizhou Bay,China

Through the geochemical analysis of two hundred-meters cores KD4 and ZK3 from Laizhou Bay,in this study,we determined the distribution law and controlling factors of the geochemical elements.We analyzed 24 elements with respect to their R factors and major principal components,which were combined with the source discrimination functions DFCr/Th and DFCa/Al to obtain the sediment source index and its variation with depth for this area.A comparison of the changes in climate indicators suggests a clear correlation between the source and climate changes.The results show that the Yellow River and surrounding short-term rivers are the main sediment sources in this area.The PC3 of the KD4 core and PC2 of the ZK3 core(e.g.,CaO,MnO,SiO2)exhibit significant variations and reflect the relative contributions of Yellow River sources.The deposition process can be divided into six stages:in Phase I(MIS 5c–MIS 5a),the Yellow River formed,and the composition of the Yellow River had a greater influence on the sedimentary composition of the study area.In Phase II(MIS 5a–MIS 3),the sediment sources of the Yellow River and the short-term streams in this area were wavering,with the sediments derived from short-term rivers playing a more important role.In Phase III(MIS 3),with a sharp drop in temperature,the study area was in the process of retreat,and the sediment source changed from the Yellow River to short-term rivers,after which the Yellow River source material remained the main sediment source for the region.A similar process occurred three more times in Phase IV(MIS 3–MIS 2),Phase V(MIS 2–MIS 1),and Phase VI(MIS 1).With changes in climate,especially during alternating sea-land phases,the sediment source varied in marine-terrestrial-marine phases,and the changes are observed as Yellow River source-surrounding provenance-Yellow River source.However,this process of change is not synchronized with the sea-land strata alternation.     

基于Geoserver和Leaflet的地理信息服务构建与调用

GIS是地理信息服务的有效工具和手段。本文基于开源GIS软件Geoserver和Leaflet,首先,介绍了它们的特点和优势,阐述了地理信息服务的规范;然后,提出了构建与调用地理信息服务的体系框架,研究了服务构建和调用等关键技术;最后,基于烟台市地图数据进行实验,取得了满意的效果。     

盛夏青藏高原热源与菲律宾海对流活动的联系

通过多源资料诊断分析,本文讨论了盛夏（8月）青藏高原大气热源与菲律宾海对流活动之间的联系及可能的机制。结果表明,与青藏高原热源相联系的环流形势在夏季各月明显不同,因此对夏季青藏高原热源的影响应当分月讨论。在夏季各月中,菲律宾海对流活动与青藏高原热源在8月份的联系最为紧密,二者存在显著的反相关关系。而8月青藏高原热源、菲律宾对流活动、西太平洋副热带高压（简称西太副高）、印度季风低压、南亚高压、西风带槽脊和西北太平洋季风环流存在相互耦合的过程。青藏高原热源与菲律宾海对流活动之间联系的机制为:菲律宾海对流弱（强）年,西太副高偏西（东）偏南（北）,西北太平洋季风环流减弱（加强）,印度季风低压减弱（加强）,西风带南压（北抬）,又加之副高西侧有强（弱）的水汽输入,兼以高层南亚高压加强（减弱）,使得高原南部降水显著增强（减弱）,高原热源整体加强（减弱）,高原热源的加强（减弱）又造成了高原南部到东亚区域低层西南（东北）风异常,又利于西太副高偏西（东）偏南（北）,从而造成菲律宾海对流减弱（加强）。这一机制在高原热源强弱年均有表现,但强年表现得更为显著,并在个例中也有所体现,说明盛夏青藏高原热源异常和菲律宾海对流异常存在显著的相互作用。