贵州普安县泥堡金矿区某些矿床地质特征及找矿方向探讨

本文从新的视角，探讨了该区一些追随新进展而逐渐认识的某些矿床地质特征，并以此引伸出较为明确的找矿方向。（1）含矿地带是在区域性滑脱面控制下，以张性追踪的容矿断裂错落排列为其表现形式展现出有序的空间分布规律；（2）三种矿石类型（原生矿，氧化－半氧化矿，风化残坡积矿）在平面上和垂向上均呈有规律的分布；（3）含金岩石的奎化，可划分为局限性硅化和层位性硅化两种类型，并相对划分为三个期次，第一，二期硅化与金矿密切相关；（4）概略界定凝灰质的识别，鉴定标准，并用薄片和金分析成果配套研究，表明其与金矿化有一定的相关关系；（5）论证了矿区进一步的找矿方向是：万（年水），破（脸山），果（园），台（阶地平台），拐（坡，台地形拐点）。     

贵州及邻省区与蒸发岩和油气有关的汞矿地质特征

贵州及邻省区产于局限台地蒸发相和台地边缘斜坡相碳酸盐岩中的汞矿，与蒸发岩和油气存在广泛地地层和区域伴生关系。与蒸发相有关的汞矿，多属贫矿，绝大部分为单汞矿床，围岩蚀变以与硬石膏有关的假层状方解石化为主，与台地边缘斜坡相有关的汞矿，多为中－高品位矿石，相当部分为汞与其它元素（如Se,Tl,Au,Mo,Ni,As）等，伴生的矿床，围岩蚀变以硅化为主，矿石中辰砂常与碳沥青共生，碳沥青的存在，表明地质历史上确实有过生油过程。     

贵州及邻省区与蒸发岩和油气有关的汞矿成矿物理化学条件

对区域汞矿床中辰砂及其共生的脉石矿物的同位素组成和矿物包裹体成分的研究，讨论了所论汞矿成矿的物理化学条件。结合四川、重庆等地现代卤水（黄卤、黑卤）的对比研究和分析，认为黄卤和黑卤是具有成矿潜力的封存热卤水。     

Overheated, Cu-bearing magmas in the Zaldívar porphyry-Cu deposit, Northern Chile. Geodynamic consequences

The Zaldívar porphyry copper deposit, Northern Chile, consists of two major intrusions, the 290 Ma Zaldívar, and the more recent Miocene (38.7 Ma) Llamo porphyry. Five types of inclusions have been identified in quartz phenocrysts from Llamo porphyry, including melt inclusions (M), and four types of fluid inclusions, called MS (multi solids), B (brines), G (vapor-rich) and W (aqueous), respectively.Melt remnants, well preserved as M-inclusions, homogenize around 1000 °C. They show a rhyolitic composition, comparable to the most evolved acidic rhyolitic end member found elsewhere in the regional magmatism and to worldwide volcanic rhyolitic glass. High silica content in some inclusions can, however, be due to partial remelting of the quartz host during the heating run. Copper content in the same inclusions ranges between 0.03 and 0.57 wt.%, with an average concentration of 0.10 wt.%, suggesting a major magmatic source for the copper (orthomagmatic model).MS inclusions, which contain a number of solids at room temperature, mostly H₂O-bearing phases (system NaCl–KCl–((Fe, Mg, Cu)Cl)–H₂O, average salinity 70 wt.% NaCl equiv.), homogenize at magmatic temperatures (around 1000 °C). They represent the first fluids to have exsolved from the magma at depth, at a pressure of about 2 kbar. Their high homogenization temperature, comparable to values measured for melt inclusions (1000 to 1050 °C), may indicate trapping of MS and M inclusions in host phenocrysts from an immiscible mixture of silicate melt and highly saline fluids expelled from the magma during the early stage of quartz crystallization.The data indicate a magmatic origin for copper, as well as extremely high melt temperatures. These features are interpreted by magmatic differentiation of mantle-derived primitive melts, corresponding to major changes in the tectonic regime of the Andean margin, which occurred in Miocene times.     

平度市大庄子矿区金矿床成因类型探讨

平度市大庄子矿区存在两种金矿成因类型，即同沉积断裂－层间滑脱蚀变岩型和石英脉型。矿体明显受层间滑脱和断裂控制，硅化，黄铁矿化，方铅矿化明显，强烈。成矿规律突出，成矿预测效果显。     

甚低频电磁法对脉状矿床勘查评价的意义——以金、铅锌(银)和萤石矿为例

脉状矿床是重要的矿床类型之一。其矿体往往赋存于断裂构造之中，甚低频电磁法（VLF-EM）以其成本低廉、轻便高效，以及对脉状矿（化）体特有的灵敏性而具有特色。文章通过对以脉状形式产出的金、铅锌（银）及萤石矿的VLF-EM找矿勘查实例，探讨了VLF-EM对这类矿床勘查的有效性和优越性，结果表明该方法对脉状矿床勘查评价有重要意义。     

Role of water in the origin of podiform chromitite deposits

We report experiments in basalt oversaturated with water to duplicate the nodular ore textures of podiform chromitite ores. In immiscible basalt-water systems saturated with olivine and chromite, olivine will reside in the melt while chromite will collect in the fluid phase. Fractionation is physical and is driven by differential wetting properties of melt and fluid against silicate and oxide surfaces. There is no need to suppress olivine from the liquidus of a primitive basaltic melt as suggested by Irvine [Irvine, T.N., Geology 5 (1977) 273-277], to achieve chromite accumulations as observed in natural podiform ore deposits. The results imply that podiform chromitite ores will form where a primitive olivine-chromite-saturated mantle melt is sufficiently water-rich to exsolve a fluid phase during passage through the uppermost mantle. The most likely geodynamic environment for podiform chromite mineralization to take place is a supra-subduction zone setting.     

粤桂边境庞西垌—金山银金矿床特征与成因

庞西垌—金山银金矿床位于广东廉江县与广西博白县的交界,是一个以银为主,含有金、铅、锌等伴生有益组分的银多金属矿床。地质地球化学研究结果表明,该矿床是中低温蚀变构造岩型银金矿床。矿床的成矿物质主要来源于前寒武系—寒武系变质岩系,燕山期英桥花岗岩浆活动提供了热源,驱使以大气降水为主含有岩浆热液的混合水循环并对围岩进行淋滤,形成成矿溶液体系;成矿溶液沿多期次活动的庞西垌—金山断裂带运移,在运移过程中与围岩发生蚀变作用,矿床最后定位,矿化与硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化关系密切。     

冀东地区金矿床类型及其地质特征

冀东地区是我国重要的金矿床密集区之一。根据金矿床形成的地质环境和后期的活化改造作用特征,将本区金矿床划分为两大系列、五大类型,两大系列为以太古宙花岗岩-绿岩带为容矿岩的金矿床系列和以中新元古界碎屑岩碳酸盐岩为容矿岩的金矿床系列。以太古宙花岗岩-绿岩带为容矿岩的金矿床系列又划分为绿岩带同构造期初生型金矿床和绿岩带后构造期与中生代壳源深熔花岗岩有关的再生型金矿床。以中新元古界碎屑岩碳酸盐岩为容矿岩的金矿床系列再细分为与造山带岩浆隐爆作用有关的金矿床,与造山带碰撞型壳源深熔花岗岩有关的金矿床和与造山带伸展构造作用有关的金矿床。同时分别叙述了冀东地区各类金矿床的地质特征。     

不同景观区的岩石地球化学勘查方法研究

通过不同景观区岩石测量方法技术研究,提出了以岩屑测量、构造岩石地球化学测量、脉岩地球化学测量和面型岩石地球化学为主体的岩石地球化学测量技术方法系统。在森林覆盖区和风成沙干扰区以及残山戈壁区等浅覆盖区域可采用岩屑测量圈定矿化地段;在岩石裸露区和已开采的矿山采用构造岩石裂隙测量和脉岩测量追踪深部盲矿;面型岩石测量以一定面积的网格采集单元组合样,其具有样品采集和分析数量少、获取信息量大、可圈定不同尺度的找矿靶区的优点。