成像测井缝洞解释评价研究进展

综合露头刻度井、数值模拟和物理模拟的实验结果对微电阻率扫描成像测井缝洞解释评价的研究进展进行了总结和探讨,分别包括岩芯归位、缝洞刻度率、岩芯和成像裂缝参数的差异性,以及裂缝宽度和地层孔隙度的计算.岩芯归位确定了缝洞体在地层中的深度和方位.电成像测井对过井眼未充填缝和孔洞发育段的刻度率为100％,而单个孔洞在岩芯和电成像...     

塔里木盆地奥陶系萤石脉—油气叠合成藏作用——高分辨率成像测井资料提供的证据

根据高分辨率电阻率成像测井解释,结 合岩心观察及薄片资料,探讨了塔里木盆 地塔中X井下奥陶统灰岩段内罕见的萤石脉—油气叠合成藏现象。萤石脉侵位于二叠纪塔里 木盆地中西部区域性火山活动时期,由上侵至地层浅部的低温岩浆热液沿断层、裂隙发育带 充填而成。萤石脉及其附近灰岩围岩中溶洞的形成为后期油气聚集提供了良好的储集条件, 它与充足的油气来源及上覆巨厚中、上奥陶统泥质岩有利的封盖条件配合,促成了油气在萤 石脉基础上的叠合成藏。该油气藏的发现为塔里木盆地油气勘探开辟了一个新领域,并丰富 了传统的油气成藏理论。     

由声测井资料计算反射系数序列中多分辨逼近的选择

介绍了由声测井资料计算反射系数序列中的多分辨率逼近理论,详细分析了由高分辨率的声测井资料计算低分辨率的反射系数序列的地质要求,进而在理论上讨论了此类问题中多分辨逼近的选择,并比较了由Ｈａａｒ系与由三次样条函数构造的多分辨率逼近这两种典型的多分辨逼近。最后利用理论模型及实际资料算例验证了选择恰当的多分辨率逼近在解决这类问题中的有效性。     

利用成像测井资料标定常规测井资料裂隙发育参数的方法研究

成像测井对于评价碳酸盐岩储层地质特征有很好的效果，但成本较高。在分析成像提取的缝、洞发育参数与常规测井各响应之间相互关系的基础上，研究了常规测井响应与缝、洞发育的相关程度。应用多元线性回归方法，建立以常规测井响应计算缝洞发育参数——裂缝密度、裂缝视孔隙度、溶孔密度和面孔率方程。对回归效果进行对比分析与地层的实际情况符合较好。     

鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田马家沟组五段白云岩沉积微相测井识别与评价

通过岩芯和薄片观察,结合常规、成像测井和试气等资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田奥陶系马家沟组马五段白云岩沉积特征进行了研究。结果表明马五₅—马五₁₀亚段白云岩储层为典型相控型储层,储层类型主要是白云岩晶间孔及晶间溶孔型。其沉积相分为开阔台地和局限台地两类,且开阔台地主要发育滩间海及台内滩亚相,局限台地则发育潮坪及颗粒滩亚相,其中砂屑滩、台内滩、云坪等是优质储层发育的有利沉积微相带。通过对不同微相的常规测井曲线和成像测井图像对比分析,建立起一套适用于马五₅—马五₁₀亚段台地相的成像测井沉积微相识别模式,包括块状模式、条带模式、层状模式、线状模式、斑状模式和暗斑-线状组合模式等6种成像测井相模式。通过常规、成像测井组合特征实现了单井纵向上沉积微相的连续识别与划分。结合测井解释结论及生产试气资料,进一步验证了有利沉积微相对储层有效性的控制作用,深化了奥陶系马五段碳酸盐岩沉积相成像特征及有利储层的认识,对马家沟组碳酸盐岩天然气的勘探开发具有指导意义。     

基于T-GIS方法的大学生时空变化规律研究

T-GIS作为GIS的一个新兴研究领域,用于采集、存储、管理、分析与显示地理实体随时间变化的信息。结合T-GIS和时间地理学基本理论,以华中师范大学为例,分析了学生时空活动的动态表现,利用学生出行日志的问卷调查数据,开发了基于ArcGIS的大学生行为链时空分布工具,揭示了典型时间断面大学生的空间分布特征,为高校管理人员对大学生行为活动实施管理以及掌握校园相关设施、场所的利用情况等提供依据。该方法同样适用于其他与时态相关的领域。     

A simple approach to define Holocene sequence stratigraphy using borehole and cone penetration test data

Cone penetration testing has been widely used since the 1950s for determining the subsurface geotechnical conditions of unconsolidated sediments. This paper highlights the potential value of cone penetration testing as an aid to define the stratigraphic structure of Holocene sedimentary deposits. By calibrating cone penetration test logs with adjacent borehole logs and by utilizing all the available information produced during geotechnical surveying, stratigraphic models that accurately describe the vertical and lateral boundaries, as well as the stacking pattern, of Late Quaternary systems can be constructed. The widespread application and technical simplicity of cone penetration testing, combined with simple data interpretation via correlation with adjacent borehole logs, yield a useful and inexpensive tool for sedimentological investigations. This methodology is illustrated using data from 36 cone penetration tests and 11 boreholes on the Holocene deltaic plain of the Aliakmon River, Greece. Sedimentological and stratigraphic information from core log correlations, the spatial distribution of cone penetration test parameters, sediment grain size and per cent concentration of organic matter are utilized. The results suggest, that in sequence stratigraphic terms, the delta is divided into a lowstand systems tract composed by fluvial gravels and sands (U0) of Late Pleistocene age, as well as from red oxidized clays, and a transgressive systems tract represented by fluvial channel sands (U1), overlain by a thin transgressive sand sheet of coastal origin (U2), characterized by fining upward trends. The highstand systems tract is constituted by a variety of stratigraphic units (U3 to U7) and depositional environments, characterized by coarsening upward sequences, representing both aggradational and progradational facies, and dominated by the presence of three prograding wedges. Detailed definition of the thickness, vertical boundaries and stacking pattern of the resolved stratigraphic units, presented as a two‐dimensional stratigraphic model, demonstrates the applicability of the proposed method.     

Inference of past climate from borehole temperature data using Bayesian Reversible Jump Markov chain Monte Carlo

Estimates of past climate derived from borehole temperatures are assuming a greater importance in context of the millennial temperature variation debate. However, recovery of these signals is usually performed with regularization which can potentially lead to underestimation of past variation when noise is present. In this work Bayesian inference is applied to this problem with no explicit regularization. To achieve this Reversible Jump Markov chain Monte Carlo is employed, and this allows models of varying complexity (i.e. variable dimensions) to be sampled so that it is possible to infer the level of ground surface temperature (GST) history resolution appropriate to the data. Using synthetic examples, we show that the inference of the GST signal back to more than 500 yr is robust given boreholes of 500 m depth and moderate noise levels and discuss the associated uncertainties. We compare the prior information we have used with the inferred posterior distribution to show which parts of the GST reconstructions are independent of this prior information. We demonstrate the application of the method to real data using five boreholes from southern England. These are modelled both individually and jointly, and appear to indicate a spatial trend of warming over 500 yr across the south of the country.     

综合利用测井曲线研究英台地区沉积微相──以青三段二砂组为例

本文利用综合测井曲线，在前人沉积大相及亚相研究的基础上，对英台地区下白垩统青山口组三段二砂组（ｋ１ｑｎ３２）进行了沉积微相研究，目的在于进一步提高测井曲线信息的利用率，了解单砂层展布、规模和相带分区，为合理开发油气田提供依据。     

Development of a database system for the management of borehole data: Experience and lessons

CBS-LOG is a multilingual database system for the management of coal exploratory borehole data. It is a dBase application running on PC's with minimum configurations. Developing a suitably accurate database requires some strategic choices and lots of discussions and compromises between experts. The experience shows that it is absolutely necessary to follow strictly the development flowsheet and that the difficulties rely mainly on communication and human aspects of mathematical geology. A step by step approach is reviewed in terms of experience and lessons.