Magnetic interpretation of two-dimensional dikes using integration-nomograms

The magnetic anomaly caused by a buried dike is separated into its even and odd components, which have a simple symmetry with respect to the origin. These values are integrated up to the half-maximum abscissa for the even component, and the maximum abscissa for the odd component. The integration nomograms are generated using various values to the half-width and depth in the theoretical anomaly equations. These nomograms are used to determine the half-width and depth to the top of the dike for the field anomaly. The method also includes the determination of the index parameter (Q) and the amplitude coefficient (P). An example using theoretical data shows the effectiveness of the present method.     

Multiscale segmentation of well logs

Examination of well logs leads to the observation that they exhibit characteristic behavior over a wide range of scales, differing from a foot to hundreds of feet. This behavior is not accounted for in conventional segmentation methods. The segmentation method that is proposed here aims to solve this problem. It is based on a multiscale representation of the well log. This is a representation of the well log at different levels of smoothness. The behavior of edges, which are associated with extrema of the first derivative, across scales is of great importance in the segmentation. Analysis of this behavior leads to a multiscale segmentation of the well log, in which a fine-scale segment is a part of one coarse scale segment only. In this way the geologist is able to analyze the log at different scales simultaneously. An extension of this approach is not to preserve all fine-scale information but to zoom in only on parts of the log where it is considered to be of interest.     

Classification of rock weathering at writing-on-stone Provincial Park,Alberta, Canada: A study in applied geomorphology

At Writing-On-Stone Provincial Park in southern Alberta, Canada, weathering is causing deterioration and loss of archaeologically important Indian rock art. A procedure devised for the use of park personnel identified four classes of weathering ranging from largely unweathered rock to severely weathered. The technique employed simple visual, qualitative assessment and photo interpretation of 50 sample sections of sandstone cliff face covering a total area of 354 m². Schmidt hammer tests indicated large variations in rock strength and provided a numerical basis for the visual assessment. About 43 per cent of the cliffs are severely to completely weathered, 41 per cent show moderate weathering.     

测井技术在泰安姚庄油页岩勘探中的识别应用

油页岩是一种很有前景的油气资源,测井技术是油页岩矿勘探开发的关键技术。该文依托姚庄地区油页岩矿钻孔的测井工作,通过对典型钻孔zk002的测井资料进行分析对比,得出测井曲线的变化与岩层有机质含量的关系,识别出地层岩性,并定出含油页岩层厚度,其结果与地质岩心钻探结果基本一致,因此,测井技术能较好地识别含油页岩层。     

The present-day stress field of New South Wales,Australia

The Australian continent displays the most complex pattern of present-day tectonic stress observed in any major continental area. Although plate boundary forces provide a well-established control on the large-scale (>500 km) orientation of maximum horizontal stress (S_Hmax), smaller-scale variations, caused by local forces, are poorly understood in Australia. Prior to this study, the World Stress Map database contained 101 S_Hmax orientation measurements for New South Wales (NSW), Australia, with the bulk of the data coming from shallow engineering tests in the Sydney Basin. In this study we interpret present-day stress indicators analysed from 58.6 km of borehole image logs in 135 coal-seam gas and petroleum wells in different sedimentary basins of NSW, including the Gunnedah, Clarence-Moreton, Sydney, Gloucester, Darling and Bowen–Surat basins. This study provides a refined stress map of NSW, with a total of 340 (A–E quality) S_Hmax orientations consisting of 186 stress indicators from borehole breakouts, 69 stress measurements from shallow engineering methods, 48 stress indicators from drilling-induced fractures, and 37 stress indicators from earthquake focal mechanism solutions. We define seven stress provinces throughout NSW and determine the mean orientation of the S_Hmax for each stress province. The results show that the S_Hmax is variable across the state, but broadly ranges from NE–SW to ESE–WNW. The S_Hmax is approximately E–W to ESE–WNW in the Darling Basin and Southeastern Seismogenic Zone that covers the west and south of NSW, respectively. However, the present-day S_Hmax rotates across the northeastern part of NSW, from approximately NE–SW in the South Sydney and Gloucester basins to ENE–WSW in the North Sydney, Clarence-Moreton and Gunnedah basins. Comparisons between the observed S_Hmax orientations and Australian stress models in the available literature reveal that previous numerical models were unable to satisfactorily predict the state of stress in NSW. Although clear regional present-day stress trends exist in NSW, there are also large perturbations observed locally within most stress provinces that demonstrate the significant control on local intraplate sources of stress. Local S_Hmax perturbations are interpreted to be due to basement topography, basin geometry, lithological contrasts, igneous intrusions, faults and fractures. Understanding and predicting local stress perturbations has major implications for determining the most productive fractures in petroleum systems, and for modelling the propagation direction and vertical height growth of induced hydraulic fractures in simulation of unconventional reservoirs.     

西大明山铅锌矿田成矿带地质解译及矿化蚀变遥感信息提取研究

通过收集西大明山铅锌矿田成矿带地质、遥感、已知矿点等资料,利用TM遥感图像处理技术,在假彩色合成及比值假彩色合成图像上提取与铅锌矿成矿有关的构造、围岩蚀变信息,并在TM图像上地质解译出线性、环形构造,将所获得的多种遥感信息进行复合。结合该区域已知资料,综合圈定出5个成矿远景区,为西大明山地区进一步开展矿产资源调查工作提供了基础资料和科学依据。     

瓦南矿区钒钛磁铁矿重力、可控源综合勘查应用效果

瓦南基性-超基性岩型钒钛磁铁矿具有高磁高密低阻特性,具备开展物探勘查的前提。在地面磁测圈定的磁异常部位开展了重力、可控源音频大地电磁(CSAMT)综合剖面勘查,结合成矿规律研究成果进行了联合解译,推断了深部隐伏矿体的位置。在综合物探异常部位钻探发现了厚度40m以上的钒钛磁铁矿体,取得了良好的找矿效果。     

新疆索拉克地区成矿信息要素遥感解译研究及应用

本文采用多源遥感数据,在新疆阿尔金成矿带的索拉克地区开展成矿信息要素遥感解译.通过综合研究成矿信息的遥感地质特征、遥感影像特征、遥感蚀变矿物信息特征,进一步构建遥感解译找矿模型.利用该找矿模型,在索拉克周边区域圈定多金属找矿预测区.通过野外查证,新发现铜、金等多金属矿化线索,取得较好的找矿效果.