基于地理区位的区域发展分析——以重庆市为例

文章在对比分析区位与地理区位的基础上,提出了区域地理区位分析的双层次模式,认为区域发展所需分析的地理区位可分为一级,二级地理区位两个层次,对区域地理区位的总体认识可以通过对二级地理区位的具体分析来实现,其中,自然地理区位,人文地理区位和经济地理区位构成一级地理区位,农业,工业,商贸,交通通信,工程,资源,环境,旅游,城市和政治等地理区位共同构成二级地理区位,同时,以该双层次模式对重庆市的地理区位进行个案研究,具体分析了重庆市二级地理区位的优劣势,并据此提出重庆市在“西部大开发”中,基于地理区位条件的若干区域发展对策建议。     

信息时代的企业区位研究

信息化对传统经济地理学的许多理论和概念提出了新的挑战.其中,尤其值得关注的是信息化对传统区位理论提出的挑战以及赋予其的新活力.本文首先分析信息技术广泛应用对企业区位因子的影响,然后深入探讨信息技术对企业区位产生影响的机制,最后通过美特斯邦威案例进行验证.研究表明,信息化逐渐成为企业区位选择的核心因素之一;同时,信息化也对其他区位因子产生重要影响,主要表现为促进传统物质区位因子的弱化以及带来新区位因子作用的不断突显.在信息技术驱动的企业区位再选择的过程中,“时间成本”是决定新区位的核心机制.     

文化创意产业区位模型与浙江实证

以浙江省为例,基于区位熵方法借助从业人员数据刻画文化创意产业空间格局,并运用主成分分析法与OLS模型,甄别驱动因素佐证文化创意产业区位模型。结果表明：① 市域尺度浙江文化创意产业区位规律不仅具有“资本空间”（杭州）集聚性,还具有“地方空间”（舟山、金华和台州）分异性;② 经济科教、政府支持、市场需求、环境、交通和地方性是重要区位因素,且不同重点行业、不同地理层级所受区位因素不尽相同;③ 浙江文化创意产业全行业区位特征主要是基础设施和管治双要素驱动型,8重点行业区位特征主要是“软因子”驱动型;④ 研究有助于提升城市文化创意产业政策着力点与规划调控协同性。     

Human’s digital footprints on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Variations during festivals and impacts on nature reserves

Mobile internet and wireless communication technologies have produced unprecedented location-aware data. Such big geospatial data can be used as a proxy measure of the ‘digital footprints' left by us on the planet and provide a valuable opportunity to understand the dynamic and short-term human disturbance on the nature at fine scales. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of human's digital footprints on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using smartphone-users-generated Tencent's location request data. The results showed that human's digital footprints cover less than 5% of Qinghai and Tibet, exhibiting either a U-shaped or an N-shaped temporal change pattern during the major festivals. Spatial changes of the digital footprints manifested a transition process from dispersion to concentration in Xining and Lhasa. Human disturbance assessment of seven large nature reserves on the plateau showed that the Qinghai Lake is the most disturbed one as shown by 14.6% of its area is stained with human digital footprints and the areal average of footprint intensity is 1.59, and the disturbance was significantly escalated during the National Day holiday. By contrast, the Qangtang and Hoh Xil are the least affected nature reserves with the two indices less than 1% and 0.1, respectively.     

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN COMMUTING DISTANCE,RESIDENCE, AND EMPLOYMENT LOCATION: METROPOLITAN HAIFA 1972 AND 1983*

This paper highlights three major aspects of gender differences in employment in Haifa, Israel (1972 and 1983): commuting distance, place of residence, and employment location. In 1972 working womenaposs residences were more central-city-oriented, whereas in 1983 they were more suburbanized. Commuting distances increased between 1972 and 1983 for both sexes, but more for men than for women. This shorter “female'’distance is related to the location of employment and its occupational segregation. The lower commuting values in Haifa compared to other places relate to the size, housing patterns, and structure of the study area, and to its levels of suburbanization and automobile ownership.     

A study on regional difference of China’s paid urban landuse system and grading

At present, paid urban landuse system is one of the most important economic reform in China. In the other words, landuse right can be transferred and land users must pay the rent to the state according to the quality of land. It is necessary to apply the theory of rent and location to the economic approaisal of urban land. China is vast in territory. Is’s geographical condition and economic development vary from place to place, so does the urban land value. In order to reveal the difference of land value between different cities, the following method is used. (1) Analysing the factors and elements that affect the quality of urban land. Six factors including 17 elements were selected in this paper: macrolocation of a city, benefit of urban aggregation, infrastructure investment, output value of urban land, potential of urban land, and investment intensity. (2) Deciding the weight andvalue of each factor. (3) Appraising each element separately. (4) Accounting the value of all factors and getting the total appraisal score of each city. (5) Grouping the 430 Chinese cities into sevencategories according to the appraisal values. The result shows that all the cities in the category with the highest land output values are in the coast belt, whereas most cities in the inland and outlying areas are belong to the category with low rank. For example, 87% of the cities in the outlying regions are belong to the lowest rank. Although there are some relationship between the size of cities and urban land rank, generally speaking, the larger the city, the higher the urban land rank. In fact, the locational condition is the most important factor which influences the rank of urban land.     

A STUDY ON RATIONAL LOCATION OF THE COTTON PRODUCTION IN CHINA

Cotton is the leading cash crop in China. The cotton sown area accounts for about 30per cent of the total sown area of all the various cash crops. It is the main material used in the textile industry in China. More than 95per cent of textile materials were cotton during the 1950s; and it still occupies 80per cent at present. There are some problems concerning rational location of cotton production in China. In order to solve the problems existing in civil cotton production and supply, in view of strategy, a number of cotton production bases must be selected and built step by step in a planned way. The location of cotton production should be adjusted progressively in accordance with the existing problems. The existing cotton production regions should be consolidated and improved. The cotton production region of the middle and lower reaches of the Huanghe River should be renewed quichly to make it become the largest stable and high-yield cotton preduction region. In the regions with suitable natural condi     

PRINCIPLES FOR THE LOCATION OF SYNAGOGUES: SYMBOLISM AND FUNCTIONALISM IN A SPATIAL CONTEXT

Two traditional Jewish approaches to the location of synagogues can be found, one symbolic and one functional. The locational requirements are not identical; the symbolic approach deals with idealistic spatial status while the functional approach poses realistic locational demands. This spatio-locational conflict reflects a problematic situation on both theoretical and practical levels.     

Seismic regime of the west Bohemian earthquake swarm region: Preliminary results

Summary The western part of the Bohemian Massif located between two tectonic units, the Moldanubian and the Saxo-Thuringian, is characterized by the re-occurrence of earthquake swarms. The focal region for these swarms includes the territory of West Bohemia and the adjacent territory of SE Saxony and NE Bavaria. During the most recent swarm in December 1985 – January 1986, more than 8000 small earthquakes were recorded; the two largest earthquakes with local magnitudes (M_L) of 4·6 and 4·1. This paper presents a summary of the seismic energy release in space and time for the western part of the Bohemian Massif, based on seismic observations of permanent seismic stations established in West Bohemia since 1986. It was found out that microearthquake activity, mostly of a swarm-like character, persisted between two macroseismically observed swarms. The foci of the microearthquakes predominantly cluster in six main epicentral zones, four of which are located in West Bohemia or in its immediate vicinity in Saxony. The remaining two are in Saxony and in Bavaria. The four epicentral zones in West Bohemia were studied in detail. It was found that the individual zones differ in size, in depth of hypocentres, in geometry, as well as in temporal activity. Moreover, it was found that the seismicity in the most active epicentral zone is closely related to the system of principal tectonic faults referred to as the Kruné Hory fault and the Mariánské Lázn fault.     

渭河断陷及邻近地区震源空间分布规律探讨

选取１０３°～１１３°Ｅ,３１°～３９°Ｎ范围内陕西、山西、河南、湖北、甘肃、宁夏等省（区）共７９个地震观测台站１９８４—１９９３年的观测资料,对于被４个以上台站所记录到的地震,根据其直达横波与纵波的到时差,采用鲍威尔（Ｐｏｗｅｌ）搜索法重新进行了定位,测定了震源深度,共得到２０５１个可定震中的地震的震源深度数据．作出了渭河断陷及邻近地区现代地震的震中分布图、震源空间分布图、震源深度的平均等值线分布图、震源深度的经向剖面图和纬向剖面图．根据这些资料对震源空间分布规律进行了初步探讨．结果表明,渭河断陷及邻近地区震源的空间分布是不均匀的,与该地区大地构造的差异性及地壳速度结构的非均匀性密切相关．