新一代天气雷达对局地强风暴预警的改善

介绍美国新一代天气雷达 (WSR 88D)与传统天气雷达在探测和预警局地强风暴方面的评分对比。评分系统采用命中率POD、误警率FAR和警报提前时间。这有助于了解正在布网的我国新一代天气雷达可能带来的对局地强对流风暴预警能力的改善程度。     

非线性规划单纯形算法的改进算法

在常规非线性单纯形算法的基础上 ,提出了一种实用的改进算法 ,即将初始搜索值作为初值 ,并逐步改变顶点距离二次搜索的方法 ,有效地避免了常规算法易陷入局部最优的缺点     

大姚水温动态异常与地方震的对应

通过对大姚高精度水温1986年观测以来100km范围内发生5．0级以上地震前后的水温动态特征分析，结果表明大姚水温动态在地方震前基值上升，周期变化形态消失或畸变，震时有同震反应，震后存在震后效应，水温动态具有震前异常变化明显且多为短临异常的特点，对观测井周围的地方震预测具有较高的实用价值。初步探讨了水温动态异常的可能原因。     

筛选-趋势分析法分离区域异常与局部异常

根据异常特征,借助Mapgis软件,筛选实测数据中受局部异常影响较小的测点,用一个n阶多项式所表示的曲线或曲面去逼近这部分测点所在的区域异常,用该多项式系数计算整个测区各测点的多项式值,并以它为测点的区域异常,进而求得局部异常。     

新集二矿1306工作面矿井涌水量研究与防治措施

根据新集二矿1306工作面地质与水文地质资料，以及邻近1307工作面开采的相关资料，开展了1306工作面煤层开采覆岩地质破坏特征与矿井涌水量预测的研究，获得了13-1煤层采动对顶板覆岩产生的变形及破坏状况，1306工作面开采时得预计涌水量。以此为依据，全面制定了1306工作面开采的综合防治水措施。     

Exchange dynamics of a shallow contaminated wetland

Flux pathways are investigated for a wetland system comprised of a river flowing through two shallow forebays and then entering the main basin of a lake. The hydrodynamic exchanges between these three components influence the fate and transport of heavy metals in the system. During non-storm summer flows the river plume, comprised of river water and entrained forebay water, was cooler than the lake surface water and so plunged as it entered the main basin and inserted near the seasonal thermocline. Because the river plume plunged, only a fraction of its metals flux was available to the epilimnion. A return flow into the forebay was always observed immediately above the river inflow, ensuring a predominantly two-layer exchange system. However during days of negative heat flux (surface heating), an additional exchange mechanism existed when the surface waters from the forebay formed a buoyant plume, flowing out into the main basin. This heated outflow produced a significant, but short-lived, arsenic flux from the forebay into the surface waters of the lake.     

Economic transformation, locality and policy in eastern Germany: A comparison of two Länder

Economic transformation in post-socialist eastern Germany revealed inherent inequalities in development opportunities, which had been disguised during the socialist ancien régime. Using local examples from the two contrasting Länder of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Saxony, this paper explores how market forces not only exposed these differences, but further entrenched them at the regional and local scales. Local economies demonstrate the differential development very clearly, exposing the significance of regional economic context and raisons d'être of local economic structures. This is genuine locational advantages vis-à-vis activities imposed through ideology rather than economy-driven decrees by the old GDR regime. Many of these state-decreed activities lacked local, and regional, embeddedness, rendering the respective local economies most vulnerable to market operation. They will continue to rely on state support. The problems were exacerbated in those localities lacking support from a regional economy, as in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Conversely, market-favoured, economically attractive regions, like Saxony, generally help localities develop their new economic roles, including those with few indigenous advantages. These fundamental differences in opportunities, illustrated here for six cities, are reflected in local policy-making, especially the role of localness and utilization of local identity.     

地方地震工作管理人员的气质分析

每个人都有自己独特的气质，并对社会实践产生影响，在我们平时的管理工作中，个人气质特征对于职业的选择，或适应新的工作环境，以及通过气质训练来提高工作效率，都具有重要的意义。本文运用管理心理学，管理行为学的原理，着重对地方地震工作管理人员的气质表现和途径进行了初步探讨，意在抛砖引玉。