巢北栖霞灰岩中的脆韧性剪切构造的研究

安徽巢北二叠纪的栖霞灰岩中发育了多条小型剪切带。剪切带的宽度介于数十厘米到1米之间,顺层分布。剪切带强烈部位发育了大量方解石脉、强烈片理化及发育了大量斜歪褶皱。在剪切带中脆韧性剪切构造非常发育,主要有各类剪切面理、S-C组构、线理、斜歪褶皱、眼球构造、柱状构造及其他多种显微剪切构造,其中部分未见有报道。研究表明,巢北二叠纪的栖霞灰岩中剪切带中脆韧性剪切构造是在3000米左右深的超浅层发育的,最大深度不超过5500米。地下流体、尤其是有机质成熟过程中排放的有机酸形流体促进了方解石在超浅层条件下发生脆韧性变形。     

阿尔泰可可托海3号脉花岗伟晶岩侵位机制、熔-流体演化、稀有金属富集机理及待解之谜

新疆阿尔泰可可托海3号脉以独特的实心礼帽形态、完美的同心环状结构分带和复杂的稀有金属矿化组合闻名于世,是我国最重要的稀有金属矿床之一。可可托海3号脉伟晶岩岩浆具有不均一性和高度演化特征。伟晶岩岩浆沿缓倾斜节理上侵,在周缘断裂的帮助下通过岩浆顶蚀形成实心礼帽形态。岩浆就位后经历了岩浆阶段、岩浆-热液阶段和热液阶段,分别伴随Be-Nb-Ta、Li-Be-Nb-Ta和Ta-Cs-Rb-Hf矿化。结晶分异作用和液相不混溶控制着3号脉的稀有金属富集和沉淀序列,流体交代可影响稀有金属再分配。外部带(Ⅰ～Ⅳ带)的强烈结晶分异过程和发生于Ⅳ带与Ⅴ带间的流体大规模出溶,有利于岩浆达到锂饱和浓度,开始锂的大规模沉淀。指出熔-流体演化过程的精细刻画、稀有金属成矿机理的进一步解析、岩浆成因的深入探讨、挥发分P、F、B、Li和CO₂对稀有金属成矿的影响以及缓倾斜帽沿深部找矿为未来研究方向。     

Chronology of Early to Mid-Pleistocene sediments in the northern North Sea: New evidence from amino acid and strontium isotope analyses

Sediments deposited during glacial-interglacial cycles through the Early to Mid-Pleistocene in the North Sea are chronologically poorly constrained. To contribute to the chronology of these units, amino acid racemization (AAR) and strontium (Sr) isotope analyses have been performed on samples from four shallow borings and one oil well along a transect in the northern North Sea. D/L Asp (aspartic acid) values obtained through reverse-phase liquid chromatography in the benthic foraminiferal species Elphidium excavatum is focused on because of consistent results and a good stratigraphic distribution of this benthic species. For the Early Pleistocene, an age model for the well 16/1–8, from the central part of the northern North Sea based on Sr ages allows for dating of the prograding wedges filling the pre-Quaternary central basin. A regional calibration curve for the racemization of Asp in Elphidium excavatum is developed using published ages of radiocarbon-dated samples and samples associated with the previously identified Bruhnes/Matuyama (B/M) paleomagnetic boundary and a Sr age from this study. Based on all the available geochronological evidence, samples were assigned to marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) with uncertainties on the order of 10–70 ka.Sr ages suggest a hiatus of <2 million years (Ma) possibly due to non-deposition or low sedimentation between the Utsira Formation (Pliocene) and the Early Pleistocene. An increase in sedimentation rates around 1.5 ± 0.07 Ma (∼MIS 51) may partly be due to sediment supply from rivers from the south-east and partly due to the extension of ice sheet around 1.36 ± 0.07 Ma from the Norwegian coast to the central North Sea. A possible basin-wide glaciation occurred around 1.1 Ma (∼ MIS 32) (upper regional unconformity/top of unit Q4 in this study), resulting in erosion and regional unconformity. Two interglacials in the Norwegian Channel have been dated: the Radøy Interglacial to 1.07 ± 0.01 Ma (possibly MIS 31, the ‘super interglacial’), and the Norwegian Trench Interglacial to 0.50 ± 0.02 Ma (possibly MIS 13). A massive till unit identified at the same stratigraphic level in all shallow borings may partly represent an extensive MIS 12 glaciation. This study shows that the combined use of amino acid racemization data and Sr isotope chronology can refine the chronological ambiguities of Quaternary North Sea sediments related partly to the impact of glacial processes.