AVR单片机在水准仪数字化改造中的应用

利用低功耗、高性能的AVR单片机作为系统的数据处理主控单元,结合光照灵敏度较高的图像传感器和具有汉字显示的图形点阵液晶显示设备,对传统光学水准仪进行数字化改造,设计了硬件电路和软件编程,通过实验测试,提高了水准测量的精度。     

Experimental study of ore gabbro liquid immiscibility

The magma immiscibility is that an originallyuniform magma split into two liquids with differentcompositions and properties because of the changes oftemperature, pressure and composition in the mag-matic processes. The phenomenon is ubiquitous in thenature and industrial production. For example, magmaimmiscibility has been widely regarded as the mainmechanism of formation of the Cu-Ni sulphide depositAs early as the 1920s, some geologists[1] noted that anon-silicate magma, which is mainly com…     

Influence of liquid bridges on the mechanical behaviour of polydisperse granular materials

We investigate a polydisperse granular material in which the particle interactions are governed by a capillary force law. The cohesion force for a grain‐pair with unequal diameters is expressed as an explicit function of the inter‐particle distance and the volume of the liquid bridge. This analytical relation is validated by experiments on a reference material. Then, it is completed by a rupture criterion and cast in the form of a force law that accounts for solid contact, capillary force and rupture characteristics of a grain‐pair. Finally, in order to evaluate the influence of capillary cohesion on the macroscopic behaviour, radial and axial compression tests on cylindrical assemblies of wet particles are simulated using a 3D distinct element method. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Scavenging Efficiency of ‘Aerosol Carbon’ and Sulfate in Supercooled Clouds at Mt. Sonnblick (3106 m a.s.l., Austria)

Cloud water and interstitial aerosol samples collected at Mt. Sonnblick (SBO) were analyzed for sulfate and aerosol carbon to calculate in-cloud scavenging efficiencies. Scavenging efficiencies for sulfate (_SO) ranged from 0.52 to 0.99 with an average of 0.80. Aerosol carbon was scavenged less efficiently with an average value (_AC) of 0.45 and minimum and maximum values of 0.14 and 0.81, respectively. Both _SO and _AC showed a marked, but slightly different, dependence on the liquid water content (LWC) of the cloud. At low LWC, _SO increased with rising LWC until it reached a relatively constant value of 0.83 above an LWC of 0.3 g/m³. In the case of aerosol carbon, we obtained a more gradual increase of _AC up to an LWC of 0.5 g/m³. At higher LWCs, _{_} remained relatively constant at 0.60. As the differences between _SO and _A varied across the LWC range observed at SBO, we assume that part of the aerosol carbon was incorporated into the cloud droplets independently from sulfate. This hypothesis is supported by size classified aerosol measurements. The differences in the size distributions of sulfate and total carbon point to a partially external mixture. Thus, the different chemical nature and the differences in the size and mixing state of the aerosol particles are the most likely candidates for the differences in the scavenging behavior.     

河南省嵩县大坪银-铅-锌多金属矿床地质特征及找矿标志

通过工作实践认为，大坪银-铅-锌多金属矿床是火山喷流沉积一后期热液叠加改造富集的块状硫化物多金属矿床。区域上NWW-SEE向晚元古-早古生代形成的裂谷型二郎坪蛇绿岩套是本区找矿的最佳区段，具四个含矿层位。矿化、矿石、矿物、元素等成矿作用要素具明显分带特征，并与火山作用及喷流作用有关。区域构造、同生断裂及岩浆作用为重要控矿条件，而硫化物层、重晶石层、硅质岩是银-铅-锌矿床的重要找矿标志。     

建筑结构利用TLCD减振的神经网络智能控制

本文提出了建筑结构利用调谐液体柱型阻尼器（ＴＬＣＤ）减振的神经网络智能控制方法。首先阐述了确定ＴＬＣＤ半主动控制策略;然后利用ＢＰ人工神经网络方法计算并控制ＴＬＣＤ隔板孔洞的面积,以调节和控制阻尼比＆Ｔ,实现对建筑结构的智能控制。地震作用下的数值分析表明,本文所述的方法是十分有效的。     

江苏海相灵敏性软土特征研究

从近代海相地貌特征分析了江苏海相软土的形成。通过室内外试验数据的分析研究发现,该海相软土属于高含水率、高压缩性、高孔隙比、高液限、低承载力的淤泥质海相灵敏性软土。根据工程实践提出了有关海相软土加固处理的设计方法、施工技术的建议。     

液体对土工织物膨润土垫膨胀性和渗透性的影响

近年来土工织物膨润土垫（GCL）被越来越多地应用到各种防渗工程中,它的膨胀性和渗透性也成为了设计人员和研究人员所关注的焦点。通过水化膨胀试验、自由膨胀试验和渗透试验,研究了液体对GCL膨胀性能和渗透性能的影响以及膨胀性和渗透性之间存在的相关关系。试验结果表明, 水化液和渗透液的种类对GCL的膨胀性和渗透性有很大影响,其影响分别为：(1) 水化液相同时,渗透液的种类对GCL的渗透系数有影响,而渗透液相同时,水化液的种类对GCL的渗透系数也有影响;(2) GCL的水化膨胀量和渗透系数之间存在相关关系,水化膨胀量越大,渗透系数就越低;(3) GCL中膨润土的自由膨胀量和GCL的渗透系数之间也存在相关关系,自由膨胀量越大,GCL的渗透系数就越低。     

中天山山区大气总水汽量和云液水量的遥感研究

使用QFW-1型双通道微波辐射计,于2002年盛夏(7月10日至8月5日)在天山山区乌鲁木齐河流域上风方的小渠子进行了大气积分水汽和云中积分液水量的遥感观测。观测表明;中天山山区盛夏的晴天平均大气水汽含量与目前公认的亚洲大气中的水汽含量相近;晴天的平均大气水汽量具有明显的日变化。对降水云系的液态水含量及其变化遥感监测表明:云系降水具有先兆性;不同类型降水性云的降水临界值不同;云液水由0.5 mm开始上升到降水临界值的降水酝酿期的时间,可以作为天山山区人工增雨实施播云作业的重要参照指标。     

对现行规范以液性指数IL确定极限端阻力标准值qpk的质疑

通过对某工程单桩极限承载力标准值不满足设计要求的原因进行深入分析,指出持力层土所含的高岭土浸水软化,当受到荷载作用时,在桩端周围形成塑性剪切滑移面,产生局部剪切破坏,大大降低了桩端持力层土的极限端阻力标准值qpk,从而指出现行《建筑桩基技术规范》(JGJ 94-94)[1]仅以液性指数IL,确定极限端阻力标准值qpk值存在不足,宜综合压缩模量Es和孔隙比e而定。