浅谈路基石灰土掺灰剂量施工技术

在施工过程中,石灰土路基掺灰焖料、二次掺灰、摊铺、碾压再到最后的质量检测周期相对较长,那么掺灰剂量如何检测、路基压实标准如何确定,是本文主要探讨的问题。文章介绍了南沿江高速公路QR标石灰土路基施工中,有关掺灰剂量的检测方法和压实度的检测依据,供同行参考。     

Effects of lime treatment on the geotechnical properties of dredged mud

Abstract

The preloading method has been widely applied in land reclamation as a green and economical approach to ground improvement. To improve the consolidation behavior, the addition of lime generally improves soil performance. In this article, a modified oedometer equipped with a tactile pressure sensor and a bender–extender element is employed. The effects of lime treatment on the geotechnical properties of dredged mud are investigated; these properties include the coefficient of the earth pressure at rest (K₀), settlement, drainage behavior, and evolution of the elastic wave velocity. The results reveal that the addition of lime not only influences the specimen’s deformation behavior but also influences its shear strength during and after loading. Combined with the evolution of the elastic wave velocity, the microstructural evolution of the specimen could be described and explained. It is concluded that a compressional wave is more sensitive to the change in the specimen’s void ratio and saturation. For K₀, initially (<25?kPa), the higher the lime content is, the greater the K₀ fluctuation is. Afterwards, the higher the lime content is, the smaller the K₀ fluctuation is, and finally K₀ slowly approaches approximately 0.2.     

油页岩提硅渣铝溶出实验研究

针对提取氧化硅后的油页岩灰渣,对改良碱石灰烧结法提取氧化铝过程中的铝溶出进行了实验研究,主要探讨了烧结温度、烧结时间、碱铝比及钙硅比对烧结熟料中的物相特点及铝溶出率的影响。运用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)对烧结熟料进行的物相分析结果显示,主要物相为铝酸钠(NaAlO₂)和硅酸钙钠(Na₂CaSiO₄)。烧结实验结果表明,当烧结温度为1 150℃,保温时间为1.5 h,碱铝比为1.0,钙硅比为1.0时,烧结熟料中氧化铝的标准溶出率可达94%。     

Pre‐treatment of Waste Foundry Sand Via Solidification/Stabilization

This study was performed to propose a suitable treatment for waste foundry sand (WFS) before persistent disposal. It was observed that solidification/stabilization (S/S), which is the common pre‐treatment method because of its comparatively easy and inexpensive applicability, can treat WFS including dissolved organic carbon (DOC) above hazardous landfilling limits. Regular sand was partially replaced with WFS with a ratio of 0–90 wt% in order to prepare three different kinds of mortar samples, where Portland limestone cement (PLC) alone, calcium lime (CL) alone, and PLC together with CL were contained as binders. Leaching behaviors of all S/S products were analyzed according to the TS EN 12457‐4 leaching test. The treatment efficiency was assessed to reduce the DOC content to the levels under the European landfill acceptance criteria. Furthermore, heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Cr), fluoride (F^?), total dissolved solids leachability, and total organic carbon content were analyzed in order to investigate the pre‐treatment ability and to determine whether S/S products can be disposed of in a landfill site with municipal wastes or in a separate landfill site. The results showed that S/S of WFS is an efficient pre‐treatment technique before its disposal in a landfill and provides economical advantages compared to hazardous waste landfilling.     

消石灰对膨胀土团粒化作用的研究

用消石灰作为外掺剂,进行了两种不同的膨胀土的对比试验。研究了不同灰剂量和龄期对膨胀土“团粒化”作用效果的影响。对于消石灰改性膨胀土而言,不同性质膨胀土界限含水率的改性效果不尽相同。强膨胀土的改性效果相对较为明显,而弱膨胀土的改性效果相对较差,其改性效果存在一个下限。在膨胀土路基的施工中,二次掺灰工艺的闷料周期可以相对缩短。这样不仅有利于加快施工进度,同时对提高石灰改良土碾压质量和加固效果十分有利。     

高速公路建设中中膨胀土特性的试验研究

随着高速公路建设的迅速发展,遇到的与膨胀土相关的工程问题也日益增多,以实际高速公路工程为依托,通过室内和现场试验,对中膨胀土的物理力学特性以及中膨胀土经过石灰改性处理后的的效果进行了研究。结果发现：未经石灰改性的中膨胀土在最佳含水量条件下有较高的强度,浸水饱和后膨胀量大,强度衰减很多,水稳定性很差;经石灰改性后的中膨胀土强度有很大提高,水稳定性也较好。这说明在工程建设中只要采取有效的处置措施和合理的施工方法,中膨胀土可以作为高速公路路堤的填筑材料。     

配加萤石、石膏复合矿化剂的立窑水泥熟料工艺岩石学的研究

配加萤石、石膏复合矿化剂的立窑水泥熟料可以分为4种类型:即葡萄状熟料、熔融烧结料、死烧块状料和还原料。这种水泥熟料都是由硅酸三钙、铁铝酸四钙、硅酸二钙、铝酸三钙以及少量的自由氧化钙组成的。在质量上熔融烧结熟料和死烧块状料优于葡萄状熟料,而还原料是所有热料中质量最差的。我们要改进水泥熟料的质量,必需降低还原料的数量。从工艺岩石学的观点来看,提高水泥熟料的质量,必需增加硅酸三钙、铁铝酸四钙的数量,减少自由氧化钙的数量,如果我们生产后述的水泥熟料,其质量一定是好的。     

冻融作用对垃圾填埋场防渗层性能的影响

建立系列模拟实验研究了冻融作用对垃圾填埋场防渗层防渗和去污性能的影响。实验结果表明：冻融作用对垃圾填埋场防渗层有一定的破坏作用,对渗透系数和污染物的去除能力均有重要影响;冻融前的渗透系数均低于国家标准（1.0×10^-7 cm/s）,冻融后防渗层的渗透系数增加2～6倍;防渗层对COD、Cl^-和NH⁺₄的去除率分别从冻融前的68.6%、31.6％和70.5％变为86.2%、18.2％和23.0％。