绳索取心钻杆丝扣结构力学仿真分析

以饱89 mm绳索取心钻杆为分析研究对象,对其连接丝扣部分建立准三维模型,运用CAE有限元软件AN-SYS对其进行接触非线性力学分析,得出钻杆连接丝扣处等效应力及变形云图,结果显示最大等效应力出现的位置及变形状态与钻探现场钻杆常见断裂位置及形态完全一致,表明所采用的研究手段和方法切实可行。     

Deformation at Stromboli volcano (Italy) revealed by rock mechanics and structural geology

We approach the reconstruction of the recent structural evolution of Stromboli volcano (Italy) and the analysis of the interplay between tectonics, gravity and volcanic deformation. By tying together structural, lithostratigraphic and rock mechanics data, we establish that since 100 ka BP, the edifice has faulted and jointed mainly along NE-striking planes. Faults mostly dip to the NW with normal displacement. Taking also into account the presence of a NW-trending regional least principal stress and of tectonic earthquake hypocenters inside the cone, we suggest that this fracturing can be related to the transmission of tectonic forces from the basement to the cone. Dyking concentrated along a main NE-trending weakness zone (NEZ) across the volcano summit, resembling a volcanic rift, whose geometry is governed by the tectonic field. In the past 13 ka, Stromboli experienced a reorganisation of the strain field, which was linked with the development of four sector collapses affecting the NW flank, alternating with growth phases. The tectonic strain field interplayed with dyking and fracturing related to unbuttressing along the collapse shoulders. We propose that tectonics control the geometry of dykes inside the cone and that these, in turn, contribute to destabilise the cone flanks.     

岩石变形破坏过程中渗透率演化规律的试验研究

利用伺服试验机对灰岩和砂岩进行了应力应变全过程渗透性试验,研究了岩样变形和破坏过程中的轴向应变与渗透率之间的关系,分析了岩样环向应变对渗透率的影响规律,探讨了岩样变形破坏前后渗透压差随时间的变化关系。结果表明,岩样渗透率与应力状态密切相关,渗透率的峰值滞后或超前于应力应变峰值,这与岩石介质本身的特性有关;渗透率-环向应变曲线与渗透率-轴向应变曲线有相同的变化趋势,但岩石环向变形比轴向变形更能灵敏地反映渗透率的演化规律;岩样变形破坏峰值前后的渗透压差与时间均遵循负指数关系。最后对岩石变形破坏过程中的渗透机理作了讨论。     

高速摄影对散体振动的研究

以现代高速摄影技术和图像分析以及数据处理方法，针对高效振动磨机中弹性散体工质（如钢棒、球体等）的振动力学进行了深入的探讨和分析，为研究散体动力学和振动超细粉碎过程中的能量分布和传递规律以及能量与物质的相互转换机理奠定了基础，也为相关学科的发展提供了一种可以借鉴的方法。     

利用ABAQUS模拟NATM隧道施工过程

在分析了NATM(新奥法)施工理念的基础上,详细地说明了隧道施工中的2个关键问题：隧道开挖后洞周应力的计算和隧道的开挖施工过程。然后在此基础上,利用大型非线性有限元软件ABAQUS对隧道的施工过程进行显示模拟,从计算得到的结果可以看出,利用有限元方法可以非常清晰直观地模拟隧道的施工过程,并能计算得到相应的应力、位移等计算结果,为设计隧道和施工提供了比较合理的理论支持。     

The Hill stability of a binary or planetary system during encounters with a third inclined body

The dynamical interaction of a binary or planetary system and a third body moving on a parabolic orbit inclined to the system is discussed in terms of Hill stability for the full three-body problem. The situation arises in binary star disruption and exchange, in extrasolar planetary system disruption, exchange and capture. It is found that increasing the inclination of the third body decreases the Hill regions of stability. This makes exchange or disruption of the component masses more likely as does increasing the eccentricity of the binary.
The stability criteria are applied to determine possible disruption and capture distances for currently known extrasolar planetary systems.     

岩石内变量蠕变模型研究

通过一系列砂岩、页岩和辉绿岩室内蠕变试验,获得了不同应力和初始应变状态下岩石蠕变特性。通过误差分析讨论了计算蠕变速率时如何选择时间增量。讨论了复杂加、卸载条件下时间相关蠕变模型的局限性,提出采用不可恢复应变作为内变量来描述复杂条件下岩石蠕变性质,并据此提出了岩石的内变量蠕变模型。试验数据与模型拟合结果对比表明,内变量蠕变模型较好地反映了3种岩石的蠕变行为。此外,还初步讨论了模型在岩石率相关性质研究中的适用性,并利用相关试验数据进行了验证。     

锦屏大理岩蠕变损伤演化细观力学特征的数值模拟研究

岩石的蠕变损伤和断裂是岩石流变效应的重要表现形式,但其损伤演化过程往往难以直观观测,为此,采用二维颗粒流数值模拟方法(PFC2D)对岩石的蠕变损伤和断裂的细观力学机制进行了分析。在锦屏大理岩室内试验基础上,利用颗粒流应力腐蚀模型(PSC),建立了能反映其短期和长期强度特征的柱状岩样数值模型,并开展了大量数值试验。结果表明,蠕变损伤的演化过程与暂态的损伤演化过程具有明显的差异。在岩样蠕变损伤过程中,其内部微裂纹多沿加载方向开裂且分布均匀,先快速增加再稳定扩展,最后则发生快速断裂。当荷载较小时,岩样宏观上呈现劈裂破坏特征,当荷载较大时,岩样呈现剪切破坏特征。在岩样蠕变损伤初始和稳定演化阶段的前期,荷载大小对岩样的损伤演化过程影响不大;在稳定演化阶段的后期至断裂过程中,低荷载下岩样的损伤增速比高荷载下快。     

钙质石灰岩中桩基轴向承载特性的有限元分析

为了研究钙质石灰岩中桩基的合理设计理论及开发相关的变形破坏数值分析方法,利用弹塑性有限元方法对以硫球石灰岩作为持力层的桩基现场轴向载荷试验进行了数值分析。有限元分析中钙质石灰岩被假定为理想弹塑性材料。结果表明,如果能在有限元解析中合理地考虑桩侧摩阻力的低减效果,弹塑性有限元计算可以较好地模拟与分析钙质砂土中桩基的轴向承载力特性。最后还对开口钢管桩基的土塞效应的发生机制进行了分析。