小岩体型铜镍硫化物(铂族)矿床成矿地质体研究进展

对中国小岩体型铜镍硫化物(铂族)矿床成矿地质体的岩体规模、岩石组合及岩石地球化学特征进行了综述,并与其他类型铜镍硫化物矿床特征进行了对比,最后总结出了铜镍硫化物矿床成矿地质体的判别标志特征。结果表明:铜镍硫化物(铂族)矿床成矿地质体的出露形态不规则,多以岩脉、岩墙或岩床形式出露,出露面积较小,多小于1km2;岩石组合多以二辉橄榄岩、橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩、辉石岩、苏长岩、辉长岩、闪长岩为主,岩相分带明显,岩体基性程度由内向外、从下向上逐渐降低,形成"外酸内基"、"上酸下基"的特征;岩石主要为铁质拉斑玄武岩系列;配分模式和蛛网图显示,橄榄石中Ni含量较低,大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素富集,高场强元素和重稀土元素亏损,过渡族元素呈现Cr、Ni相对亏损的"W"型模式,铂族元素配分模式呈现Pt、Pd含量较高的左倾,源区为幔源但具有壳源的混染。     

附有病态约束反演问题的岭估计法

提出了处理附有病态约束矩阵的等式约束反演问题的岭估计解法,推导了相应的求解公式及均方误差评定精度的方法,给出了确定附有病态约束矩阵的等式约束反演中岭参数的岭迹法、广义交叉核实法和L曲线法。算例比较了三种确定岭参数的方法在处理附有病态约束矩阵的等式约束反演问题中的优缺点,并与截断SVD法进行了对比分析。     

全站仪在深基坑变形监测中的应用

文章介绍了城市深基坑监测的目的、意义、方法及测量的精度估算等。指出了以前部分监测方法的不足,提出了利用全站仪对基坑进行的3维变形观测的方法,以及对该测量方法的精度论证。得出了该方法不但能提高测量精度、效率,而且节省了资源等结论。     

Geochemical characteristics,forming conditions and resource evaluation of oil-cracking gas as exemplified by the platform area of the Tarim Basin

Based on the geochemical characteristics of oil-cracking gas and kerogen-cracking gas revealed by simu-lation experiments and the chemical composition of natural gases in actual gas reservoirs, two kinds of natural gases with different relationships between C2/C3 and C1/C2, C2/C3 and C1/C3, C2/C3 and 100×C1/(C1-C5) were identified in the Tarim Basin, and proposed further by the authors. The relationship charts of C2/C3 and C1/C2, C2/C3 and C1/C3, C2/C3 and 100×C1/(C1-C5) can be used to effectively distinguish oil-cracking gas from kerogen-cracking gas. Petro-leum geological analysis of the oil-cracking gas reservoirs showed that the distribution of oil-cracking gas is mostly related with deep-seated faults or faults with a large fault throw, and the burial depth of paleo-oil reservoir is rela-tively high; crude oil-cracking gas resources have been evaluated by using both forward and inversion methods. The plots of C2/C3 vs. C1/C2, C2/C3 vs. C1/C3, and C2/C3 vs. 100×C1/(C1-C5) were used to distinguish between oil-crack-ing gas and kerogen-cracking gas, and estimate the mixed ratios of the two kinds of natural gases in the main gas reservoirs of the platform area.     

智利劳斯奎洛斯(Los Quilos)铜矿床地质特征及找矿标志

智利劳斯奎洛斯（Los Quilos）铜矿床赋存于下白垩统Los Chilcas单元钙碱性安山岩及安山质熔结角砾岩中,矿体呈脉状、似脉状、透镜状,形成群脉状分布的多个矿化中心。矿体受走滑剪切的NW向、SN向、NE向断裂控制,断裂及微裂隙的高渗透系统成为热液流体的流动通道和成矿空间。矿物组成主要为斑铜矿、辉铜矿,黄铜矿;以矿体为中心,内带为斑铜矿-辉铜矿-赤铁矿,外侧及向深部为黄铜矿及黄铁矿。区域蚀变普遍,有赤铁矿化、青磐岩化、钠化等;与铜矿化有关的蚀变作用为硅化、碳酸盐化或绿泥石化、赤铁矿化,钠化或钾化。找矿标志为中生界火山-沉积岩系、高渗透构造带、孔雀石化蚀变等特征。     

石膏矿床的地质特征及对硫化矿床的指示意义

从研究划分石膏矿化的成因类型入手,进行热液化学成分来源分析和岩石蚀变分带研究,结合典型矿床实例分析,总结出在碳酸盐岩中出现热液交代型石膏矿化体附近,往往伴生有金属硫化矿体或含硫化矿物丰富的岩石,该规律对寻找硫化物型金属自矿体的意义巨大.     

基于Google Earth的虚拟城市构建方法

对以Google Earth为开发平台,利用其影像、地形数据和地标功能等,整合建筑物及相关信息构建虚拟城市的方法进行了研究。运行在Google Earth平台上的虚拟城市,支持影像数据更新和成果网络共享,能够发布各种与城市相关的信息。该方法实现了三维建筑物与地形的无缝融合,具有较高的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。     

湖北省罗田县陈林沟金矿床地质特征及矿床成因

陈林沟金矿床矿体呈脉状赋存于近EW向断裂构造中,矿石类型以石英脉型矿石为主,蚀变岩型矿石为次;矿化从浅部向深部出现由金矿化向金银多金属矿化转变,矿体规模逐渐变大,矿化强度逐渐变强;成矿年龄约为130 Ma±,其形成与燕山期岩浆作用具有时空和成因联系,矿床成因类型为中低温岩浆热液型金矿床。     

Spectral sensitivity of ALOS,ASTER, IKONOS,LANDSAT and SPOT satellite imagery intended for the detection of archaeological crop marks

This study compares the spectral sensitivity of remotely sensed satellite images, used for the detection of archaeological remains. This comparison was based on the relative spectral response (RSR) Filters of each sensor. Spectral signatures profiles were obtained using the GER-1500 field spectroradiometer under clear sky conditions for eight different targets. These field spectral signature curves were simulated to ALOS, ASTER, IKONOS, Landsat 7-ETM+, Landsat 4-TM, Landsat 5-TM and SPOT 5. Red and near infrared (NIR) bandwidth reflectance were re-calculated to each one of these sensors using appropriate RSR Filters. Moreover, the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) and simple ratio (SR) vegetation profiles were analysed in order to evaluate their sensitivity to sensors spectral filters. The results have shown that IKONOS RSR filters can better distinguish buried archaeological remains as a result of difference in healthy and stress vegetation (approximately 1–8% difference in reflectance of the red and NIR band and nearly 0.07 to the NDVI profile). In comparison, all the other sensors showed similar results and sensitivities. This difference of IKONOS sensor might be a result of its spectral characteristics (bandwidths and RSR filters) since they are different from the rest of sensors compared in this study.     

山东牟平邓格庄金矿Ⅱ号脉盲矿体预测地球化学标志

文章总结了邓格庄金矿床Ⅱ号脉元素组合及不同成矿阶段元素含量特征,研究了金矿体的原生晕、石英包裹体气晕-离子晕的轴向分带及其叠加特点,确定了盲矿体预测的原生叠加晕及石英包裹体气晕-离子晕地球化学标志;对深部进行的盲矿体预测取得了较好的效果。