多层抽水试验地下水位动态与同位素浅析——以衡水试验为例

针对不同深度含水层,揭示其富水性,探讨地下水资源可恢复性、可利用性和浅层劣质水改造利用可能性。以国土资源部衡水地下水试验场为依托,在详细调查试验场影响区地下水开发利用状况、监测地下水年动态基础上,开展分层抽水试验和水化学同位素采样。通过对大量抽水水位动态数据过程、局部流场特征和水化学同位素的分析,得出结论:该区农业为影响地下水水位的主控因素;含水层系统承压性、补给强度从下到上分别呈减弱、增强趋势,除浅层外各含水层渗透性较强;各含水层渗流强度及方向不同等。提出实现地下水可持续开发利用建议:对浅层地下咸水适时进行抽咸换淡、混灌轮灌改造利用;170m、300m强含水层作为工农业用水主要开采层,深层地下水主要用于生活用水;按照水量平衡、分质用水原则开发地下水。     

CSAMT视电阻率曲线对水平层状大地的识别与分辨

在三层和五层介质模型上,通过改变各电性层层参数并进行相应的数值计算,比较并分析了可控源音频大地电磁法卡尼亚视电阻率曲线对各层信息的识别与分辨能力。上部覆盖层厚度的增大和电阻率的减小使视电阻率曲线对下部信息的分辨能力下降,而下部地层层参数变化的影响则相对较小;低阻薄夹层对曲线的影响主要由其纵向电导所决定,纵向电导越大异常值越明显;高阻夹层对曲线的影响则取决于其厚度埋深比,比值越大高阻层越易于分辨,而曲线对高阻层电阻率值变化反应不敏感;在10%的分辨标准下,当低阻夹层纵向电导大于覆盖层的0.2倍、高阻夹层电阻率大于围岩5倍以上并且厚度埋深比大于0.2时,各有可分辨异常。相邻高低阻层差异的增大将使曲线的震荡假异常更加明显,导致分辨能力下降。     

辽宁本溪大台沟铁矿地质特征

本溪大台沟铁矿床位于本溪市桥头镇,是近年来发现的最大的鞍山式铁矿床。该矿床为隐伏的超大型铁矿床,埋深1100～1200m,已控制矿体延长2000m,最大延深840m,最宽处1100m。矿体总体为近直立的厚板状体,夹石很少,为单一矿体。矿石类型为磁铁石英岩(磁铁矿石)、赤铁石英岩(赤铁矿石)及其过渡类型的磁铁赤铁石英岩(混合矿石)。矿石品位较均匀,矿床有害杂质含量低。初步估算333+332类资源量约34亿t。     

A study on one‐dimensional consolidation of layered structured soils

The governing equations for one‐dimensional consolidation of layered structured soils under time‐dependent loading are established. Using simplified k‐σ′ and m_v‐σ′ models, n‐layered structured soils are transformed into (n + 1) or (n + 2)‐layered soils in which the thickness of upper and lower layers are gradually changing. The approximate solutions for the governing equations are then obtained under two types of boundary conditions, and the computer program is developed. Based on the solutions and computer program, the consolidation behavior of layered structured soils with soft interlayer is studied. It is shown that the permeability and compressibility of the soft interlayer have the greatest influences on the rate of settlement and rate of the dissipation of excess pore water pressure. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Three‐dimensional steady‐state response of a railway system on layered half‐space soil medium subjected to a moving train

The paper presents a three‐dimensional study on the steady‐state response of a track system and layered half‐space soil medium subjected to the load induced by the passages of a moving train with the substructure method. Practically, due to the ground water table being several meters beneath the ground surface, the soil profile can be divided into two layers: the upper layer modeled by an elastic medium and the lower layer by a fully saturated poroelastic medium governed by Biot's theory. In the meanwhile, the rails are regarded as an infinitely long Euler beam, and the sleepers are represented by a continuous mass. The effect of the ballast is accounted for by introducing the Cosserat model for granular medium, and the train is described by a series of moving axle point loads, depending on the geometry of the train. The influences of the thickness, the mass and the rigidity of the elastic layer and the mass of the ballast on rail's displacement responses are carefully investigated. Numerical results show that the influences of these parameters are significant for high train velocity, while vanishes for low velocity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

成层土中悬臂式地下墙内力计算等等值梁法

建筑基坑范围内的土层以成层土居多，基坑技术规范要求计算成层土的土压力时应分层计算，本文按等值梁法原理，给出了成层土中分层计算土压力，再计算悬臂式地下连续墙支护结构内力（剪力和弯矩）的方法。     

镁铁-超镁铁层状侵入体研究现状

本文主要探讨了镁铁 -超镁铁层状侵入体的一般特征及成因机制 ,并对世界上著名的斯开利戛德、布什维尔德、斯蒂尔沃特层状侵入体和我国攀西层状侵入体的岩石学和地球化学特征进行了总结和对比。     

Geodynamic characteristics of tectonic extension in the northern margin of South China Sea

Based on the geothermal and gravitation methods, this paper investigated the rheological and thermal structure of the lithosphere under the northern margin of South China Sea. The result shows that the temperature of the upper crust is 150–300°C lower than that of the lower crust, and the viscous coefficient of the upper crust is 2–3 orders of magnitude larger than that of the lower crust. It reveals that the upper crust is characterized by brittle deformation while the lower crust by ductile deformation. A channel of lower-viscosity should be formed between the upper and lower crust when the lithosphere is scattered and spreads out toward ocean from northwest to southeast along the northern margin of South China Sea. And, a brittle deformation takes place in the upper part of the lithosphere while a ductile deformation takes place in the lower part of the lithosphere due to different viscous coefficients and temperature. The layered deformation leads the faulted blocks to rotate along the faulting and the marginal grabens to appear in the northern margin of South China Sea in Cenozoic tectonic expansion.     

Dispersion of Rayleigh waves along the Prague-Warsaw profile

Summary Phase velocities of Rayleigh waves propagating along the Prague-Warsaw profile have been determined. A layered model of the Earth's crust and upper mantle, satisfying the observed dispersion of Rayleigh waves, has been derived. In constructing this model, the results of deep seismic soundings along international profile VII were also taken into account.