上新世末～更新世初西太平洋变冷事件及其古气候意义

依据深海沉积中浮游有孔虫化石群落，采用时间面与时间系列分析及目标转换函数方法，再造西太平洋近2.6Ma以来表层水温历史。结果表明，上新世末～更新世初，西太平洋曾经历一大幅度、不可逆性质的温降。变冷事件集中发生于2.4～1.0MaB.P.间，主要体现在亚热带水团，冬、夏降温幅度达7～8℃和2-3℃，热带水团相对稳定。西太平洋温度场巨变表明其在北半球冰川发展过程中的正、负反馈作用，并由此奠定了中、晚更新世冰期旋回的全球气候模式。     

新疆北天山晚古生代洋盆演化与推覆构造

通过实地考察并综合区域及深部物探资料,研究了北天山逆冲推覆系统的构造样式、结构特征和组合方式;认为北天山晚古代洋盆为板内地壳扩张活动形成的裂陷构造产物,存在时限短暂、对生物群迁移基本没有阻隔作用,不应具有分隔岩石圈板块的大地构造意义。     

西藏羌塘西北部干枯沟地区早三叠世晚期碱性岩类的发现

碱性花岗岩分布于西藏羌塘北部的花岗岩带内,岩石K2O Na2O含量达11.27%～12.02%,具高铝、高碱、低铁镁组分的特征,属碱性花岗岩类.地球化学特征表明,该碱性岩形成于后碰撞期.形成该岩体的物质主要来源于加厚陆壳的中下部,反映了研究区古特提斯闭合后经历了陆内造山阶段.霞石正长岩同位素锆石U-Pb年龄为248.7Ma±2.6Ma,相当于早三叠世晚期.碱性花岗岩的出现是西藏西北部古特提斯造山带崩塌开始的岩石学标志.     

河南汝阳地区-巨型蜥脚类恐龙股骨化石的发现及其地层学意义

报道了首次在河南省汝阳县发现的大型蜥脚类恐龙股骨化石。从股骨近端的大小来判断，该股骨的实际长度可能超过2m，应属于巨型蜥脚类恐龙的股骨无疑。虽然化石破碎，种属的归属存在一定的困难，但是它的发现无论从晰脚类恐龙的分布、演化还是从地层学上都具有重要意义。该恐龙股骨化石的发现，将该地区原认为属于古近系蟒川组的时代向前推至早白垩世晚期或晚白垩世早期，同时其下伏地层陈宅沟组也应划归白垩纪时期的沉积。     

甘肃北山小草湖超单元地质特征

小草湖超单元是北山地区最晚一期的花岗侵入岩体，从早到晚依次可划分为花岗闪长岩单元，斑状二长花岗岩单元，黑云母二长花岗岩单元，含白云母二长花岗岩单元共4个单元。侵入于石炭纪扫子山组和华力西中晚期四顶黑山序列及印支早期马鞍山北超单元中，形成时代为晚三叠纪，属印支晚期花岗质侵入岩体。各单元间为脉动型侵入接触关系。岩石化学成分及地球化学特征显示具“S”型花岗岩的特征，形成于板块同碰撞期到碰撞后期的造山环境。     

On the interest and the limits of using combined ESR/U-series model in the case of very late uranium uptake

Before ESR/U-series models were applied to ungulate teeth, it is generally assumed that calculated ages are close to the “real” ages when they range between the values obtained with the EU and LU models. When the samples show signs of uranium-leaching, a realistic mathematical modelling of the age is not possible. On the other hand, some samples have undergone a very late U-uptake “affecting” directly the U-series ages and rendering the calculated ages younger.

We present results obtained on two open-air sites, which show the limits of such combined models in the case of late uranium incorporation. For the Middle Pleistocene site of Isernia la Pineta (Italy), the ESR dates are expected to fall within the limits imposed by the Ar–Ar results. The other site, the Lower Palaeolithic deposits of Ambrona (Spain), yielded two sets of samples: some at the top of the sequence with uranium uptake ranging between EU and LU limits and thus giving a good idea of the “real” age of the site; others at the base displaying a very late U-uptake, which render an age determination difficult.     

U-Pb-Hf isotopic data from detrital zircons in late Carboniferous and Mid-Late Triassic sandstones,and also Carboniferous granites from the Tauride and Anatolide continental units in S Turkey: implications for Tethyan palaeogeography

ABSTRACT

Zircons from Carboniferous sandstones (three samples) and Mid-Late Triassic sandstones (four samples) from the Tauride and Anatolide continental units were analysed for U-Pb-Hf isotopes. For comparison, zircons were also analysed from Carboniferous granites of the Afyon Zone, Anatolides (three samples). A NE African/Arabian source is inferred for both the Carboniferous sandstones of the Taurides (Alada?) and the Anatolides (Konya Complex). In contrast, the Carboniferous Karaburun Melange is characterised by a NW African provenance. A prominent Devonian population occurs in the Carboniferous Karaburun Melange, characterised by mainly positive ε_Hf(t) values that differ significantly from those of the Devonian granites of the Sakarya continental crustal unit (Pontides). Middle-Late Triassic Tauride sandstones include minor Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic zircons. In contrast, Devonian and Carboniferous zircons are relatively abundant in Late Triassic sandstones of the Karaburun Peninsula. The Hf isotopic compositions of 25 Carboniferous-aged zircons from three samples of Mid-Late Triassic sandstone and one of Late Carboniferous age (one sample) overlap with the ε_Hf(t) values of Carboniferous arc-type granites in the Anatolides. Taking account of the available U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic data from comparative crustal units, the Devonian zircon populations from the melanges in the Karaburun Peninsula and the Konya Complex are inferred to have a westerly source (e.g. granitic rocks of Aegean region or central Europe). A tectonic model is proposed in which Palaeozoic Tethys sutured during the late Carboniferous in the west (Aegean region westwards), leaving an eastward-widening oceanic gulf in which sandstone turbidites accumulated, including Devonian zircons.     

闽,浙,赣晚前寒武纪构造格局探讨

华南前寒武纪构造格架在长期中不断取得进展。通过闽、浙、赣地区前寒武纪建造、构造综合分析研究：浙西－赣东北地区中元古代晚期为华夏古陆的活动陆缘;武陵运动是华南是重要的造山运动,华夏古陆与扬子板块在赣东北断裂带一线碰撞,形成了统一的“华南古大陆”;新元古代由于区域地质条件不同,各地块碰撞后的构造演化存有明显的差异;新元古代本区主要由华南新元古代早期大陆碰撞带和闽西南－赣南裂陷槽组成。     

Luminescence chronology of late Holocene extreme hydrological events in the upper Penner River basin,South India

Field stratigraphy, sedimentology and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating have been used to reconstruct the southwest monsoon variability in the semi‐arid region of southern India during the late Holocene. Facies architecture and OSL dating of the water‐lain sediment suggest prevalence of a weak hydrological regime around 3 ka. Following this, a progressive strengthening of monsoon occurred till 2 ka. After 2 ka and until 1 ka fluvial activity was nearly dormant, indicating weakening of the monsoon. Presence of high‐magnitude flood deposits, overbank sedimentation and pedogenesis during 1–0.6 ka indicate intensification of the southwest monsoon in the basin. The onset of aridity was associated with episodic storm surge events that are manifested in the pond sedimentation and localised aeolian accretion. This phase is bracketed between 0.5 ka and 0.2 ka. A renewed phase of monsoonal activity was observed in the form of floodplain aggradation between 180 and 90 years ago. In the past 70 years no significant change in the monsoon performance has been observed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Glacier fluctuations in the southern Peruvian Andes during the late‐glacial period,constrained with cosmogenic 3He

The occurrence of pronounced climate reversals during the last glacial termination has long been recognised in palaeoclimate records from both hemispheres and from high to low latitudes. Accurate constraint of both the timing and magnitude of events, such as the Younger Dryas and Antarctic Cold Reversal, is vital in order to test different hypotheses for the causes and propagation of abrupt climate change. However, in contrast to higher‐latitude regions, well‐dated records from the Tropics are rare and the structure of late‐glacial tropical climate remains uncertain. As a step toward addressing this problem, we present an in situ cosmogenic ³He surface exposure chronology from Nevado Coropuna, southern Peru, documenting a significant fluctuation of the ice margin during the late‐glacial period. Ten tightly clustered ages from a pair of moraines located halfway between the modern glacier and the Last Glacial Maximum terminus range from 11.9 to 13.9 ka and give an arithmetic mean age of 12.8 ± 0.7 ka (1σ). These data constitute direct evidence for a readvance, or prolonged stillstand, of glaciers in the arid Andes of southwestern Peru. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.