越南岸外晚第四纪上升流与东亚夏季风变迁

通过对南海西部越南岸外１７９５４—３柱状样中浮游和底栖有孔虫的定量分析,结合碳酸钙、有机碳和稳定同位素数据,获得南海西部上升流区近２０万年来的古海洋学记录,进而讨论了晚第四纪东亚夏季风的变迁。结果表明,在间冰期,尤其是末次间冰期,越南岸外出现表层海水古温度低、温跃层浅、生产力高,同时底层海水富营养的现象,说明上升流的存在,且该上升流有从氧同位素５期(ＭＩＳ５期)向１期逐渐减弱的趋势。结合南海现代海流及生产力分布的研究,推断该上升流由东亚夏季风驱动,其强弱的变化说明,东亚夏季风在近２０万年来有间冰期增强、冰期减弱,且从ＭＩＳ５期向ＭＩＳ１期递减的特征。     

钱塘江下切河谷SE4孔晚第四纪沉积环境与古气候演化*

综合钱塘江下切河谷SE4孔岩心观察和描述及粒度、孢粉、测年等分析数据,探讨了钱塘江下切河谷晚第四纪沉积环境和古气候演化,揭示了其气候变化机制下沉积响应的具体过程。研究表明SE4孔晚第四纪沉积物自下而上包括河床亚相、河漫滩亚相、古河口湾相、浅海亚相和现代河口湾相5套沉积。研究区晚第四纪以来古植被和古气候演化分为6个阶段:第一阶段植被类型为阔叶树为主的针阔混交林—草原,气候温和偏湿,沉积了河床和河漫滩亚相;第二阶段为落叶栎稍多的针阔混交林,气候温和湿润,沉积了古河口湾相和浅海亚相;第三阶段为针阔混交林,气候温暖湿润,浅海亚相沉积发育;第四至第六阶段植被类型经历了针阔混交林—草原、针阔混交林、针阔混交林—草原的交替,气候经历了温和偏干、温和偏湿、温和偏干的变化,现代河口湾相沉积发育。     

华北地区晚古生代煤的煤质特征与结焦性研究

华北是我国重要炼焦用煤基地之一,开展华北晚古生代煤的结焦性能研究具有重要实际意义。在对 ２６ 个矿点的煤样进行煤岩学与煤化学分析的基础上,采用 １０ ｋｇ 小焦炉试验研究了单种煤的结焦性能,并利用一元非线形回归分析探讨了主要煤质参数与焦炭强度之间的关系,认为煤的镜质组平均反射率、活／惰比、粘结指数以及胶质层最大厚度是影响焦炭强度的主要因素。     

赣南－粤北晚中生代双峰式火山岩地质特征及其意义

本文讨论了赣南—粤北晚中生代双峰式火山岩的地质时代、岩石组合、稀土元素及微量元素的特征,认为双峰式火山岩形成于板内环境,中基性火山岩和中酸性火山岩不是来源于同一个岩浆房,前者是由上地幔部分熔融形成的,后者是在前者诱发下地壳部分熔融而形成的。     

Mineral magnetic and geochemical records of late Glacial climatic change from two northwest European carbonate lakes

We present the results of mineral magnetic measurements and geochemical analyses of late Glacial sediments from two marl-precipitating lakes in the Northwest of England. Mineral magnetic assemblages dominated by detrital and/or authigenic ferrimagnetic minerals, and enhanced delivery of metal elements, characterise a lower (Oldest Dryas) and an upper (Younger Dryas) phase of catchment instability, with detrital clay and silt sedimentation. Magnetic mineral assemblages with lower concentrations of finer ferrimagnetic grains characterise the authigenic carbonate sediments (marls). The marls indicate both enhanced lake productivity and catchment stability in response to prevailing warm conditions during the Bølling - Allerød Interstadial. The Bølling - Allerød marl phase contains two short-term, low amplitude shifts characterised by changes in the concentration and the size of ferrimagnetic grains. These shifts may represent the Older Dryas and the Amphi-Atlantic Oscillation, short-lived Northern hemisphere climatic deteriorations. Overall, the results suggest that marl lakes are sensitive indicators of Lateglacial climatic change, and that these changes are readily identifiable through the use of mineral magnetic measurements.     

深圳湾北岸新民孔的Q_3~3-Q_4~1气候记录

对深圳湾北岸新民钻孔岩心沉积物中铁、钒元素、矿物鉴定的伊利石以及生物指标贝类介壳揭示的环境特征资料进行了分析,研究初步表明,该钻孔岩心沉积物理深12．12～10．91m层段的杂色花斑粘土中存有晚更新世晚期至早全新世气候波动的记录。钒元素和伊利石分析也得到了相应的证实。所记录的短期降温和升温事件可能表明,在第四纪末次冰期-冰消期中,气候曾强烈波动,并逐渐由晚冰期向冰后期过渡。这对研究晚武木冰期最低海面时期以来,海面回升及晚更新世晚期／早全新世的古环境方气候影响提供有价值的资料。     

晚第三纪以来黄土高原风积序列的压实校正及其古气候意义

晚第三纪以来黄土高原完整连续、高分辨率的风尘堆积序列为研究以冬、夏季风组合为特征的东亚季风环流长期演化提供了很好的气候信息载体。利用高压固结试验结果,基于高分辨申的磁化率和容重测量及相关性分析,初步探讨了黄土、古土壤及红粘土不同地层单元的压缩特性,校正了压实作用对容重的影响,获得了更真实的东亚季风气候演化信息。有助于深入探讨晚第三纪以未东亚李凤阶段性演化特征及其与太阳辐射、全球冰量变化、青藏高原阶段性隆升等气候控制因子之间的密切关系。     

河北丰宁中生代晚期昆虫群落与生态地层的初步研究

在对河北丰宁森吉图地区一条中生代晚期地质剖面进行生态地层研究的基础上,建立了６个昆虫化石群落,恢复了它们所代表的环境,并对相应的生态地层剖描述,作出了生态地层柱状图、该生态地层剖面由２个昆虫群落带、２个间隔带和１个昆虫化石组合层构成。生态地层划分的结果显示了中生代晚期在冀北许多地区具有代表性的盆地学演变的一般模式,古地理分析表明森吉图地区在古生代晚期温暖的气候条件下共经历了４个演化阶段。     

Glacial to Holocene terrigenous organic matter input to sediments from Orca Basin, Gulf of Mexico — A combined optical and biomarker approach

In this study we assessed changes in the contribution of terrigenous organic matter (OM) to the Gulf of Mexico over the course of the last deglaciation (the last 25 kyr). To this end, we combined optical kerogen analyses with bulk sedimentary, biomarker, and compound-specific carbon isotope analyses. Samples were obtained from core MD02-2550 from Orca Basin (2249 m water depth at 26°56.77N, 91°20.74W) with temporal resolution ranging from multi-decadal to millennial-scale, depending on the proxy. All proxies confirmed larger terrigenous input during glacial times compared to the Holocene. In addition, the kerogen analyses suggest that much of the glacial OM is reworked (at least 50% of spores and pollen grains and 40% of dinoflagellate cysts). The Holocene sediments, in contrast, contain mainly marine OM, which is exceptionally well preserved. During the deglaciation, terrigenous input was generally high due to large meltwater fluxes, whereby discrepancies between different proxies call for additional influences, such as the change in distance to the river mouth, local productivity changes, and hydrodynamic particle sorting. It is possible that kerogen particles and the terrigenous biomarkers studied here represent distinct pools of land-derived OM with inputs varying independently.     

内蒙古平庄地区孙家湾组岩性及孢粉组合特征

平庄地区孙家湾组为砾岩和砂岩互层产出的一套陆缘碎屑岩组合.根据岩性组合特征将孙家湾组划分为两个岩性段：二段为凝灰质粉砂岩、砂岩、砾岩和含砾粗砂岩组合,一段为复成分砾岩局部夹有紫红色杂砂岩.孙家湾组含有较丰富的孢粉化石,由蕨类植物孢子和裸子植物花粉组成,未见被子植物花粉,孢粉组合的时代为早白垩世阿普第期-阿尔必期（Aptian-Albian）.据此推断平庄地区孙家湾组时代为早白垩世晚期.