内蒙古磨石山沉积变质型锐钛矿矿床：一个大型新类型钛矿床的发现、勘查和研究

前人把内蒙古正蓝旗磨石山南部的羊蹄子山矿床确定为铁矿床,通过我们近几年的研究和勘查,发现了北部的磨石山新钛矿带,认为这不是一个铁矿,而是一个以锐钛矿为主的大型沉积变质型钛矿床,是钛矿床的一个新类型。矿体产于中元古代(1751Ma)片岩、变质石英(粉)砂岩和斜长角闪岩中,呈似层状、透镜状产出。富矿石具有细纹状构造,表现为以石英和锐钛矿为主的条纹互层。矿石矿物主要为锐钛矿,次有金红石和钛铁矿(赤铁矿),脉石矿物以石英为主,含一定量直闪石和黑云母(石榴子石)。锐钛矿、金红石和钛铁矿的粒度很细,为0.01～0.1mm。富矿含TiO23.14%～15.46%,平均6.91%,而贫矿的TiO2含量为1.2%～2.97%,平均1.76%。矿石含较高的Fe和V。锐钛矿和金红石的微量元素Nb和Cr的含量很低,说明矿物的源区来自变质基性岩。围岩斜长角闪岩恢复其原岩,大致相当于玄武岩、苦杆玄武岩等。岩石化学揭示其生成构造条件,为岛弧或岛弧和洋脊的过渡带。硅同位素组成研究结果,不同锐钛矿矿石、石英岩和片岩等的δ30Si值为0.1‰～-0.9‰,与海底热液喷气沉积矿床的数据相似。所有上述矿床的地质和地球化学特征表明,锐钛矿矿石和斜长角闪岩都是海底基性火山活动的产物,矿石具有化学沉积特征,后来遭到中(偏低)级区域变质作用,金红石主要形成于区域变质作用。矿床在燕山晚期(118Ma),由于花岗岩的侵位,又局部受到热液改造。     

上海规范重力式围护墙稳定性若干问题探讨

重力式围护墙是软土地区常用的基坑支护形式,目前关于重力式围护墙的可靠度分析还不够完善,各因素对稳定性的影响机制等也存在一些疑问。以收集到的上海地区重力式围护墙实际工程为例进行可靠度分析,对水泥土重力式围护墙稳定性分析中的相关问题进行了探讨。分析结果表明,上海地区实际工程的设计安全水准通常高于规范规定值,其中水平滑动多为重力式围护工程稳定性验算的控制失效模式;通过提高插入比和墙体宽度可改善水泥土重力式围护基坑的抗倾覆、抗水平滑动稳定性的安全状态;对于整体稳定性,提高插入比较有效,墙体宽度的变化对其影响不敏感。     

核安全相关边坡与一般边坡挡土墙抗震稳定性验算对比分析

在挡土墙稳定性计算基本原理基础上, 引入《核电厂抗震设计规范》(GB 50267-97) 关于地震系数的规定, 重新建立了安全相关边坡挡土墙土压力和地震角计算公式, 并应用到实际工程中。对比分析显示, 挡土墙按核安全边坡和一般边坡进行抗震验算时, 地震系数、地震角的取值相差较大; 由于按核安全边坡计算时地震力远大于一般边坡, 因此稳定系数远小于一般边坡。     

Upstairs-downstairs: supercontinents and large igneous provinces,are they related?

There is a correlation of global large igneous province (LIP) events with zircon age peaks at 2700, 2500, 2100, 1900, 1750, 1100, and 600 and also probably at 3450, 3000, 2000, and 300 Ma. Power spectral analyses of LIP event distributions suggest important periodicities at 250, 150, 100, 50, and 25 million years with weaker periodicities at 70–80, 45, and 18–20 Ma. The 25 million year periodicity is important only in the last 300 million years. Some LIP events are associated with granite-forming (zircon-producing) events and others are not, and LIP events at 1900 and 600 Ma correlate with peaks in craton collision frequency. LIP age peaks are associated with supercontinent rifting or breakup, but not dispersal, at 2450–2400, 2200, 1380, 1280, 800–750, and ≤200 Ma, and with supercontinent assembly at 1750 and 600 Ma. LIP peaks at 2700 and 2500 Ma and the valley between these peaks span the time of Neoarchaean supercraton assemblies. These observations are consistent with plume generation in the deep mantle operating independently of the supercontinent cycle and being controlled by lower-mantle and core-mantle boundary thermochemical dynamics. Two processes whereby plumes can impact continental assembly and breakup are (1) plumes may rise beneath supercontinents and initiate supercontinent breakup, and (2) plume ascent may increase the frequency of craton collisions and the rate of crustal growth by accelerating subduction.     

AQK嵌岩扩底钻头的结构特点

论述了AQK大直径嵌岩扩底钻头的结构设计特点,阐述了新型扩底钻头的适应性和可靠性,对扩底钻头制造及钻扩施工过程中的关键问题提出了几点要求。     

上海地区饱和粉土层中土钉墙支护的工程实践

通过虹祺花苑复合式土钉墙工程实例,阐述饱和粉土层中的土钉墙支护计算原理及现场施工要点,并总结了技术要点及注意事项以资推广。     

Simulation of geomembrane response to settlement in landfills by using the material point method

Because of the multiple layers of dissimilar materials and large deformations involved in the subsidence of a landfill system, large-scale computer simulation of the geomechanical response to subsidence with the use of conventional numerical methods are problematic. The Material Point (MPM), which was recently developed for dynamic problems such as penetration and perforation, is a newly emerging numerical method. The MPM is modified in this paper to simulate the geomechanical response of a landfill cover system that includes a geomembrane under quasi-static loading conditions. Sample problems, for which an analytical solution is available with certain assumptions, are considered to demonstrate the proposed solution procedure. Future work is discussed based on current research results. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

任意位移模式刚性挡土墙土压力研究

改进了水平层分析法,用于计算任意位移模式的土压力分布。对不同位移模式下水平微分单元进行受力分析,认为位移模式只影响了层间等效内摩擦角。根据前人提出的内摩擦角逐渐发挥的概念,将层间等效内摩擦角与挡土墙位移模式联系起来,并应用到水平层分析法中,实现了能够定量反映位移模式的土压力计算方法。分析表明：随位移模式变化,土压力合力大小始终保持不变且与库仑理论计算结果相一致,土压力分布和合力作用点则变化显著。试验数据验证了方法的合理性和可靠性。研究成果可供刚性挡土墙土压力计算参考     

组合式面板双绞合六边形钢丝网加筋土挡墙现场试验研究

为研究双绞合六边形钢丝网加筋土挡墙的受力、变形特性,对潭衡（湘潭－衡阳）西线高速公路K124+340断面组合式面板双绞合六边形钢丝网加筋土挡墙进行了现场试验,测试了竖向土压力、水平土压力、筋材拉应变分布规律和格宾箱变形规律。结果表明：在筋材长度方向上,竖向土压力在挡墙下部呈双峰型分布,而在上部呈单峰形分布;墙背水平土压力沿墙高呈非线性分布,最大值发生在墙高约1.5 m处,实测水平土压力小于主动压力;筋材应变在筋长方向上呈非线性分布,各层筋材的应变分布模式不相同;筋材的变形主要发生在施工期,格宾箱的变形呈鼓胀式     

边坡大变形弹塑性有限元分析[Ⅱ]

本文应用Ｕｐｄａｔｅｄ Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｉａｎ有限元分析理论,分析了石龙庙滑坡的稳定性,其中包括滑坡的大变形,初始应力和超孔隙水压力。根据土的工程地质性质,滑坡体分为四层,土层被视为是弹塑性的,土的塑性屈服采用Ｄｒｕｃｋｅｒ－Ｐｒａｇｅｒ理想塑性屈服准则,挡土墙建成前后的滑坡应力和变形被分别分析和讨论,最后根据这些分析结果,提出了滑坡的整治方案。