Physical properties of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks from the Sulu terrain, eastern central China: implications for the seismic structure at the Donghai (CCSD) drilling site

About 30 samples representing major lithologies of Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks were collected from surface exposures and exploration wells, and compressional (Vp) and shear wave (Vs) velocities and their directional dependence (anisotropy) were determined over a range of constant confining pressures up to 600 MPa and temperatures ranging from 20 to 600 °C. Samples range in composition from acidic to ultramafic. P- and S-wave velocities measured at 600 MPa vary from 5.08 to 8.64 km/s and 2.34 to 4.93 km/s, respectively. Densities are in the range from 2.60 to 3.68 g/cm³. To make a direct tie between seismic measurements (refraction and reflection) and subsurface lithologies, the experimental velocity data (corresponding to shallow depths) were used to calculate velocity profiles for the different lithologies and profiles of reflection coefficients at possible lithologic interfaces across the projected 5000-m Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CCSD) crustal segment. Comparison of calculated in situ velocities with respective intrinsic velocities suggests that the in situ velocities at shallow depths are lowered by an increased abundance of open microcracks. The strongly reflective zone beneath the Donghai drill site can be explained by the impedance contrasts between the different lithologies. Contacts between eclogite/peridotite and felsic rocks (gt-gneiss, granitic gneiss), in particular, may give rise to strong seismic reflections. In addition, shear-induced (lattice preferred orientation (LPO)-related) seismic anisotropy can increase reflectivity. For the explanation of the high velocity bodies (>6.4 km/s) around 1000 m and below 3200-m depth, large proportions of eclogite/peridotite (about 40 and 30 vol.%, respectively) are needed.     

交流变频调速CD-2B型岩心钻机的研制

介绍了交流变频调速CD－2B型岩心钻机研制情况，技术参数，主要特点及型式检验，生产试验等情况。     

深井水氡主要干扰因素及映震效能分析

对甘肃省玉门青6井和平凉泾川泾3井两口深水井的水氡及辅助项目观测资料采用多元逐步回归、相关距平、一阶差分等方法进行处理，分析并排除了主要干扰因素，显示出两井在肃南5.4级、托莱6.0级和礼县5.1级地震前有明显异常，对两井的映震效能和地震预报前景进行了评价。     

标定大陆科学钻探孔区地震反射体

在中国大陆科学钻探孔区 (江苏省东海县南部 )进行了系统的地球物理调查 ,包括二维地震测网和专门的地震剖面 ,大地电磁法和位场方法等 .地震调查表明 ,在超高压变质岩出露区上地壳充满了反射体 ,包括倾斜反射体与上拱的反射弧 .本文介绍大陆科学钻探先行研究中地震调查的成果 .根据大陆科学钻探预先导孔的岩芯和测井资料、井旁VSP和数值模拟结果证实 ,高波速的榴辉岩体、破碎断裂带和大型韧性剪切带都可引起倾斜的地震反射 ,而上拱的弧形反射体则是由近似直立的榴辉岩体和其中的破碎带的综合反映 .由于地壳深部广泛分布着经受变质的岩石 ,上述研究结果对标定地壳中的反射地震信号具有一定意义     

流动成像测井研究进展

流动成像测井属于对非均匀介质动态的非线性测量，通过对油气井内多相流体信息的投影扫描和反演处理，实时成像显示流体分布及流动状况，国外研制的电导法，电容法仪器采用电导探针或电容元件构成阵列测量探头，分别利用油气与水的导电特性和介电特性差异辨识井内流体，对流动截面的测量局限于个别点上，已在水平井中见到应用效果，但对物场信息投影测量的数据量和分辨率未能满足成像要求。我国提出的电磁法采用环状阵列电极构成测量探头，综合利用油气与水的导电和介电特性差异辨识井内流体，可以测量获得多相流体流动截面的清晰图像，为研究开发全新的流动成像测井系统奠定了良好基础。     

A discussion on the records of water level ‘precursors’ in Well Shuozhou, Shanxi Province

A lot of slow fluctuations of water level have been observed in the original recording maps of subsurface fluid in Well Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. Some typical recording maps of the “precursors” are introduced in the paper and the features of the “precursors” recorded by the well are analyzed. The results show that 38% strong earthquakes possess this kind of record, which has a fluctuation period arranging from several to tens of minutes and appear mostly two days before the earthquakes. Moreover, the mechanism, transmission and responding conditions of well water level are discussed, as well as the scientific meaning and practical value of the “precursor” of the well water level in earthquake predictions. Foundation item: State Natural Science Foundation of China (19973011).     

大姚地热动态特征分析

通过大姚高精度水温观测井水地质、井孔条件的分析，震例观测资料、实验观测数据的处理，以及井水水质分析结果，表明大姚水温周期性变化的突出位置是井深75m左右，根本原因是该地层石膏脉稳定释热，含水层热水与井内冷水混合过程中，在通道内形成钙盐类沉淀物（如CaSO4CaCO3），堵塞对流通道，含水层内外压差突破被阻塞通道，热水反复侵入井内，便形成水温周期性变化。地震的孕育、发生和调整过程，由于应力场作用，产生附加地热场，水温基值发生变化，周期畸变或消失，这种附加地热动态是可以恢复的。所以认为大姚地热动态是井区特殊地层地热信息的反映。     

大功率激电在双阳煤田找矿应用

大功率激电法在双阳煤田找煤的应用中,证实了山河推覆构造的存在;在充分研究工作区的地质、地球物理特征前提下,恰当地选用了方法技术,并正确理解异常的地质、地球物理意义,取得了较好的找煤效果,在Ⅰ号剖面的激电异常上经钻探和坑探证实磨盘山组灰岩下存在质量较好的可采煤层。     

大港油田板深22井油气地球化学异常特征

根据板深22井中不同地球化学指标的背景含量和异常特征，重点探索和总结了不同油气层的化探指纹指标，并根据地表指纹指标的异常组合、配套关系及异常特征，对油气层的埋深进行了初步预测，为今后该地区地表开展预测油气藏埋深的工作提供了一定的地球化学依据。     

罕见矿物--六方球方解石的发现及特征

大庆油田部分三元复合驱抽油井结垢现象比较严重。井中结垢损害抽油设备，增加了生产成本。通过运用XRD，IR，SEM和化学分析手段对抽油井垢的研究发现，垢的主要化学成分为CaO和SiO2，其含量分别为67％和28％，油井垢中的主要矿物成分是罕见矿物——六方球方解石。六方球方解石呈微晶状(1—10μm)，并常常以微晶聚集的球粒状出现，同时伴生有无定形SiO2。呈游离态的SiO2和有机质对于六方球方解石的形成起到了重要作用。