Petrochemistry of Granitoids Along the Loei Fold Belt,Northeastern Thailand

Petrochemical characteristics of Permo‐Triassic granitoids from five regions (i) Mung Loei, (ii) Phu Thap Fah – Phu Thep, (iii) Phetchabun, (iv) Nakon Sawan – Lobburi, and (v) Rayong – Chantaburi along the Loei Fold Belt (LFB), northeastern Thailand were studied. The LFB is a north–south trending 800 km fold belt that hosts several gold and base‐metal deposits. The granitoids consist of monzogranite, granodiorite, monzodiorite, tonalite, quartz‐syenite, and quartz‐rich granitoids. These are composed of quartz, plagioclase, and K‐feldspar with mafic minerals such as hornblende and biotite. Accessory minerals, such as titanite, zircon, magnetite, ilmenite, apatite, garnet, rutile, and allanite are also present. Magnetic susceptibilities in the SI unit of granitoids vary from 6.5 × 10⁻³ to 15.2 × 10⁻³ in Muang Loei, from 0.1 × 10⁻³ to 29.4 × 10⁻³ in Phu Thap Fah – Phu Thep, from 2.7 × 10⁻³ to 34.6 × 10⁻³ in Petchabun, from 2.4 × 10⁻³ to 14.1 × 10⁻³ in Nakon Sawan – Lobburi, and from 0.03 × 10⁻³ to 2.8 × 10⁻³ in Rayong – Chantaburi. Concentration of major elements suggests that these intermediate to felsic plutonic rocks have calc‐alkaline affinities. Concentration of REE of the granitoids normalized to chondrite displays moderately elevated light REE (LREE) and relatively flat heavy (HREE) patterns, with distinct depletion of Eu. Rb versus Y/Nb and Nb/Y tectonic discrimination diagrams illustrate that the granitoids from Muang Loei, Phu Thap Fah – Phu Thep, Phetchabun, Nakon Sawan – Lobburi, and Rayong – Chantaburi formed in continental volcanic‐arc setting. New age data from radiometric K‐Ar dating on K‐feldspar from granodiorite in Loei and Nakhon Sawan areas yielded 171 ± 3 and 221 ± 5 Ma, respectively. K‐Ar dating on hornblende separated from diorite in Lobburi yielded 219 ± 8 Ma. These ages suggest that magmatism of Muang Loei occurred in the Middle Jurassic, and Nakon Sawan – Lobburi occurred in Late Triassic. Both Nb versus Y and Rb versus (Y + Nb) diagrams and age data indicate that Nakon Sawan – Lobburi granitoids intruded in Late Triassic at Nong Bua, Nakon Sawan province and Khao Wong Phra Jun, Lobburi province in volcanic arc setting. Muang Loei granitoids at the Loei province formed later in Middle Jurassic also in volcanic arc setting. The negative δ³⁴S_CDT values of ore minerals from the skarn deposit suggest that the I‐type magma has been influenced by light biogenic sulfur from local country rocks. The Au‐Cu‐Fe‐Sb deposits correlate with the magnetite‐series granitoids in Phetchabun, Nakon Sawan – Lobburi and Rayong – Chantaburi areas. Metallogeny of the Au and Cu‐Au skarn deposits and the epithermal Au deposit is related to adakitic rocks of magnetite‐series granitoids from Phetchabun and Nakon Sawan areas. All mineralizations along the LFB are generated in the volcanic arc related to the subduction of Paleo‐Tethys. The total Al (^TAl) content of biotite of granitoids increases in the following order: granitoids associated with Fe and Au deposit < with Cu deposit < barren granitoids. X_Mg of biotite in granitoids in Muang Loei indicates the crystallization of biotite in magnetite‐series granitoids under high oxygen fugacity conditions. On the other hand, low X_Mg (<0.4) of biotite in magnetite‐series granitoids in Phu Thap Fah – Phu Thep and Rayong – Chantaburi indicates a reduced environment and low oxygen fugacity, associated with Au skarn deposit (Phu Thap Fah) and Sb‐Au deposit (Bo Thong), respectively. The magnetite‐series granitoids at Phu Thap Fah having low magnetic susceptibilities and low X_Mg of biotite were formed by reduction of initially oxidizing magnetite‐series granitic magma by interaction with reducing sedimentary country rocks as suggested by negative δ³⁴S_CDT values.     

南阿尔金地区早古生代中酸性侵入岩的岩石成因及其对构造演化的指示意义

南阿尔金造山带位于塔里木盆地和柴达木盆地之间,是中国西北地区重要的俯冲-碰撞杂岩带,其早古生代构造演化过程是近年来的研究热点之一,然而,洋壳俯冲的时限一直存在争议。本文对茫崖石英二长岩开展岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素地球化学研究,探讨其岩石成因及成岩时的构造环境。样品显示高碱、富钾、低钛、贫铁及Nd-Ta-Ti异常等与钾玄岩相似的地球化学特征,成岩年龄为511～495 Ma, ε_Hf(t)主要为-3.51～-0.08,少量介于0.04～1.69之间。我们认为俯冲洋壳到达角闪岩相边界时释放大量水并上升进入地幔楔,导致地幔楔橄榄岩发生角闪石化交代作用,由于地幔楔沿俯冲带向下拖曳而温度升高,角闪石化橄榄岩熔融形成的熔体在上升过程诱发上地壳物质部分熔融,壳源岩浆混合少量幔源岩浆形成了石英二长岩,该期花岗岩是对造山带从大洋岛弧环境向活动大陆边缘过渡的岩石学响应。因此,南阿尔金洋壳可能在约517 Ma前已经开始俯冲。     

陕西省闹阳坪萤石矿床地质特征

陕西省闹阳坪萤石矿床位于陕南泗王庙-平利成矿带东端,产于志留系竹溪群浅变质碎屑岩与加里东期碱性粗面岩接触带的顺层破碎带中。矿体规模厚大。在分析矿床地质背景、构造特征、矿石矿物特征及围岩蚀变特征的基础上,指出该矿属交代（充填）型萤石矿床,找矿标志主要是接触带、断裂构造、围岩蚀变等。     

新疆白干湖钨锡矿田东北部花岗岩锆石SIMS U-Pb 年龄、地球化学特征及构造意义

白干湖矿田东北部出露钾长花岗岩和二长花岗岩,具有相近的成岩年龄和相似的地球化学特征,表明为同源演化的复式岩体。利用SIMS方法获得二者锆石U-Pb谐和年龄是422±3Ma和421±3.7Ma,为晚志留世。岩石主量元素地球化学特征二者表现为弱过铝质(A/CNK为0.99～1.02)或准铝质(A/CNK为0.92～0.94)、高钾(K2O/Na2O分别为1.08～1.31和1.03～1.22)、高碱((Na2O+K2O)分别为8.59%～9.38%和9.54%～9.69%)、钙碱性或弱碱性(δ分别为2.39～3.17和4.02～4.22)、Fe#(TFeO/MgO分别为9.58～12.26和8.94～9.96)高。稀土元素总体含量(分别为228×10-6～448×10-6和271×10-6～392×10-6)较高,微量元素亏损Ba、Nb、Sr、Ti、P和富集La、Ce、Zr、Sm,总体显示A型花岗岩的特征。R1-R2图解显示岩体构造背景落入晚造山区域。Sr-Yb图解显示岩体落入低Sr高Yb的区域,暗示拉伸的地壳减薄的环境。Pearce图解显示构造环境为板内为主。综合区域背景资料,认为该岩体形成于加里东造山旋回的后碰撞阶段。     

青海省北部重点成矿带与矿集区矿山地质环境遥感监测研究

为了查明青海省重点成矿带与矿集区矿山地质环境的现状及变化趋势,利用DEM和IKO-NOS、QUICKBIRD、WORLDVIEW-2、SPOT-5等卫星遥感解译资料对该地区的矿山地质环境进行了研究。结果表明,盐湖矿产开发占地面积最大,其次为煤矿,且煤矿区和盐湖矿区占地面积扩展迅速。矿山开发所引发的地质灾害(隐患)集中分布于煤矿开采区,主要表现为塌陷坑、地裂缝、崩塌(隐患)、泥石流(隐患)和地面塌陷区(隐患)等。环境污染主要表现为水体污染、粉尘污染和尾矿污染,而尾矿污染较为突出。     

东秦岭—大别造山带南、北缘晚白垩世以来构造演化的石英ESR年代学研究

运用α石英热活化ESR定年法对东秦岭—大别造山带南、北缘58件样品进行了研究。结果显示,东秦岭—大别造山带南、北缘ESR年龄范围主要集中在晚白垩世以来(99.2～3.4 Ma)。结合区域地质事实分析,晚白垩世以来,东秦岭—大别造山带南缘的构造演化可划分为73.1～52.3 Ma伸展断陷期、39.1～27.2 Ma伸展-挤压的转换期和22.8～3.4 Ma挤压期;东秦岭—大别造山带北缘的构造演化可划分为89～70.1 Ma挤压隆升期、61.6～43.2 Ma伸展断陷期、37.2～22.6 Ma伸展-挤压的转换期和15.6～3.9 Ma挤压期。东秦岭—大别造山带南缘和北缘新生代构造演化特征基本相同,但是受多种因素控制,东秦岭—大别造山带南、北缘晚白垩世的构造演化存在较大差异。ESR测年结果与东秦岭—大别造山带南、北缘已有的地质事实相吻合,验证了ESR测年的可靠性。     

六盘山弧形构造带铜多金属矿床的成矿环境

六盘山弧形构造带位于青藏高原东北缘,自震旦-寒武纪以来,经历了"威尔逊旋回"构造演化.在陆内裂谷和板块俯冲阶段,成矿类型主要为海底火山块状硫化物型和与韧性剪切作用有关的构造蚀变岩型,而在碰撞造山和陆内造山阶段,成矿类型演变为与大型推覆体构造有关的似层状热液型,显示出不同构造演化阶段所反映的成矿环境不同.     

中国东部苏鲁榴辉岩超基性岩褶皱带的演化及其与大别(中国)和柯切塔夫(哈萨克斯坦)杂岩的对比(英文)

苏鲁褶皱带形成于元古宙 (2 2 33～ 185 5Ma)典型优地槽构造环境 ,主要由石榴橄榄岩、石榴辉石岩、榴辉岩等侵入岩 (柯石英深度相地幔岩浆房中形成 )和它们的火山沉积建造围岩一起经褶皱、变质而形成。变质作用经历了先蓝片岩相 (前花岗岩 )后片麻岩混合岩相过程。由于变质作用的不规律性 ,苏鲁褶皱带可分为 2个构造带 :(1)东部构造带 (蓝片岩 )和 (2 )西部构造带 (片麻岩混合岩 )。根据A·都城秋穗所识别的变质带系统 ,可将其作为一个双变质带。东部构造带以出现许多块状、条带状榴辉岩辉石岩橄榄岩组合的残余岩块为特征 ,其中还残留着高压的矿物 (石榴石、绿辉石、柯石英 ) ,而且有被混合岩和各种交代岩替代的显著标志。在中生代 ,苏鲁元古褶皱带受造山作用的影响活化 ,导致许多花岗岩体的侵入 ,使交代岩广泛发育。     

花岗岩类与大陆地壳生长初探——以中国典型造山带花岗岩类岩石的形成为例

本文主要基于东昆仑造山带、秦岭造山带、兴蒙造山带、阿尔泰造山带、燕山造山带以及华南过铝花岗岩带等花岗岩类形成的研究成果,讨论中国大陆内几个造山带的花岗岩类形成与大陆地壳生长方式和过程,我们的初步认识是:软流圈(对流地幔)的热和物质向大陆的输入(input)是大陆地壳生长和再改造的根本.大陆地壳的形成演化和再改造(reworking)主要通过岩浆作用完成,岩浆的形成、运移和定位是大陆地壳生长的基本过程.幔源玄武质岩浆底侵(underplating)于大陆地壳底部和内侵(intraplating)于地壳内部,是软流圈注入大陆的基本形式.造山带镁铁质下地壳的拆沉作用是致使陆壳总组成为中性火成岩(安山岩和闪长岩,或粗面安山岩和二长岩质的)的主要原因.收缩挤压构造作用使陆壳加厚达≥50 km,是诱发镁铁质下地壳拆沉作用的必需条件.火成岩构造组合及其时间序列是识别大陆地壳从软流圈地幔中分出,直至最终形成的过程的关键记录.     

Tectonic Evolution of the Middle Frontal Area of the Longmen Mountain Thrust Belt, Western Sichuan Basin, China

By analyzing the balanced cross sections and subsidence history of the Longmen Mountain thrust belt,China,we concluded that it had experienced five tectonic stages:(1)the formation stage (T3x) of the miniature of Longmen Mountain, early Indosinian movement, and Anxian tectonic movement created the Longmen Mountain;(2)the stable tectonic stage(J1)where weaker tectonic movement resulted in the Longmen Mountain thrust belt being slightly uplifted and slightly subsiding the foreland basin;(3)the intense tectonic stage(J2-3),namely the early Yanshan movement;(4) continuous tectonic movement(K-E),namely the late Yaushan movement and early Himalayan movement;and(5)the formation of Longrnen Mountain(N-Q),namely the late Himalayan movement. During those tectonic deformation stages, the Anxian movement and Himalayan movement played important roles in the Longmen Mountain'S formation.The Himalayan movement affected Longmen Mountain the most;the strata thrust intensively and were eroded severely.There are some klippes in the middle part of the Longmen Mountain thrust belt because a few nappes were pushed southeastward in later tectonic deformation.