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331.
中国自然景观综合信息图谱研究 总被引:17,自引:3,他引:14
地学图谱是用可视化形式 ,有规律的图形来表现空间信息 ,地学信息图谱是计算机化的地学图谱 ,是地图可视化的一种新形式。中国自然景观综合信息图谱是地学信息图谱研究的一个重要内容。本文首先介绍了自然景观信息图谱的基本概念 ;然后探讨中国自然景观综合信息图谱设计与提炼的技术路线 ,以及中国自然景观综合信息图谱与自然景观单要素信息图谱的提炼方法 ,并给出具体实例 ;最后简要介绍了中国自然景观综合信息图谱信息系统的研制。通过对中国自然景观综合信息图谱的设计与提炼 ,探讨了地学信息图谱的研究思路和技术路线 ,为地学信息图谱的进一步研究 ,提供了可借鉴的方法。 相似文献
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Based on the information from forest resources distribution maps of Luoning County of 1983 and 1999, six indices were used to analyze spatial patterns and dynamics of forest landscapes of the typical region in the middle of the Yihe-Luohe river basin. These indices include patch number, mean patch area, fragment index, patch extension index, etc. The results showed that: (1) There was a rapid increase in the number of patch and total area from 1983 to 1999 in the study area. The fragment degree became very high. (2) The area of all the forest patch types had witnessed great changes. The fractal degree of each forest patch type became big from 1983 to 1999. The mean extension index of Robinia pseudoacacia forest, non-forest, shrub forest, sparse forest, and Quercus species forest increased rapidly, but that of economic forest became zero. The fractal dimension each showed that forest coverage has been promoted. (3) The changes of landscape patterns were different in different geomorphic regions. From 1983 to 1999 the vegetation cover area, the gross number and the density of patch, diversity and evenness of landscape were all reduced greatly in gullies and ravines, but the maximum area and the mean area of patch types were increased. In hilly region, both the forest cover area and the number of patch increased from 1983 to 1999, but the mean area of patch was reduced greatly. In mountain region, even though the area under forest canopy reduced from 1983 to 1999, the patch number was increased greatly, the mean area of all patch types was reduced, the extension index, diversity index and evenness index of landscape were all increased. Furthermore, because of different types of land use, human activity and terrain, the vegetation changes on northern and southern mountain slopes were different. According to these analyses, the main driving forces, such as the policies of management, market economy, influence of human activities etc. are brought out. 相似文献
334.
城市景观为城市文化的载体,是城市物质表现,而城市文化同时又建设和改变着城市景观。佛山市是国家历史文化名城,景观与文化的相互作用显著,文中试以佛山市为例,追溯城市的文化背景、景观的空间演变,从历史文化景观、工商业专业文化景观、宗教文化景观、民俗文化景观、园林绿化景观等五个方面进行了文化特征分析,指出构建历史文化名城和现代生态城市相结合的综合性城市是佛山市今后作为区域中心城市的景观建设的取向。 相似文献
335.
景观生态学在生态旅游景观建设中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了景观学和生态学结合后的景观生态学在生态农业工程、城市景观生态工程、环境工程的应用研究成就,认为应用景观生态学正在萌芽。并从当前国内外生态旅游的发展现状,讨论了生态旅游的含义和特征。提出我国生态旅游的发展有两种不同模式:1)回归大自然的中长线旅游;2)人工自然景观的短线旅游。文中以较大的篇幅结合作者的研究实践,提出了景观生态学在生态旅游景观建设中的4个应用研究领域:(1)自然保护区和森林公园;(2)城市郊野公园;(3)农业观光园;(4)城市生态公园、绿化广场、斑块和廊道。 相似文献
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337.
Views and Visions of Land Use in the United Kingdom 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
As part of a national study aimed at surveying the land use and landscape of the United Kingdom, 1287 surveyors recorded their views and visions of one-kilometre grid squares in which they conducted fieldwork. This study, which took place in 1996, has links to previous national land-use surveys by L. Dudley Stamp (1950) and Alice Coleman (1976, 1977). Of the total sample, 1037 reports are from the observations of school children. Their views relate to six key questions which have been analysed using qualitative research techniques to identify categories of shared responses. Reported in frequency counts, the results highlight a degree of communality in the perceptions of the majority of young people and adults involved. They show their hopes and dreams for a cleaner and varied landscape in the future with more green space, greater provision for well-planned low density housing, and recreation facilities. At the same time their expressed concerns for the management of the environment, housing development, green space provision, recreation and leisure activities indicate a disquiet about the future. This apparent pessimism is most notable in the views for urban locations. For rural locations there is a higher expectation that things will remain more-or-less the same in 20 years time. 相似文献
338.
MARTIN J. PASQUALETTI 《Geographical review》2000,90(3):381-394
ABSTRACT. Most of us have not known—or cared—where our electricity comes from. Our attitude is changing, however, as we turn toward wind energy, now the fastest‐growing renewable energy resource in the world. Because we cannot extract and transport the raw energy of the wind, reaping its many environmental benefits requires that we cope with the landscape presence of its development wherever it occurs. Sometimes this interferes with the value of open space, and sometimes it may be close to subdivisions. It is the immobility and very visibility of wind power that makes its presence unavoidable. In that regard it cannot be hidden underground, stored in tanks, or moved by trains. It is an energy resource that reminds us that our electricity comes from somewhere. The more we wish to tap the power of the wind, the less we will be able to avoid the responsibilities that our demand for energy brings. This necessary bargain, first evident near Palm Springs, California, is now being experienced wherever wind power is being developed. 相似文献
339.
Landscape ecological construction and biodiversity protection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Landscapeecology,producedbyaGermannamedC.Trollin1939,wenttoresurrectioninthe1980safterhavingwaveredforoverfortyyears,andnowithasbeenanimportant,complicatedandcomprehensivecrossdiscipline.Inthe21stcentury,thesocialsustainabledevelopmentwillbethemajo… 相似文献
340.
空间异质性定量研究方法 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
岳天祥 《地球信息科学学报》1999,1(2):75-79
空间异质性是景观生态学定量化研究的核心,其定量研究方法包括景观综合图、数学模型和地学信息图谱.本文概括总结了景观综合图的内容和定量化指标,分析了这种定量化方法的优势和局限;对数学模型的复杂性、优点和与景观综合图的互补性作了简要分析,指出了数学模型研究需要进一步探讨和重视的问题;通过对地学信息图谱三个阶段(景观制图实验,图谱概念的提出和地学信息图谱理论的形成)的回顾和对其特点的分析,我们认为地学信息图谱综合了景观综合图和抽象的数学模型可以提供的互补信息,吸收了两者的优点,是空间异质性的综合定量研究方法. 相似文献