工业旅游项目电厂的景观设计

本文介绍了某工业旅游项目电厂的厂区规划和景观设计方案,提出电厂设计中应重视建筑元素的运用。     

四川大巴山国家地质公园地质遗迹景观数据库平台构建

本文以四川大巴山国家地质公园为例,研究并构建了一套面向地质遗迹资源管理和景观规划辅助为主要目标的数据库管理综合平台.参照《中国国家地质公园建设技术要求和工作指南》(2002),建立了适合研究区地质遗迹景观的分类体系、编码规则和数据库.设计开发了基于SOA的数据库管理平台架构,并通过网络门户集成各项服务.经投入运行表明,...     

SuperMap Deskpro在数字校园建模方法中的应用

近几年许多高校都开始建立自己的＂数字校园＂,用以方便管理,提高人力、物力的利用效率。三维景观建模作为＂数字校园＂的基础和重要组成部分,它让管理更加直观和有效。以咸宁学院校区为例,利用国产软件SuperMap Deskpro,通过数据准备、三维建模、纹理映射,建立了咸宁学院中心校区三维景观模型,进行了数字校园建模方法的研...     

基于3S技术的武汉城市湿地景观变迁

采用3S技术,以武汉城区为研究区,采用1991年、2003年Landsat-TM影像及2009年的CBERS02B-CCD影像为数据源,运用多尺度影像分割与目视解译相结合的方法提取3期湿地信息,并分析武汉城区近18年来湿地景观格局动态变迁。结果表明,近18年间城市湿地总面积减少,斑块的数目增加,破碎程度增加,平均斑块形...     

基于遥感影像的大郑东新区景观格局现状分析

研究基于RS和GIS技术,以研究区的土地利用现状图和2009年3月5号SPOT 5卫星的10 m多光谱遥感影像数据为主要数据源,结合研究区近年来的社会经济资料和实地调查记录,在深入分析研究区景观生态格局时空演变特征的基础上,以ENVI4. 5和Fragstats 3. 3软件作为支持工具,从具体的景观生态空间,提取能够...     

A channel head stability criterion for first‐order catchments

The present analysis derives a stability criterion for long‐term equilibrium channel heads. The concept of finite perturbation analysis is presented, during which the surface is subjected to perturbations of a finite amplitude and resulting changes in flow path structure and slope are computed. Based on these quantities the analysis predicts whether the perturbed location is going to erode, be filled in or remain steady. The channel head is defined geometrically as the focus point of converging flow lines at the bottom of hollows. It is demonstrated that stability at the channel head grows out of the competition between the rate of flow path convergence and the degree of profile concavity. Analytical functions are derived to compute channel head‐contributing area and ‐slope, flow path convergence and profile concavity as a function of perturbation depth, distance from the crest and the initial slope. In a numerical model these quantities point to the long‐term equilibrium channel head position, which is shown to depend also on the width to length ratio of hollows. It is also demonstrated that the equilibrium channel head position is sensitive to the base‐level lowering/non‐dimensional slope length ratio and to the slope of the initial topography. Morphometrical measurements both in the field and on simulated topographies were used to test the theoretical predictions.     

Modelling controls on aeolian dune‐field pattern evolution

A second‐generation, source‐to‐sink cellular automaton‐based model presented here captures and quantifies many of the factors controlling the evolution of aeolian dune‐field patterns by varying only a small number of parameters. The role of sediment supply, sediment availability and transport capacity (together defined as sediment state) in the development and evolution of an aeolian dune‐field pattern over long time scales is quantified from model simulations. Seven dune‐field patterns can be classified from simulation results varying the sediment supply and transport capacity that control the type and frequency of dune interactions, the sediment availability of the system and, ultimately, the development of dune‐field patterns. This model allows predictions to be made about the range of sediment supply and wind strengths required to produce the dune‐field patterns seen in the real world. A new clustered dune‐field pattern is identified from model results and used to propose an alternative mechanism for the formation of superimposed dunes. Bedforms are hypothesized to cluster together, simultaneously forming two spatial scales of bedforms without first developing a large basal dune with small superimposed dunes. Manipulation of boundary conditions produces evolving dune fields with different spatial configurations of sediment supply. Trends of spacing and crest length increase with decreasing variability as the dune field matures. This simple model is a valuable tool which can be used to elucidate the dominant control of aeolian sediment state on the construction and evolution of aeolian dune‐field patterns.     

热带雨林景观区土壤测量的应用效果

老挝中部、北部热带雨林地区的大地构造位置大致处于北西向长山岩浆—构造带和北东向琅布拉邦岩浆—构造带的交汇部位。该区域地表土壤测量分析表明,Cu与Pb、Zn、Ag、Sn、Mo、Sb、Hg、As、Cd、Co、B i总体呈共消长关系,为最佳元素组合。本区Cu、Pb、Zn等主要成矿元素沿花岗岩与灰岩接触带分布,Cu、Pb、Zn相关性不大并具有明显的分带性,Cu分布于接触带靠近花岗岩一侧,Pb、Zn分布于接触带靠近灰岩一侧,共伴生组分Mo、Sn、B i、Ag、Cd等异常明显。本区的元素组合可划分为5类:①Cu与Ag;②Pb与B i;③Zn与Cd;④Sn与Mo;⑤Sb与Hg、As。从元素分布特征看,本区具有矽卡岩的成矿特征,同时又可能有斑岩成矿的潜力。     

九寨沟自然保护区景观变化与保护

立足于景观尺度,基于RS和GIS技术及景观生态学原理,使用巢式分析法研究了1975-2007年九寨沟自然保护区景观变化,包括景观格局、景观过程,讨论了景观变化的驱动因素.结果表明:1.最近30多年来,九寨沟自然保护区及外围圈层各类景观都发生了不同程度的变化:自保护区建立以来,林地、水域分别净增899.56 hm2、7.06 hm2,疏林/灌丛、草地分别减少440.52 hm2、970.60 hm2,耕地已全部实现退耕;而同期外围2个圈层的林地却分别减少9 012.23 hm2、25 975.28 hm2,水域减少16.89 hm2、0.83 hm2,建设用地增加376.58 hm2、1 340.35 hm2.草地增加4 883.18 hm2、56 462.11 hm2.在景观水平上,保护区破碎化程度最低,而多样性程度最高,但在类型水平上,保护区2007年的林地却仍然比1975年破碎.2.各种宏观政策,包括保护政策、旅游发展及其所引发的人类活动是九寨沟自然保护区及其外围2个圈层林地、建设用地、耕地景观变化的驱动因素,而自然地理过程是九寨沟自然保护区及其外围2个圈层冰雪/裸岩、水域景观变化的驱动因素.针对景观变化和未来面临的挑战提出了保护建议.     

城市景观遥感影像融合质量对小波基选取的响应

应用IHS和小波变换结合的融合算法时,小波基的选取是影响融合图像质量的关键,而且包含不同地物信息的影像融合质量对小波基的响应特征有待深入探讨。该文以SPOT全色和多光谱影像为数据源,选取大量高、低密度建筑城市景观影像样本,用信息量、平均梯度和偏差指数3个指标定量评价融合质量,分析不同小波簇下两类融合图像之间的质量差异。研究表明:融合质量与影像所含地物特征密切相关;相对于其它小波簇,rbioNr.Nd表现出较强的变异性;两类融合图像在各小波簇上的波动性差异明显,并呈分段特征;根据质量需求和具体景观特征影像,可以在分解层数固定的情况下选取最佳小波基,以获取高质量融合图像。