采用多准则决策算法的耕地适宜性评价

针对空间数据属性值的不精确对评价因子总体排序的影响的问题,该文提出了ELECTRE TRI算法与GIS结合的耕地适宜性评价方法。该方法可以抵消空间数据属性值的不精确对评价因子总体排序的影响,使评价结果更客观真实。在ELECTRE TRI算法的两种分类方法中,悲观分类法的阈值比较按照从高到低排序容易造成属性值的不精确,影响排序结果,而乐观分类法能较好地避免出现类似情况。两种评价结果的评价单元数在三种相应等级下重合评价单元较多。评价结果表明评价结果较为相近,具有一定准确合理性。研究结论对区域耕地利用结构调整、划定基本农田保护区以及促进耕地差别化管理具有一定的参考价值。     

A GIS-based method for defining snow zones: application to the western United States

This study maps the geographic extent of intermittent and seasonal snow cover in the western United States using thresholds of 2000–2010 average snow persistence derived from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer snow cover area data from 1 January to 3 July. Results show seasonal snow covers 13% of the region, and intermittent snow covers 25%. The lower elevation boundaries of intermittent and seasonal snow zones increase from north-west to south-east. Intermittent snow is primarily found where average winter land surface temperatures are above freezing, whereas seasonal snow is primarily where winter temperatures are below freezing. However, temperatures at the boundary between intermittent and seasonal snow exhibit high regional variability, with average winter seasonal snow zone temperatures above freezing in west coast mountain ranges. Snow cover extent at peak accumulation is most variable at the upper elevations of the intermittent snow zone, highlighting the sensitivity of this snow zone boundary to climate conditions.     

面向土地利用调查的时空数据库构建技术

为了满足"一调""二调"等不同时期土地利用变化数据管理与分析的需要,文章在分析时态数据库构建中存在的问题的基础上,引入变更事件、重建事件和多基态,建立了基于事件组的多基态修正模型,实现了"一调""二调"土地利用数据一体化存储;针对"一调""二调"空间数据不一致的几何重建和语义转换问题,提出通过重建事件表实现重建前后要素归档及查询;同时,针对土地利用数据管理的现状以及数据形态,提出了土地利用变更增量提取、时态拓扑关系构建的方法,实现了土地利用时空数据库的构建。最后,以武汉市汉南区数据为例开发了原型系统,实验结果表明本文提出的模型、方法具有较强的实用性。     

三维地籍在深圳市土地立体化管理中的应用

针对传统的基于二维平面的土地管理模式和技术不能很好地应对人地矛盾日趋紧张带来的城市土地的立体化利用等问题,该文首先分析了应对这种趋势的解决方法,提出了适应深圳市的土地管理思想:"二维常规化管理为主,三维特殊化管理为辅",然后据此建立了二/三维混合土地管理系统框架,着重阐述了系统建设的内容,并分析了此框架体系在土地立体化管理中的实际应用情况和存在的问题。     

不同时期土地利用空间数据同化方法

针对不同时期土地利用空间数据之间的差异以及常用软件的不足,该文基于空间数据同化基本理论及策略,提出了FME与ArcGIS联合的不同时期土地利用空间数据同化方法。详细阐述了该方法的实施步骤及相关原理,并进行了初步的实验验证。实验结果表明,所提方法能够快速高效地消除不同时期土地利用数据之间在数据格式、数据语义、坐标系统等方面的差异,提高数据之间的协调一致性。该研究为不同时期土地利用空间数据的综合应用与分析提供了参考。     

Soil characterization based on land cover heterogeneity over a tropical landscape: an integrated approach using earth observation data-sets

Soil is a vital part of the natural environment and is always responding to changes in environmental factors, along with the influences of anthropogenic factors and land use changes. The long-term change in soil properties will result in change in soil health and fertility, and hence the soil productivity. Hence, the main aim of this paper focuses on the analysis of land use/land cover (LULC) change pattern in spatial and temporal perspective and to present its impact on soil properties in the Merawu catchment over the period of 18?years. Post classification change detection was performed to quantify the decadal changes in historical LULC over the periods of 1991, 2001 and 2009. The pixel to pixel comparison method was used to detect the LULC of the area. The key LULC types were selected for investigation of soil properties. Soil samples were analysed in situ to measure the physicochemical soil properties. The results of this study show remarkable changes in LULC in the period of 18?years. The effect of land cover change on soil properties, soil compaction and soil strength was found to be significant at a level of <0.05.     

Land quality index assessment for agricultural purpose using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)

In this study, an attempt has been made to apply Remote Sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) to determine land quality for agriculture purpose using analytic hierarchy process technique. In this study, various thematic layers were used like organic matter content, soil texture, soil depth, soil pH, soil P, soil K, geomorphology, run-off potential, slope and land use/land cover to assess the land quality index of the study area for the agriculture purpose which were generated in the RS and GIS environment. The study area can be divided into four zones, viz. high quality, moderately quality, marginally quality and low quality according to their suitability of land quality for agriculture purpose. It was found that about 39.09, 31.24, 20.41 and 9.26% of the study area falls under high quality zone, moderately quality, marginally quality and low quality zone, respectively, for agricultural purpose.     

Exploring land use policy scenarios with the use of a cellular automata-based model: urban sprawl containment and sustainable development in Thessaloniki

This study addresses the issue of urban sprawl through the application of a cellular automata (CA)-based model in the area of Thessaloniki, Greece. The model integrates a multiple regression model at the regional level with a CA model at the local level. New urban land is allocated in a disaggregated field of land units (cells) taking into account a wide range of data. Particular emphasis is placed on the way zoning regulations and land availability data are inserted into the model, so that alternative land use policy scenarios could be examined. Thessaloniki, a typical Mediterranean city, is used as a case study. The model is used to compare two scenarios of urban growth up to year 2030; the first one assuming a continuation of existing trends, whereas the second one assuming the enactment of various land use zoning regulations in order to contain urban sprawl.     

Remote sensing-derived national land cover land use maps: a comparison for Malawi

Reliable land cover land use (LCLU) information, and change over time, is important for Green House Gas (GHG) reporting for climate change documentation. Four different organizations have independently created LCLU maps from 2010 satellite imagery for Malawi for GHG reporting. This analysis compares the procedures and results for those four activities. Four different classification methods were employed; traditional visual interpretation, segmentation and visual labelling, digital clustering with visual identification and supervised signature extraction with application of a decision rule followed by analyst editing. One effort did not report classification accuracy and the other three had very similar and excellent overall thematic accuracies ranging from 85 to 89%. However, despite these high thematic accuracies there were very significant differences in results. National percentages for forest ranged from 18.2 to 28.7% and cropland from 40.5 to 53.7%. These significant differences are concerns for both remote-sensing scientists and decision-makers in Malawi.     

DSM数据存储与变化检测算法研究

数字表面模型DSM由于其对地表空间形态的真实反映,成为土地利用变化检测中的重要数据资源。本文系统分析了DSM数据的特点,建立了一个基于Oracle的数据存储解决方案,实现了海量DSM数据的有效管理以及信息的更新;另外,本文还设计了通过DSM进行差异检测的算法,该方法能够快速、准确地发现城市建设中发生的变化,是适用于地理国情监测工作的有效技术。