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51.
Xing Zhang 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1993,11(2):107-124
Summary Based on an extension to a model originally proposed by Zhang (1990), a method for estimating the shear strength of a jointed rock mass containing two joint sets is developed. Compared to the original method in which only a single en-echelon joint set was considered, the new method has the following advantages: (1) it allows a much more realistic joint pattern to be incorporated; (2) the effects of joint connectivity and intersection angle between joint sets on shear strength are included. Use of the new method is demonstrated by application to the calculation of the stability of slopes in jointed rock. The importance of joint connectivity, joint persistence and joint set intersection angle on slope stability, as predicted by the model, is revealed. 相似文献
52.
Xian-Kang Zhang Zhuo-Xin Yang Yu-Chun Yang Jian Yang Jian-Li Song Ping Zhao 《地震学报(英文版)》1995,8(4):519-529
In this paper, the theory and method, obtaining the tomographic determination of three-dimensional velocity structure of the
crust by use of the joint inversion of explosion and earthquake data, are given. The velocity distribution of the crust is
regarded as a continuous function of the spatial coordinates without parametrization of the velocity model ahead, so that
the inversion solution would not be influenced by different parametrization procedures. The expressions of integration kernels,
which relates the two kinds of data sets, are also given. The authors have processed the observed data in Tangshan earthquake
region by the method proposed in this paper, and obtained the tomographic results of the middle and upper crust structures
in this region. The comparison of these results with the result obtained only by the explosion data, has also been made. 相似文献
53.
Centrifuge Modeling of Rock Slopes Susceptible to Block Toppling 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary This paper presents the results of centrifuge tests that were aimed at validating the Goodman-Bray method for rock slope toppling
analysis. The Goodman-Bray method was extended by the authors to accommodate non-persistent basal planes of rock columns.
Two gypsum column models, with and without anchors were used to represent the failure modes. Measured critical centrifuge
accelerations were in agreement with the results obtained from numerical modeling. A background of the toppling slope failures
associated with a large hydropower project in China instigated the need for the centrifuge study. The centrifuge model tests
used an artificial rock. The observed failure mode did not follow a straight failure plane as proposed by Goodman and Bray.
The failures revealed a bi-planar slip surface with a deep-seated portion near the toe of the slope. The outcomes of the centrifuge
tests illustrated the need to search for the critical failure surface when performing a toppling analysis. The search technique
is similar to that usually performed in a conventional sliding analysis. 相似文献
54.
55.
A time-domain method for the analysis of arch dam-foundation rock dynamic interaction during earthquake was proposed, and
the dynamic relaxation technique was adopted to obtain the initial static response for dynamic analysis by [Du et al. (2005).
The paper has been contributed to Bulletin of earthquake engineering]. In this paper, a nonlinear explicit method in time
domain considering the opening and closing effect of contact joints on arch dam during earthquake is further proposed by introducing
the dynamic contact force model into the method. The simulation accuracy of dynamic contact force model is verified by comparing
its calculation result and test result of scale model on shaking table. Finally, the influence of joints on the seismic response
of Xiaowan arch dam is studied by the proposed method and some conclusions are given. 相似文献
56.
57.
Bjrn Bjrnsson 《Limnologica》2001,31(4):281-288
In the lake Ellidavatn, southwest Iceland, the diel activity of Arctic char and brown trout was studied in autumn (September) and spring (April) by removing the fish from gillnets every 3 hours for three days. Additional fish samples, evening and morning, were taken at other times of the year. The catch per unit effort was about 10 times higher during the nighttime than daytime for both char and trout. The median weight of char was lowest near the middle of night (80 g) and highest near the middle of day (140 g). The median weight of trout was also lowest near the middle of night (110 g) and highest near the middle of day (330 g). The main diet of char consisted of the cladoceran Eurycercus lamellatus in September and chironomid larvae in April and the main diet of trout was always sticklebacks. In autumn and spring, the feeding was nocturnal in the char but crepuscular in the trout. The median stomach content of char was highest at dawn (0.52% of body weight) and lowest at dusk (0.14% of body weight). It is proposed that nocturnal char shift through the bottom substrate in search for prey. The median stomach content of trout was highest at 09.00–18.00 and 24.00–03.00 hours (0.13–0.18% of body weight) and lowest at 03.00–06.00 and 18.00–21.00 hours (0.02–0.07% of body weight). Different feeding times may help to secure mutual coexistence of char and trout in a small lake. In autumn and spring, the average daily consumption of char was about 0.8% of body weight, less than half their maximum food intake. 相似文献
58.
Micro-sheeting of granite and its relationship with landsliding specifically after the heavy rainstorm in June 1999, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. Chigira 《Engineering Geology》2001,59(3-4):219-231
Certain types of granite in mountainous areas are microscopically sheeted to a depth of 50 m due to unloading under the stress field that reflects slope morphology. Micro-sheets generally strike parallel to major slope surfaces and gently dip downslope, forming cataclinal overdip slopes. The cataclinal overdip slope accelerates creep movement of micro-sheeted granite, which in turn loosens and disintegrates granite via the widening or neoformation of cracks, probably in combination with stress release, temperature change, and changes in water content near the ground surface. The surface portion of micro-sheeted granite is thus loosened with a well-defined basal front, which finally slides in response to heavy rain. Innumerable landslides of this type occurred in Hiroshima Prefecture, western Japan, following the heavy rainstorm of 29 June 1999. Following such landslides, the weathering of micro-sheeted granite exposed on the landslide scar recommences, setting the stage for future landslide. 相似文献
59.
关于大地电磁的静校正问题 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
本文从理论上严格地论述了大地电磁测深曲线静态位移的原理,简单介绍了目前国内外所采用的静校正方法,并着重分析了我们所用的压制表层电性不均匀干扰的办法及其效果。 相似文献
60.
岩石节理粗糙度系数的分形特征 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
岩石节理粗糙度系数JRC是估算节理抗剪强度和变形指标最重要的参数。通过对简易纵剖面仪获取的节理表面轮廓曲线的分形研究,讨论了节理表面轮廓曲线的自相似性和JRC的自相似性,并根据实测统计资料的分析,指出了分形理论研究JRC的适用条件和有效的使用方法。由实测统计资料的JRC尺寸效应自相似性分析,认为JRC尺寸效应具分形结构。本文介绍了一种确定JRC尺寸效应分维数D的方法,由此确定的分维数D具有明确的物理意义。 相似文献