琼西戈枕侵入体的地质特征及其发现意义

通过详细的地质调查和综合研究,笔者在海南西部中元古界抱板混合岩中划分出古老的戈枕侵入体,它由花岗闪长岩单元和二长花岗岩单元组成,并以锆石Pb-Pb法测得其中的花岗闪长岩的结晶年龄为1397±46Ma,从而肯定了海南岛存在长城纪变质地层,它应是华夏古陆的一部分。长城纪末的大规模钙碱性花岗岩侵入是一次造山作用的记录,并使抱板群基本固结定型。因而提出了海南克拉通的概念。     

陆壳改造型花岗岩铀成矿机理的探讨

含微量铀丰度较高的地层,经混合岩化与花岗岩化而转变为陆壳改造型花岗岩,部分铀进入矿物结晶格架,部分铀则存在于残余岩浆热液室中。后期构造将其疏导、汇集、成矿。因此本文提出了陆壳改造型花岗岩铀成矿模式及找矿方向,并认为应将其划入层控矿床类型。     

Distributive characteristics of reservoirs and exploration potential associated with intrusive rocks of Yingcheng Formation in Yingtai rift depression,NE China

Petroleum geologists have paid great attentions to the volcanic reservoirs of Songliao Basin in NE China. There are plenty of subvolcanic rocks in the Songliao Basin accompanying the Early Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation. The logging data show the good reservoir potential of these intrusive rocks but the distribution characteristics and formation mechanisms of these reservoirs are not clearly understood. Based on the previous studies by using coring,cuts and logging data of Yingtai rift depression,the reservoirs' characteristics of intrusive rocks are presented. There are two types of intrusive rocks namely the syenodiorite-porphyrite and diabase which occur as laccolith and / or sill,both having the characteristics of low gamma and high density with little primary porosity and permeability. The prevalent reservoir porosity is the secondary porosity,such as spongy / cavernous pore,tectonic fracture. The laboratory data of porosity of diabase can reach 6. 7%,but the permeability is less than 0. 6 × 10~(-3)μm~2,median pressure is high,indicating that the pore throat of this kind reservoir is small.The maximum logging porosity is about 12%. The change of porosity does not correlate to the buried depth. It is the major significant differences in the distributive characteristics compared to the normal sedimentary rock reservoirs. Most of intrusive rocks underwent alteration diagenesis whilst some were subjected to precipitation diagenesis. The spongy and cavernous pore can be formed during the alteration processes of plagioclase to illite and pyroxene to chlorite. The secondary porosity is greatly correlated with the alteration intensity of matrix,plagioclase and pyroxene. There are pyroxenes and more plagioclases in diabase,which cause the higher alteration intensity than the syenodiorite-porphyrites in the same acid fluid. So the porosity of diabase is higher than that of syenodiorite-porphyrites. The top or / and bottom part of intrusive rocks develop the higher porosity. Because those parts are easy to contact formation fluid,and the shrink fractures give the more surface for reaction between fluid and rock. The porosity of intrusive rocks is same to the volcanic rocks in Yingtai rift depression and Xujiaweizi rift depression which bear the prolific gas. It suggests good reservoir potential. Intrusive rocks are hosted by the dark mudstone which indicates semi-deep and deep lake facies belt.     

华北克拉通南缘四十里长山地区中生代脉岩的锆石 U-Pb 定年及成因初探

华北克拉通南缘四十里长山地区岩浆活动弱,仅发育中生代脉岩,因此缺乏对形成时代和岩浆作用的研究。本文依据四十里长山地区脉岩的锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb定年结果和全岩元素地球化学分析确定其形成时代及成因。四十里长山地区脉岩由基性、酸性两个端元组成,按岩性可分为煌斑岩脉岩、花岗斑岩脉岩及正长岩类脉岩,其侵位年龄分别为：80.9±1.8 Ma、86.1±1.0 Ma和85.6±1.0 Ma,构成一套晚白垩世双峰式侵入岩组合。四十里长山地区基性煌斑岩起源于富集大陆岩石圈地幔的部分熔融岩浆,内含416 Ma左右的继承性锆石和偏钠质的煌斑岩,暗示了地幔源区含俯冲扬子陆壳的混入岩和软流圈地幔的改造;酸性脉岩属于A型花岗质岩石,起源于底侵的幔源基性岩浆诱发地壳物质部分熔融形成的壳源酸性岩浆以及它们的混合岩浆。中国东部乃至东北亚地区晚白垩世火成岩的空间展布特征证实,四十里长山地区双峰式脉岩的形成与太平洋板块向欧亚大陆下俯冲作用相联系,其形成于类似弧后盆地的板内伸展环境。     

Remarkable Cave,Tasmania

At Remarkable Cave, southern Tasmania, Triasssic sedimentary rocks are intruded by Jurassic dolerite to form a sheet-like body of unknown thickness to the east of and below Remarkable Cave. The sedimentary rocks near sea-level at Remarkable Cave show deformation and flow structures, and are composed of recrystallised predominantly quartz and feldspar with some darker alteration minerals and zeolite in the more massive parts of the recrystallised rock. The deformation was caused by the intrusion of dolerite. At the top of the sheet-like body to the east of Remarkable Cave there is rheomorphic veining into the dolerite following joint fractures. The dolerite is locally transgressive. In Remarkable Cave, dolerite must occur just below the floor of the cave to heat the sedimentary rocks to much higher temperatures than typical contact aureoles in the area, supporting a local feeder geometry, or compositional control.     

华北克拉通北部古-中元古代富碱侵入岩的Nd、Sr、Pb同位素地球化学：岩石圈地幔富集的证据

华北克拉通北部古-中元古代富碱侵入岩主要分布在燕辽三叉裂堑系和辽吉拗拉谷中及附近,为一套高碱高钾的基性-中性岩,以正长岩类为主。本文通过开展系统的 Nd、Sr、Pb 同位素研究,发现所有岩体岩石均以高负ε_(Nd)(t)为特征,ε_(Nd)(t)=-3.4～-7.5,平均值为～4.8,这与研究区古-中元古代基性-超基性岩石的 Nd 同位素特征(ε_(Nd)(t)=-4～-8) 一致,与燕辽裂堑系发育的偏碱性火山岩 Nd 同位素特征(ε_(Nd)(t)=-4.3～-8.9)也比较相似,表明它们的物质来源相似,都与富集地幔有关。Sr 同位素初始比值(~(87)St/~(86)Sr)_i比较低,主要变化在0.7028～0.7053之间,平均值为0.7041。钾长石铅同位素组成普遍较低,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)pb/~(204)Pb、~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb 比值变化范围(梁屯-矿洞沟岩体除外)分别为14.500～15.70l、14.887～15.150和34.178～36.537,平均值分别为14.968、14.984和35.057。在ε_(Nd)(t)-ε_(Sr)(t)图解上,所有岩体的投影点均在地幔演化趋势线附近,比较接近 EMI 型富集地幔端员,暗示它们的物质来源与 EMI 型富集地幔有关;钾长石 Pb 同位素模式图也说明这些岩体物质来源与地幔和下地壳有关。通过两端员混合模拟,揭示了岩浆演化过程中存在少量的下地壳物质混染,平均约14%左右。从2.5Ga 左右开始华北克拉通岩石圈地幔的亏损程度逐渐变小,在2.2Ga 左右局部呈现富集性特征,1.85Ga时整个岩石圈地幔已经完全转变为富集性,之后富集程度越来越高。推测早期俯冲携带的壳源物质以及后期地幔流体的交代作用可能是岩石圈地幔逐渐转变为富集性的原因。     

橄榄石标型特征及其找矿意义

通过国内２０个含铬铁矿、铜镍矿和饥钛磁铁矿的基性、超基性岩体中６８个橄榄石化学成分、产出状态、地球化学特征、有序度和岩浆包裹体橄榄石子矿物、温度、压力等标型特征研究显示，产于不同矿化基性、超基性岩中橄榄石的标型特征明显不同，为找寻铬铁矿、铜镍矿和钒钛磁铁矿矿产提供重要标志。     

太古宙古深成侵入体的识别标志

本文讨论了太古宙古深成侵入体的主要识别标志:接触关系;岩体变形特征;包体特征;脉体;岩石结构;地球化学特征。     

粤中-粤东地区区域重力成果

介绍"十五"以来广东省完成的粤中-粤东地区1:20万区域重力调查工作所取得的成果.     

大兴安岭大洋山钼矿区侵入岩年代学、岩石地球化学特征及岩石成因

本文研究了黑龙江省大兴安岭东北部大洋山钼矿区中生代侵入岩的年代学和岩石地球化学特征,探讨了研究区中生代侵入岩的形成时代、岩石成因及构造背景。采用电感耦合-等离子体质谱仪（LA-ICP-MS）锆石U-Pb定年方法,获得细中粒二长花岗岩加权平均年龄分别为（177.3±2.6）Ma和（176.5±1.6）Ma, 为早侏罗世;闪长玢岩加权平均年龄为（158.0±2.7）Ma, 为晚侏罗世。岩石地球化学研究表明：细中粒二长花岗岩具高Si,富K和贫Fe、Mn、Mg等特征,大离子亲石元素Rb、K和LREE富集,高场强元素Nb、Zr、P、Th和HREE亏损,具有显著的Eu负异常（δEu =0.39）,结合其低Cr、Ni、Co质量分数和低Mg^#值（Mg^#为27.25）,指示壳源岩浆特征;闪长玢岩偏碱,富K和Na,Ca、Ti、Mg等元素质量分数中等,大离子亲石元素Rb、K、Sr相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Th和HREE相对亏损,具俯冲带弧岩浆岩的特征。综合研究表明,细中粒二长花岗岩和闪长玢岩的形成均受到北部蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲作用的影响,蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋残留部分在大兴安岭东北部俯冲闭合时间为晚侏罗世—早白垩世期间。