Preservation of Palaeoproterozoic early Svecofennian structures in the Orijärvi area, SW Finland—Evidence for polyphase strain partitioning

The predominantly migmatitic Palaeoproterozoic Uusimaa belt preserves early lower-grade Svecofennian structures in the Orijärvi area in SW Finland. This study aims at explaining the deformational history responsible for its preservation and also at defining the age of the early Svecofennian deformation. Detailed structural analysis reveals that the preservation was enabled by polyphase strain partitioning, which initiated during the early Svecofennian D₂ deformation, 1875 Ma ago, as revealed by ion microprobe U–Pb data on zircons from granodioritic and intermediate syn-D₂ intrusive dykes. The D₂ structures were low-strain upright folds at high crustal levels and sub-horizontal high-strain folds at deeper crustal levels. The sub-horizontal D₂ structures were refolded into upright folds during the subsequent late Svecofennian D₃ deformation, whereas the upright D₂ structures behaved as almost rigid blocks that caused strain partitioning into high-strain zones along the block margins. This accounts for the low cumulative strain in specific parts of the Orijärvi area. Further strain partitioning during D₄ caused reverse dip-slip movements along regional-scale shear zones. Crustal depth controlled the metamorphic grade during D₂, when local migmatisation took place at deep crustal levels. Later metamorphic overprint during D₃ deformation is evident from post-D₂ growth of sillimanite and a second generation of andalusite.Similarities in the structural patterns between the Orijärvi area and the Tampere-Vammala area (100 km to the north) suggest that irrespective of the age of the later overprint, subsequent deformation was localised along the margins of the early formed upright domains, while the low-grade rocks within the domains were preserved.     

常德市城区工程地质特征

常德市城区包括武陵区、武陵镇、德山,它位于洞庭湖淤积平原上,工程地质条件复杂,为多土层结构,软土层发育。常德为7度地震区。据土层特征,标准贯入,动、静三轴试验结果,在武陵区、武陵镇一带,轻亚粘土31.1％有液化,淤泥质轻亚粘土55.4％有液化,粉砂—细砂层60.5％有液化。据此对常德市城区的工程勘察、地基基础类型提出了一些具体看法和建议。     

与全球变化有关的几个北极海洋地质问题

极地区域是全球变化研究的重点区域 ,在北极地区与全球变化有关的地质问题主要是北极地区的海陆变化对全球变化的影响 ,以及全球变化在地层中的记录。这涉及到北极形态变化及与其它大洋沟通的水道开闭情况 ,地形起伏对大气、大洋环流的影响 ,地壳升降与海平面变化对河流流量和海岸稳定性的影响 ,气体水合物及有机碳等变化对全球碳循环的影响 ,以及这些影响与气候变化信息在极地沉积物中的记录。文章在对上述影响及海洋地质研究状况进行探讨后 ,又简要介绍了中国的首次北极考察海洋地质研究状况     

徽县银洞子金矿床地质特征与控矿因素分析

银洞子金矿床位于甘肃徽县东南部,属多因素沉积再造型矿床。矿床受EW向F1断裂及次级构造控制,金矿化与下石炭统下岩组凝灰岩、凝灰质灰岩、不纯的薄层灰岩及其构造角砾岩有关,在金矿化区常见中基性—中酸性小岩体（枝）分布。金矿化赋存在通过此岩组断裂中。与金矿化关系密切的围岩蚀变主要是硅化、黄铁矿化、褐铁矿化、碳酸盐化等。     

Aims and Scope

正Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)mainly reports the latest and most important achievements in the theoretical and basic research in geological sciences,together with new technologies,in the world.Papers published involve various aspects of research concerning geosciences and related disciplines,such as stratigraphy,paleontology,     

海平面上升压力下厦门大学白城湾整治的探析

厦门大学白城湾为福建厦门岛南部、九龙江口外的一个小型海湾,水动力环境复杂。在海平面上升压力下,该区域的环境地质问题会进一步的突显。结合前人在此区域的研究成果,详细阐明海湾存在的环境地质问题,探讨有效合理防预整治措施,应对海平面上升而产生的影响,以期构建和谐的海湾环境。     

豫西鱼池岭斑岩型钼矿床地质特征及其辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄

河南省嵩县鱼池岭钼矿是近几年在东秦岭钼矿带中新发现的超大型斑岩钼矿床.该钼矿床产于合峪复式花岗岩体及隐爆角砾岩中.含矿岩体以富二氧化硅、铝质、贫钙、富碱、高F以及K2O含量大于Na2O含量为特征.矿区内辉钼矿化主要类型为浸染状、细脉状、网脉状,薄膜状和薄饼状.成矿围岩蚀变类型有钾长石化、硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化、黄铁绢英岩化、绿帘石化、绿泥石化和高岭石化等,具典型的斑岩型钼矿床的矿化和围岩蚀变特征.笔者选取了6件不同矿化类型的辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得模式年龄(130.3±2.0)～(131.7±1.9)Ma,等时线年龄(131.2±1.4)Ma.表明该矿床形成于早白垩世,与赋矿的合峪花岗岩体的侵位年龄相一致,应为同一构造-岩浆-流体活动的产物.辉钼矿中Re的含量为12.48×10<'-6>～53.39×10<'-6>,表明成矿物质具有壳幔混源性质.鱼池岭钼矿与东沟、汤家坪等斑岩钼矿形成于同一时期,应为东秦岭-大别地区晚中生代区域岩石圈大规模伸展的响应.     

A new look at an old unconformity: field and geochemical data from James Hutton's original unconformity on the Isle of Arran, Scotland

In the year 1787, while visiting the Isle of Arran in southwestern Scotland, James Hutton made the initial discovery of what is now called an angular unconformity. In his example, Dalradian (Neoproterozoic - Cambrian) metasedimentary rocks are overlain by Early Carboniferous (Dinantian) sedimentary rocks of fluvial origin. The exact position of the plane of unconformity has been uncertain because of the presence of a resistant carbonate-rich zone (cornstone) on the Dalradian paleosurface. Whereas the unconformity was previously placed in an erosional re-entrant beneath the prominent carbonate-rich layer, it should be located at the contact between the Dalradian metasedimentary rocks, including those affected by cornstone formation, and overlying Dinantian pebbly sandstones. A prominent set of joints in the Dalradian rocks is sub-parallel to bedding in the overlying Carboniferous rocks and has contributed to ambiguity concerning placement of the plane of unconformity. A second exposure of Hutton's unconformity, at the SW end of the same small Carboniferous outlier on the Arran coast, displays the contact relationships unambiguously. Geochemical investigation of samples from the new locality shows that the cornstones are enriched in CaO, volatiles (LOI), MgO, and MnO. Formation of the cornstone involved replacement of siliciclastic Dalradian metasediments by dolomite. Relative to the fresh Dalradian rocks, the cornstones are depleted in most trace elements, but display enrichment in Sr, Y, Cu, and REE. The cornstone is enriched in REE in a systematic fashion, with a particularly strong concentration of MREE. A mirror-image pattern in the associated Dalradian rocks suggests that the REE enrichment observed in the cornstone is a result of leaching from the country rocks by groundwater, followed by evaporative concentration.     

四姑娘山地区的另类地质遗迹--特别元素背景下的奇异植被

四姑娘山地区的旅游景观主要由第四纪冰川地质遗迹形成，但同时其独特的地质结构形成了异化沙棘、松茸、红石等导向性景观。作者在本文中通过地质地球化学、土壤地球化学研究，认为这些景观均与特殊土壤元素背景有关，是一种特殊意义上的另类地质遗迹。     

碱型地幔流体与富碱热液成矿

碱交代作用是整个热液作用成矿的一个基本机理,包括:①所有的热液作用是碱型地幔流体从对岩石(或岩体或地层)进行碱交代(K、Na的带入)开始的;②提供矿源(靠富K、Na热液的强烈交代作用在热液上升路途中萃取岩石矿质);③形成碱交代岩,使热液由强碱性向酸性([H+]离子浓度增长)演化,以破坏稳定的矿质迁移形式,导致沉淀、卸载、成矿;④碱交代岩是高压高温爆裂岩,角砾和次生孔隙度由此大增,有利于热液和构造再活动,成为金属成矿和油气成藏的有利储矿围岩.文章用新的证据证明此富碱热液来自深部碱型地幔流体(A-HA00NS).通过碱金属地球化学这条纲把热液作用和地幔流体作用串联为深浅一个整体.