中亚地区阿姆河盆地查尔朱、布哈拉阶地构造特征及演化

阿姆河盆地是中亚地区重要的含油气盆地,位于阿姆河北岸的查尔朱阶地和布哈拉阶地为盆地的二级构造单元,其油气资源量占全盆地的一半。油气主要富集于阶地的局部背斜构造和生物礁圈闭中,这些圈闭与该区构造形成演化密不可分。利用常规地质资料,通过精细地层对比和地震资料解释,识别出两个关键界面:侏罗纪末的断拗转换面和早第三纪末的区域角度不整合面,并结合板块构造理论确定了构造变形时期。研究认为,侏罗纪以来两阶地经历了侏罗纪—白垩纪断陷—拗陷期和早第三纪抬升—改造期两个重要演化阶段,形成了上、中、下三大构造层。断陷—拗陷阶段的沉积控制了该区的构造格局;中构造层膏盐层的发育丰富了后期的构造样式。早第三纪—晚第三纪的构造运动使该区构造发生了强烈变革,形成了典型的逆断裂、走滑断裂带和不对称复合背斜构造带。     

东太平洋CC区多金属结核物质来源和分布规律

对东太平洋CC区(Clarion-Clipperton Zone)多金属结核丰度、品位、多波束地形测量、深拖光学覆盖率探测、地震勘探等一系列调查资料综合研究表明:①东区和西区结核在其化学成分和形态上有差异,但是聚类分析结果表明不能按区域断然分开;②因子分析得出东、西两区结核4种主因子是Mn组元素Mn、Cu、Ni、Zn,Fe组元素Fe、Co、Ti、Sr,岩源组元素Si、Al、K,生物元素Ca、P;③西区结核成矿物质主要来源于上覆海水中金属元素的化学沉淀,火山成矿作用使结核富集和丰度增加,趋势面和人工神经网络分析表明结核主要分布在海底坡度≤5°地区,该地区的结核量占总结核量的89.62％,坡度>5°地区结核量占10.38％;④东区结核丰度、覆盖率、地形三者变化一致,重大相变距离为10～15km,来自地幔成矿物质通过玄武质洋壳裂隙和断层,为多金属结核的形成和生长提供了丰富的物质来源,地球深部地质作用过程如基底岩浆房活动可能对结核分布产生重要影响;⑤东太平洋CC区多金属结核矿带的形成应归于海底板块扩张活动的一种资源效应和经后期表生地质作用改造的结果。     

新疆东天山香山岩体橄榄石特征及其成因意义

新疆东天山香山镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体位于东天山镜儿泉-黄山镁铁-超镁铁质岩带的西段,由香山东、香山中、香山西3个岩体组成。其中香山中产出中型铜镍矿,香山西为小型铜镍-钒钛铁复合型矿床。香山岩体橄榄石为贵橄榄石,Fo值多为81.90~85.66,Ni含量为638×10^-6~2 283×10^-6。模拟计算得出香山岩体母岩浆w(MgO)=10.70%,w(FeO)=10.66%,属于高镁玄武质岩浆。香山岩体橄榄石中Ni含量的最大值为2 283×10^-6,母岩浆中Ni含量为326×10^-6,是由原始地幔发生14%的部分熔融而成。香山岩体在橄榄石结晶过程中伴随硫化物熔离,隙间硅酸盐和硫化物对橄榄石作用明显,造成早期结晶橄榄石成分改变。     

Effect of Shale Reservoir Characteristics on Shale Oil Movability in the Lower Third Member of the Shahejie Formation,Zhanhua Sag

To reveal the effect of shale reservoir characteristics on the movability of shale oil and its action mechanism in the lower third member of the Shahejie Formation(Es3l), samples with different features were selected and analyzed using N2 adsorption, high-pressure mercury injection capillary pressure(MICP), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), high-speed centrifugation, and displacement image techniques. The results show that shale pore structure characteristics control shale oil movability directly. Movable oil saturation has a positive relationship with pore volume for radius > 2 μm, as larger pores often have higher movable oil saturation, indicating that movable oil is present in relatively larger pores. The main reasons for this are as follows. The relatively smaller pores often have oil-wetting properties because of organic matter, which has an unfavorable effect on the flow of oil, while the relatively larger pores are often wetted by water, which is helpful to shale oil movability. The rich surface provided by the relatively smaller pores is beneficial to the adsorption of immovable oil. Meanwhile, the relatively larger pores create significant pore volume for movable oil. Moreover, the larger pores often have good pore connectivity. Pores and fractures are interconnected to form a complex fracture network, which provides a good permeability channel for shale oil flow. The smaller pores are mostly distributed separately;thus, they are not conducive to the flow of shale oil. The mineral composition and fabric macroscopically affect the movability of shale oil. Calcite plays an active role in shale oil movability by increasing the brittleness of shale and is more likely to form micro-cracks under the same stress background. Clay does not utilize shale oil flow because of its large specific surface area and its block effect. The bedding structure increases the large-scale storage space and improves the connectivity of pores at different scales, which is conducive to the movability of shale oil.     

香花岭矿田地质特征与地球化学的关系

通过对香花岭矿田地质特征、地球化学资料的综合研究,总结了香花岭矿田地球化学特征及成矿模式,指明了找矿方向.     

甘肃省花牛山地区成矿有利地质单元波谱特征及成矿分析

正花牛山地区位处于北山成矿带,处在甘肃省西北部,在该区及周边区域分布有较多的铁、铜、镍、锰、金、磷、钒、铀等矿床或矿点,成矿地质条件较为优越。在该地区开展成矿有利地质单元波谱测试和成矿关系分析研究,对该区基础资料完善和高光谱遥感找矿应用具有重要意义。1地质概况花牛山地区跨及花牛山早古生代陆缘裂谷带和磁海—红柳园—白山堂晚古生代陆内裂谷带。地层出露新元古界—下古生界浅海相沉积变质岩系,     

不同产地绿松石无损检测及岩相结构特征研究

概述了绿松石的使用历史和产地来源。利用质子激发X射线荧光光谱（PIXE）、X射线衍射（XRD）及扫描电镜（SEM）技术对来自伊朗、湖北郧县和西藏等地的绿松石样品进行岩石矿物学特征分析，从成分组成方面探讨绿松石的呈色机理。结果显示，不同产地、不同质地绿松石的成分组成存在较大差别，但主成分含量基本一致；绿松石的颜色主要由其中CuO和Fe2O3的含量比值变化决定，比值由大至小，实现了绿松石颜色由天蓝色到绿色的转变。     

钻杆接头材料35CrMo硫氮复合处理层的干摩擦学性能研究

应用离子渗氮与离子渗硫技术,在钻杆接头材料35CrMo钢表面制备了硫氮复合处理层。采用M-200环块磨损试验机,对比研究了原始渗氮表面与硫氮复合表面在干摩擦条件下的抗磨损性能。结果表明,在干摩擦的条件下,由于摩擦副的接触表面缺乏润滑,硬度较高的渗氮层会加剧接触表面的磨损。而硫氮复合处理层由于在表面存在一层硫化亚铁固体润滑层,在磨损过程中可以起到一定的润滑作用,因此其在干摩擦条件下具备更好的抗磨损性能。     

Analysis on hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in strongly exploited area in Hutuo River Plain

The Hutuo River alluvial-proluvial fan is located in North China Plain, and groundwater is the main source of water supply for agriculture and domestic water. Shijiazhuang depression funnels due to the long-term excessive exploitation are the bottleneck of the regional economic development. Analyzing the chemical characteristics of groundwater under the condition of strong human activities, can provide a scientific basis for further study of strong groundwater mining area environmental change. 143 groups of shallow groundwater samples are collected during the period of 2007-2008. In this paper, the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in the Hutuo River Plain area are analyzed systematically, using hydrogeochemical theory, combined with statistical methods and hydrochemical methods. Results are shown as follows: HCO_3~- and Ca~(2+) are major anion and cation. The variation coefficients of K~+, Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+) and HCO_3~- between 0.25 and 0.52, which means small and stable relatively. The variation coefficient of are Na~+, NO_3~-, Cl-, SO2-4 were large(0.89-1.01). They are sensitive and vulnerable to environmental change affect. Due to the impact of human activities, from the top to the edge of the alluvial-proluvial fan, the hydrochemical types of groundwater change from single to multiple, followed by HCO_3~-Ca·Mg, HCO_3·SO_4-Ca·Mg, HCO_3·SO_4·Cl-Ca·Mg, HCO_3·Cl-Ca·Mg and other types.     

内蒙古阿力奔铅多金属矿床地质特征及矿床成因

阿力奔铅多金属矿床为一产于乌拉山群片麻岩之中的石英脉--蚀变岩型矿床,其矿化以铅为主,同时伴生有铜、锌、金和银等。矿化分为两个阶段,即早期的浸染--细脉浸染铜--铅--锌矿化及晚期的方铅矿--闪锌矿--石英脉型矿化。流体包裹体研究表明,早期阶段矿化石英中主要发育气液两相及富气相包裹体,均一温度分别为281. 6 ℃ ～ 357. 6 ℃及343. 5 ℃ ～ 351. 4 ℃,盐度分别为4. 18% ～ 9. 60% NaCl 及1. 05% ～ 1. 90%NaCl; 晚期阶段石英中主要发育气液两相流体包裹体,其均一温度为152. 6 ℃ ～ 335. 8 ℃,盐度为2. 74 % ～ 8. 55%NaCl。综合分析认为,成矿流体早期以岩浆热液为主,晚期有大量大气降水加入,矿床属中温岩浆热液成因类型。