“96·8”特大暴雨和中尺度系统发展结构的非静力数值模拟

1996年8月3～5日(“96     

贵州遵义-纳雍一带寒武系黑色岩系中钼镍矿层的沉积特征

遵义-纳雍一带的钼镍矿主要产于下寒武统牛蹄塘组的黑色页岩系中.通过对遵义金顶山新土沟钼镍矿剖面及纳雍水东钼矿区的系统研究,发现钼镍矿主要以碎屑状(竹叶状)、星散状、微层状分布,碎屑具有明显的定向排列,并具有波浪状展布的特点.靠近矿层中上部,碎屑粒径不断变小,以一些黄铁矿、黏土物质为主,呈黄褐色、土黄色的星散状、微层状分...     

矿集区大地电磁噪声处理方法及其应用

通过研究平移、线性插值拟合及基于经验模态分解( EMD)等去噪方法的原理,编写相应的人机联作与EMD分解去噪程序来处理实测大地电磁测深数据。发现:传统远参考方法在去除强能量干扰时能力有限,单纯的应用人机联作去噪也存在一定的不足,而在人机联作去噪的基础上再进行EMD分解去噪可以有效地压制噪声,从而提高矿集区大地电磁数据的信噪比。对比去噪处理前后的实测剖面反演结果,经过去噪处理的反演结果局部虚假异常得到有效的去除,为地质解释提供了更为准确的地球物理依据。     

基于模态逼近的EOF重构算法重建公元1250年以来北半球地表气温空间格局

随着气候场重建数据在揭示气候动力机制以及与数值模式模拟相结合等方面的应用, 它在气候变化研究领域中的实用性和重要性已得到广泛认可。因此, 关于空间格局重建方法的研究也就显得尤为重要。本文提出了一种新的气候场重建方法, 即模态逼近的经验正交函数分解方法。该方法利用代用资料与器测资料不同空间模态之间的协调性, 采用模态逐次逼近, 从而实现对过去无器测资料覆盖的气候场的重建。基于该方法, 本文利用549个树轮序列重建了北半球(22.5°N以北)公元1250年以来的地表气温空间场。为验证该方法的有效性, 设计了多组验证试验, 结果均表明该重建方法能够较好的再现器测数据的年代际尺度变率特征。最终重建结果表明, 与已有研究结果相比, 该方法重建出的北半球小冰期(1400~1700年)平均气候状态的空间格局特征与基于多组气候模式集合平均在该时段的模拟结果更为接近。另外, 为体现重建结果对外强迫的响应特征, 本文比较了在不同强度(强、中等、弱)典型火山年的空间格局差异, 发现高纬度地区对火山外强迫相比于中低纬地区更加敏感, 这与已有的基于数值模式模拟研究的结论基本一致。综合以上讨论, 证明了该方法在气候场重建方面的有效性和应用潜力。     

基于新闻大数据的北极地区地缘关系研究

随着全球气候变暖,北极地区海冰大面积消融,引发了严重环境问题,同时使得北极航道成为可能,北极地区的战略地位显著提升.作为近北极国家,北极地区国际关系变化对中国的北极政策有直接影响.全面实时地分析北极地区地缘关系及其变化特征,对中国制定北极地区的政治、经济、外交政策具有重要指导作用.海量全球实时开放数据库的出现以及大数据...     

基于国际经验的西部经济发展与生态建设互动途径研究

本文在分析巴西、印度等发展中国家和美国、德国等发达国家经济发展和生态环境建设经验的基础上,针对我国西部农村贫困和产业落后等影响经济、生态的制约因素,提出了西部经济发展与生态建设互动的一些有效途径,以期对最终实现西部经济发展与生态建设的双赢有所启示。     

兵棋地图概念模型研究

兵棋地图是对战场环境各要素及其对作战行动影响规律的客观描述,构建兵棋地图概念模型能够促使军事人员和技术人员建立对同一问题的统一认知。首先,分析了军事概念模型的基本概念及其形式化描述方法;其次,提出了战场环境仿真概念模型,据此构建了兵棋地图概念模型,并对概念模型中的两类元素和三种交互关系进行了讨论;最后,利用UML对兵棋地图概念模型进行了形式化描述。     

Study on the Relationship between Large Volcanic Eruptions and Temperature Variation Based on Tree-Ring Data in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau during the Past Millennium

Volcanic eruptions can significantly cool the global troposphere on the time scales from several months up to a decade due to reflection of solar radiation by sulfate aerosols and feedback mechanisms in the climate system. The impact of volcanic eruptions on global climate are discussed in many studies. However, few studies have been done on the impact of volcanic eruption on climate change in China in the past millennium. The 1300-year and 600-year temperature series were reconstructed based on the six tree-ring temperature proxy data in northeastern and southeastern Tibetan Plateau, respectively. Three warm periods occurred in 670-920,1000-1310 and 1590-1930, and three cold periods happened at 920-1000,1310-1590 and 1930-2000 in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. There were two obviously warm periods (1385-1450 and 1570-1820) and two cold periods (1450-1570 and 1820-2000) in southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Contrasting with volcanic eruption chronology, we analyzed the relationship between volcanic activity and temperature variation in the eastern Tibetan plateau during the past millennium using Superposed Epoch Analysis (SEA) method. The results indicated that the temperature decreased one year after large volcanic eruptions located beteen 10°S and 10°N in latitude in northeastern Tibetan Plateau and two years in southeastern Tibetan Plateau. The volcanic eruptions occurred at different latitudes have different impacts on the temperature variations, which may be caused by regional difference, the nature of the eruption, the magnitude of the resulting change in incoming solar radiation, prevailing background climate and internal variability, season, latitude, and other considerations.     

Interactive discovery of sequential patterns in time series of wind data

Wind speed and direction vary over space and time due to the interactions between different pressures and temperature gradients within the atmospheric layers. Near the earth’s surface, these interactions are modulated by topography and artificial structures. Hence, characterizing wind behaviour over large areas and long periods is a complex but essential task for various energy-related applications. In this study, we present a novel approach to discover wind patterns by integrating sequential pattern mining and interactive visualization techniques. The approach relies on the use of the Linear time Closed pattern Miner sequence algorithm in conjunction with a time sliding window that allows the discovery of all sequential patterns present in the data. These patterns are then visualized using integrated 2D and 3D coordinated multiple views and visually explored to gain insight into the characteristics of the wind from a spatial, temporal and attribute (type of wind pattern) point of view. This proposed approach is used to analyse 10 years of hourly wind speed and direction data for 29 weather stations in the Netherlands. The results show that there are 15 main sequential patterns in the data. The spatial task shows that weather stations located in the same region do not necessarily experience similar wind pattern. For within the selected time interval, similar wind patterns can be observed in different stations and in the same station at different times of occurrence. The attribute task discovered that the repetitive occurrences of chosen pattern indicate as regular wind behaviour at different weather stations that persisted continuously over time. The results of these tasks show that the proposed interactive discovery facilitates the understanding of wind dynamics in space and time.