伊春市城镇体系的演变及对策--一个"边缘化"地区的实例

伊春市位于黑龙江省北部边陲，小兴安岭腹地，社会经济和城镇系统是伴随小兴安岭森林资源的大规模开发而形成的，在1990年代的区域发展中，与主流和核心地区相比，在先进生产力和生态方式发展方面的差距在拉大，表现出日益“边缘化”的特征，此间，市域城镇体系特征发生了一系列变化，主要特征表现为作为支撑各城镇发展的新的基本经济部门成长缓慢，各城镇的成长已经走向分化，而且这中分化在市域内部印证了“边缘化”现象的存在，作为地广人稀，生态条件优越的地区，伊春也存在摆脱边缘化趋势的机遇。     

四川省酉阳土家族苗族自治县经济综合开发的新设想

地处武陵山区的酉阳土家族苗族自治县,是国家重点扶贫县之一。要在“八五”期间稳定群众温饱、迅速脱贫致富,必须坚持山区经济的综合开发,即系列开发抓支柱、科学开发抓普及,规模开发抓集约、立体开发抓庭院。     

Limited Downstream Response of Stream Channel Size to Urbanization in a Humid Tropical Basin*

Stream channel changes are often assumed to propagate downstream of the disturbed or urbanized reach, especially where the main controlling variables of discharge and sediment load vary regularly in the downstream direction. A survey of bankfull cross-sectional sizes at 10 stations along a tropical stream shows that downstream propagation of the disturbance may not always occur. Serial regression analysis suggests that a reduction in channel size induced by urbanization did not extend beyond the urbanized reach. Furthermore, local channel change did not alter the downstream log linear trend between channel size and basin area. Apparently, the storage of floodwaters and sediments on floodplains reduced the downstream effects of urbanization.     

整体大地测量的虚拟点质量模型

本文根据局部重力场逼近的虚拟质点方法,导出整体大地测量的虚拟点质量模型,给出了地面大地测量及GPS水准观测在这一模型下的观测方程,并讨论了有关问题。     

集成式专家系统工具GEST

集成式专家系统工具是目前世界上正在广泛研究的一个热门课题。GEST是基于微机的集成式专家系统工具。它以开放的思想、协同的方式,将知识推理、数据库管理、图形处理、色彩控制及汉字排版等功能集于一身,是开发面向复杂图形和繁杂数据处理专家系统的有效工具。本文详细介绍了GEST的系统结构、关键技术、工具特点以及应用情况。     

Proposing a trend-based time-varying approach to assess climate- and human-induced impacts on streamflow

ABSTRACT

The conventional abrupt change-based assessments of climate- and human-induced impacts on streamflow require the existence of change point(s) and stationarity assumption. However, hydrological conditions may not change abruptly at a certain time, but rather evolve gradually over a period. We propose a trend-based time-varying approach that does not require these prerequisites to assess the climate- and human-induced impacts on hydrological conditions in the Pearl River Basin (PRB), China, which can be applied in other basins. The trend-based time-varying approach detects human activities exert a significant seasonal regulation on streamflow (i.e. 113% of the decreases in the wet season and 93% of the increases in the dry season) and 101% of the reductions in flood peaks in the East River Basin, the sub-basin with the highest ratio of total reservoir storage capacity to river discharge in the PRB. Climate change contributes to 77% of the increases in flood peaks in the West River Basin, a large sub-basin with lower flood control levels.     

基于三维可视化的含油气盆地地质信息系统研究

含油气盆地地质调查勘探成果数据具有空间分布和多源异构的特点,为了提供管理、查询、分析的一体化平台,结合地质研究的数据类型特点,设计了基于三维可视化基础平台开发的含油气盆地地质信息系统。系统采用Oracle做为后台数据库,以C/S结构,运用.NET框架进行二次开发,实现了空间数据、属性数据、非结构化数据的全方位管理,实现了全空间三维综合展示,并提供信息获取和分析应用功能。该系统可以为专业技术人员提供更直观、便捷的信息平台和分析操作环境,也可以帮助不同业务部门协同作业,为合理部署和科学预测提供有效支撑。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

青藏铁路多年冻土勘察的物探方法选择及其应用效果

在青藏铁路的建设过程中,多年冻土是一个关键问题,开展物探工作时,会遇到较非冻结区更为复杂和多变的勘测对象,因此,选择合理的工作方法就显得尤为重要.作者论述了目前开展的各种物探方法的优劣,给出了利用综合物探方法勘察青藏铁路多年冻土的结果.实践证明,开展综合物探是勘探多年冻土的一种行之有效的方法.     

综合勘探技术在柴达木盆地西部地区的应用

柴达木盆地西部应用重磁电等综合勘探技术取得了比较好的效果.区域勘探确定了盆地基底南北分区特征,它对盆地的断裂展布、构造发育具有严格的控制作用.目标勘探圈定了油砂山深层构造,并在油气远景区发现了一批新构造.