Diurnal Variations of Atmospheric Hydrogen Peroxide Concentrations in Saxony (Germany)

During a 3-year study, gaseous hydrogenperoxide (H₂O₂) concentrations were measuredas part of the SANA project at the Melpitz FieldResearch Station and in the city of Leipzig. Typicaldaily mean H₂O₂ mixing ratios on sunny dayswere 0.15 to 0.25 ppbv with maximum values of 0.3 to0.5 ppbv at Melpitz, and 0.3 to 0.6 ppbv with maximumvalues of 0.4 to 1.0 ppbv in Leipzig. Over the entireperiod of the project the maximum hourly mean valueswere 2.1 ppbv and 5.3 ppbv in Melpitz and Leipzig,respectively. The data were not complete enough to show a trend.Linear regression analysis shows, that ozone(O₃), temperature and solar radiation arepositively correlated with H₂O₂, whereasnitrogen oxides (NO_x), carbon monoxide (CO) andrelative humidity are negatively correlated. Negativecorrelation between H₂O₂ and CO is caused byjoint occurrence of CO with NO_x in exhaust gases.Negative correlation between H₂O₂ andrelative humidity is not necessarily in contradictionto the accelerating effect of water vapour onH₂O₂ formation. The strong positivecorrelation of H₂O₂ with the dew pointdifference however seems to better reflect theinfluence of water vapour. Multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) of thecomponents measured, indicates the great influence of CO on the formation of H₂O₂ in the gasphase.     

基于数字化集中控制的气象视频会议系统

视频会议系统在气象行业应用较广,近年来随着多点(会议室)会议需求增加,设备复杂度提高,原有分立、单独管理模式对人员造成较大的压力。以湖北省气象局所建的数字化视频会议系统为例,在需求分析基础上,结合气象部门的信息网络条件,提出了基于数字化集中控制的视频会议系统建设方案。通过集中配备主要设备,对综合信号进行远程采集、分配,以数字化中控系统进行网络集中控制管理的方式,实现了召开多会议室、多会议模式的视频会议功能。业务应用情况表明,该方案既保证了视频会议效果和会场分布规模,又提高了管理效率,对同类系统的构建具有较好的参考价值。     

复膜沙袋阻沙体与芦苇高立式方格沙障防沙机理风洞模拟实验

模型按1:10比例尺设计,在u_∞=7.0 m·s^-1、u_∞=10.0 m·s^-1和u_∞=15.0 m·s^-1实验风速下,先在纯气流作用下测定流场结构,然后在风沙流作用下测定蚀积状况。实验结果表明:紧密型、疏透型和通风型3种不同结构的复膜沙袋阻沙体前近处分布有拐角阻滞绕流区、阻沙体顶下方抬升加速区、阻沙体后回流区、阻沙体后贴地层低速回流区等流场特征结构,紧密型、疏透型两种类型复膜沙袋阻沙体防风阻沙效果显著;2.5 m×2.5 m、5 m×5 m和10 m×10 m的高立式芦苇方格前沿流速逐渐增大,最大值出现于迎风第一格上空,而后逐渐阻滞减速,至15~20 m处趋于稳定,区内积沙均匀。复膜沙袋阻沙体与原状芦苇高立式方格沙障适宜于流动性沙漠地区各种设施的沙害防治工程。     

川藏铁路雅安至林芝段重大工程水文地质问题

川藏铁路位于大陆碰撞造山带,特殊的地质构造背景下,铁路沿线水文地质条件极为复杂,严重制约着川藏铁路规划建设和安全运营。为降低川藏铁路沿线重大工程水文地质灾害风险,从工程水文地质角度出发,结合基础地质和工程地质研究成果,阐述了川藏铁路雅安至林芝段重大工程水文地质问题,并提出下一步研究建议。研究结果表明：川藏铁路雅安至林芝段可能遭遇隧道高水压及涌突水问题、隧道高温热害问题、隧道排水影响生态环境3个重大工程水文地质问题;沿线发育多条区域性断裂带,控制着地层展布、水热活动和成矿带分布以及地下水循环演化,导致穿越断裂带的深埋长大隧道高压涌突水、高温热害及高矿化水等问题较为突出。沿线重大工程水文地质问题下一步研究工作主要为：开展高精度、多尺度的水文地质调查,把握重大问题的发育规律和致灾机制,构建精细的预测评价体系和主、被动相结合的灾害防控体系。     

南堡1号构造馆三段断盖配置油气渗漏部位及其控藏作用

为了研究南堡凹陷南堡1号馆三段火山岩盖层上下油气分布规律,在馆三段火山岩盖层及其内油气渗漏断裂发育及分布特征研究的基础上,通过对馆三段火山岩盖层断接厚度与其封油气所需最小断接厚度相对大小的比较和对油气渗漏断裂凸面脊的确定,预测了南堡1号构造馆三段断盖配置油气渗漏部位;并结合油气分布,对断盖配置油气渗漏部位对油气成藏与分布的控制作用进行了研究。结果表明,南堡1号构造馆三段断盖配置发育10处油气渗漏部位,其中：F₂及分支断裂油气渗漏部位最发育,有3处油气渗漏部位;其次是F₁、F₆断裂,有2处油气渗漏部位;F₃、F₄、F₅和F₇断裂仅各发育1处油气渗漏部位。这些油气渗漏部位及附近有利于下伏东一段油气在上覆馆三段之上聚集成藏,应是造成南堡1-1断鼻、南堡1-3断块和南堡1-5断鼻北部油区油气既可以分布在下伏东一段又可分布在馆三段之上,而南堡1-5断鼻南部油气仅分布在下伏东一段的根本原因。     

不整合结构对地层油气藏形成的控制作用研究

不整合不仅仅是一个“面”,更是一个“体”,其本身具有较独特的微观组构,即具有“空间结构”属性.通过大量的岩心观察、野外踏勘及测井资料对比解释,纵向上提出不整合结构体的概念,并将其划分为三层结构:结构体上层、结构体中层及结构体下层,其中结构体上层与下层构成储集体,结构体中层形成封盖层,且封盖强度随埋深加大而增加.地层油气...     

新疆第四纪盐类矿产的形成和控制因素——兼论“高山深盆”成盐模式

根据袁见齐教授“高山深盆”成盐模式,探讨新疆天山对第四纪盐类矿床的形成和控制作用,阐述了天山地貌、气候、水文特征与盐类矿产的分布规律和特征。认为“高山深盆”并非一定是四周环山的深盆,可以是某一高山与其间深盆或两侧盆地的有机组合。高山的屏障作用造成了垂直的气候分带,在潮湿多雨的山区利于成盐组份的析出并迁移到干旱少雨的闭流深盆中,形成盐类矿床。     

川东北宣汉-达县地区长兴组-飞仙关组礁滩储层特征及其控制因素

川东北宣汉-达县地区是我国重要的气藏发育区块。为了深入探索储层特征、物性与岩石类型,成岩作用的相关性,运用薄片鉴定、扫描电镜等技术手段,结合物性测试数据,测井资料和压汞数据,对储层的岩石类型,孔隙类型,孔隙结构、物性特征以及储层展布进行分析。研究表明,川东北宣汉-达县地区优质储层为生物礁白云岩及鲕粒白云岩,经历过重结晶及多期溶蚀,粒间溶孔最为发育。长兴组储层孔隙度平均值为5．4％。渗透率平均值为93．41×10^-3μm^2;飞仙关组储层平均孔隙度为8％,平均渗透率为132,76×10^-3μm^2,孔喉结构良好。沉积相控制储层的岩石类型和展布,成岩作用尤其是溶蚀作用控制着储层的物性,而构造作用对储层的形成则有双重影响。     

A Quantitative Evaluation of Shale Gas Content in Different Occurrence States of the Longmaxi Formation: A New Insight from Well JY-A in the Fuling Shale Gas Field,Sichuan Basin

Comprehensive quantitative evaluation of shale gas content and the controlling factors in different occurrence states is of great significance for accurately assessing gas-bearing capacity and providing effective well-production strategies. A total of 122 core samples from well JY-A in the Fuling shale gas field were studied to reveal the characteristics of S_1 l shale,15 of which were selected to further predict the shale gas content in different occurrence states, which are dependent on geological factors in the thermal evolution process. Geological parameters were researched by a number of laboratory programs, and the factors influential in controlling shale gas content were extracted by both PCA and GRA methods and prediction models were confirmed by the BE method using SPSS software. Results reveal that the adsorbed gas content is mainly controlled by TOC, Ro, SSA, PD and pyrite content, and the free gas content is mainly controlled by S_2, quartz content, gas saturation and formation pressure for S_1 l in well JY-A. Three methods, including the on-site gas desorption method, the empirical formula method, and the multiple regression analysis method were used in combination to evaluate the shale gas capacity of well JY-A, all of which show that the overall shale gas content of well JY-A is in the range of 2.0–5.0 m~3/t and that the free gas ratio is about 50%, lower than that of well JY-1. Cause analysis further confirms the tectonics and preservation conditions of S_1 l in the geological processes, especially the influence of eastern boundary faults on well JY-A, as the fundamental reasons for the differences in shale gas enrichment in the Jiaoshiba area.     

黄河口凹陷莱北斜坡带玄武岩发育区砂岩成岩特征、孔隙流体及储层控制因素

为探究黄河口凹陷研究区玄武岩喷发对相关砂岩储层成岩作用的影响,从粘土矿物、沸石及微量元素分析入手,明确莱北斜坡带古近系不同层位孔隙流体性质变化,建立火成岩发育区砂岩储层的成岩-孔隙演化模式：沙一段和沙二段沉积时期,受小规模玄武岩喷发与干旱-半干旱气候条件下碱性水介质影响,砂岩中钠长石化和碳酸盐岩胶结普遍,碎屑颗粒表面发育白云石膜,见石英溶蚀现象;东三段三角洲砂岩储层受沙一段暗色泥岩中析出的卤水及陆源淡水输入影响,叠加后期富铁镁质孔隙水混合影响,成岩作用以弱碱性水介质条件下沸石溶解、粘土矿物转化与钠长石化为主;东一段和东二段沉积时期玄武岩广泛发育,不稳定富铁镁矿物的强烈水解,导致孔隙流体富含铁镁质,以低硅沸石的沉淀与溶蚀为特色。与玄武岩喷发相关的局部沸石沉淀与溶解以及玄武岩喷发形成的“工字型”构架对东营组砂岩孔隙的保存有利;而沙一段和沙二段沉积时期碱性水介质下形成的栉壳状白云石抑制了石英的次生加大,碱性水介质下的石英溶蚀现象普遍,有利于其砂岩孔隙的保存。