Ship board testing of a deoxygenation ballast water treatment

A ship board trial of a deoxygenation method for treating ballast water was carried out during a voyage from Southampton (United Kingdom) to Manzanillo (Panama). A nutrient solution added to two ballast tanks encouraged bacterial growth, resulting in a gradual change to an anoxic environment. Samples were taken from two treated tanks and two untreated tanks to assess changes in the abundance and viability of zooplankton, phytoplankton and bacteria. The work was carried out before the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard was agreed so only a broad indication of whether the results achieved the standard was given. For the zooplankton, the standard would have been achieved within 5 or 7 days but the phytoplankton results were inconclusive. The biological efficacy was the result of the combination of several factors, including the treatment, pump damage and an increase in the water temperature during the voyage.     

Interactions between subgrid‐scale resolution,feature representation and grid‐scale resolution in flood inundation modelling

Numerical modelling of flood inundation over large and complex floodplains often requires mesh resolutions coarser than the structural features (e.g. buildings) that are known to influence the inundation process. Recent research has shown that this mismatch is not well represented by conventional roughness treatments, but that finer‐scale features can be represented through porosity‐based subgrid‐scale treatments. This paper develops this work by testing the interactions between feature representation, subgrid‐scale resolution and mesh resolution. It uses as the basis for this testing a 2D diffusion‐based flood inundation model which is applied to a 2004 flood event in a topologically complex upland floodplain in northern England. This study formulated simulations with different grid mesh resolution and subgrid mesh ratio. The sensitivity of the model to mesh resolution and roughness specification was investigated. Model validation and verification suggest that the subgrid treatment with higher subgrid mesh ratio can give much improved predictions of flood propagation, in particular, in terms of the predicted water depth. This study also highlighted the limitation of using at‐a‐point in time inundation extent for validation of flood models of this type. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于吸收峰加权的岩矿光谱匹配方法研究

基于高光谱图像的矿物识别主要依赖于矿物的特征光谱曲线,但由于矿物普遍存在的同质多象和类质同象的现象,常常造成矿物识别误差.在矿物的光谱曲线描述中,吸收位置是一个非常重要的特征,它较好地反映了矿物的单个诊断性特征.文章在利用完全波形特征的基础上,加强了单个诊断性特征,提出了一种基于吸收峰加权的预处理技术.利用该技术并结合...     

东太湖堤线调整工程黏性吹填土特征

东太湖堤线调整大堤由黏性土水力吹填形成,填土中含大量鹅卵状土块.本文通过野外勘察、室内试验等方法初步研究分析黏性吹填土形成机理、内部结构特点、力学特性等.研究结果表明:吹填土体性质不均匀,鹅卵状土块土性较好,而重塑淤泥质黏土土性极差.黏性吹填土的渗透系数很小,固结所需时间长.其室内土工试验参数与现场实际不符,其原因是现...     

某隧道洞口山体滑坡分析及综合治理

为达到该滑坡的综合治理,对其进行详细工程地质勘察、滑坡成因研究和稳定性分析.在此基础上综合考虑当地建材来源和施工便利,通过治理方案比选,提出抗滑挡墙和抗滑桩相结合的治理方案.     

组合地基处理法在湿陷性黄土地区的应用

地基湿陷性是黄土地区影响地基稳定性的因素之一,也是引起建筑物破坏的主要形式。结合西安一些高层建筑物采用组合地基处理法取得的技术效果进行了详尽的分析介绍。论证了组合地基处理法在湿陷性黄土地基处理中的应用,可消除部分或全部湿陷性,从而改善地基的承载力,减小地基变形。     

渝湘高速公路正阳隧道塌方治理方案研究

塌方一直是我国隧道建设领域研究的热点问题。从施工过程中冒顶塌方形成经过、产生塌方原因入手,对渝湘高速公路正阳隧道一次塌方事故提出治理方案,认为岩隙渗水作用于覆盖层较薄、渗透性强的松散破碎地段使隧道上方岩土体的自稳能力恶化;通过坍口设置截水沟及多种形式注浆技术,及时加固坍塌体,封堵岩隙渗水。方案效果良好,具有一定借鉴意义。     

煤矿矿井水净化处理与回灌治理技术

煤矿在开采煤炭的同时,会有大量的矿井污水排到地面,造成环境污染。为解决矿井水排放的污染问题,施工大口径回灌井和建造地面水净化处理厂,矿井水经处理后部分用于煤矿生产,多余部分通过回灌井注入地下,实现水资源循环利用和节能减排。通过梧桐庄矿工程实例,介绍了煤矿矿井水净化处理与回灌治理技术。     

荆山矿区深孔多段漏失破碎地层的综合治

根据福建三明荆山矿区ZK1402孔深孔钻探实践,总结在多段漏水破碎地层钻进中,采用多种堵漏措施和优质泥浆护壁的方法解决钻遇技术难题的经验。