AGCM中云的不均匀性作用的初步研究

利用ISCCP的云不均匀性资料,探讨了云不均匀性在AGCM中的作用,分别考查了不均匀云光学厚度的贡献、单次散射反照率和不对称因子的贡献,以及3个因子的总贡献.研究表明,考虑云不均匀性效应后,AGCM模拟的气候场有着较为明显的变化.由于不均匀云光学厚度对短波辐射场的贡献与不均匀云单次散射反照率和不对称因子这两个因子对短波辐射场的作用基本上是相反的,从而造成同时考虑3个因子作用时,云的不均匀性效应对辐射场的直接作用很小,但可通过云水场的改变来间接影响辐射场.研究清楚地显示了云-辐射相互作用的复杂性,云的全面正确处理对模式模拟能力的提高非常重要.       

A review of: “The earth's magnetic field”

Abstract

By Ronald T. Merrill and Michael W. McElhinny. Academic Press, 420 pp. Paperback: $30.00/£17.50 (UK only) ISBN: 0 12 491242 7 Hardback $67.50/$39.50 (UK only) ISBN: 0 12 491240 0 1983.     

三峡库区气压资料的不均一性检验及订正

利用RHtestV2软件包,对三峡库区逐月气压气候序列进行了均一性检验并做了初步订正。发现RHtestV2软件包对大部分台站都能基本检验出与元数据资料中给出的迁站信息基本一致或接近的不均一或突变出现的时间,同时,也能合理地订正逐月气压气候序列,这有利于进行气候变化研究以及分析水库蓄水后的局地气候效应。对有平行观测资料的秭归站,对用差值法和用RHtestV2软件包订正的气压序列做了对比,可以看出两种方法订正后的结果比较接近,都能合理地对气压气候序列进行订正。     

An analytic element approach for modeling polygonal inhomogeneities in multi-aquifer systems

An analytic element approach is presented for the modeling of steady groundwater flow through multi-aquifer systems with piecewise constant aquifer and leaky layer properties. Different properties may be specified for domains bounded by closed polygons, referred to as polygonal inhomogeneities. The boundary of these inhomogeneities is modeled with two types of high-order line elements. First, a string of single-aquifer line-doublets is used; these elements cut through all aquifers and are valid both inside and outside the inhomogeneity. Second, two strings of multi-aquifer line-sinks are used, one string that is valid inside the inhomogeneity and one string that is valid outside; the comprehensive extraction of these line-sinks is zero at any point along the string. The proposed approach results in a comprehensive flow field of which the component normal to the boundary of the inhomogeneity is continuous across the boundary at any point. Within each individual aquifer, continuity of head and the component of flow normal to the boundary are met approximately across the boundary; the accuracy increases when the order of the line elements is increased and/or when shorter line elements are used. The proposed analytic element approach produces results that are virtually identical to the exact solution for a cylindrical inhomogeneity, and a high-resolution MODFLOW2000 model of two rectangular inhomogeneities with a shared boundary. The practical application of the approach is demonstrated through the solution of a problem with an irregularly shaped inhomogeneity with rivers crossing the inhomogeneity boundary.     

2001年1月15日姚安6.5级地震震源基本参数探讨

基于云南地区三维速度图象和地震测剖面等成果，在定量修正地壳介质横向不均匀性的基础上，计算了2001年1月15日姚安5.9、6.5级地震的震源基本参数；并探讨了造成震源基本参数，尤其震源深度差别的主要原因。