Characteristic analysis on oxygen isotopic tracer in the East China Sea and waters to east of the Ryūkyū-guntō

Samples of O isotopic tracer were mlleMed at Sections P₃,P₂₅,P_cM-t/2-E and P_CM-1/2.w in both the Fast China Sea and the area to the east of the Ryūkyū-gunto during October-November,1991.Analytical results of the δ¹⁸O are as follows: (1) In the Kuroshio area,the δ¹⁸O isolines are almost parallel to the 200 m isobath.The value of δ¹⁸O is negative and reaches minimum mt the main axis of the Kuroshio,and increases on both sides.(2) In the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) area there is a high δ¹⁸O tongue extending to the northeast.(3) In the area near the coast,the distribution of δ¹⁸O isoline shows that the Changjiang River runoff diffuses seaward and the land-ocean isotopic effect from the nearshore to the offshore.(4) The values of δ¹⁸O are from -1.0×10^-3 to -0.5×10^-3 in the shelf.(5) There is a low mre of δ¹⁸O value(<-1.6×10^-3) at the 600 m layer in the Kuroshio area,which is quite in accord with the existence of a low salinity mre (S G 34.30) between the 600 and 800 m layers in the same area.Finally,the mrrelations of the δ¹⁸O with the salinity and temperature,the upwelling and so on are discussed.     

海洋废弃钻井液处理技术研究

针对滨海-6井废弃钻井液的特点,提出了破胶-固液分离-固化的思想。通过实验优化破胶剂、絮凝剂、固化剂配方。实验结果表明：100mL废弃钻井液破胶剂加量为2g,絮凝剂为2gAS＋2．5％HPAM溶液（质量分数0．1％）,固液分层现象明显、出水水质透明。固化剂的加量为1．5％CJ-1、27．7％水泥、7．7％CJ-2,6．2％CJ-3。固化强度和浸出液试验表明：固化体在养护15天后平均强度3．0MPa,浸出液指标达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》二级标准。     

常Q滞弹性介质地震波动数值模拟——时域本构优化逼近

在地震波动模拟中计入常Q滞弹性阻尼,可有效降低模拟波形的误差.就时域有限差分和有限元模拟而言,常基于广义标准线性体建立阻尼介质的时域本构逼近.广义标准线性体由若干标准线性体并联得到,增加标准线性体个数能有效提高模拟精度,但计算量及计算存储将成倍增长.目前尚未有普适的标准线性体个数优化取值方案.本文基于广义标准线性体参数的非线性优化拟合方法,详细分析了时域本构逼近误差的影响因素,清楚揭示了逼近误差仅取决于频带宽度,与频带上下限取值无关这一特性,阐明了构建具有普适性标准线性体个数优化取值方案的可行性.论证了波形模拟精度主要取决于波传播距离与模拟波长的比值以及标准线性体的个数取值.综合考虑上述两个控制因素,结合在波动正反演问题中广为采纳的波形时频误差衡量准则,对不同Q值介质给出了标准线性体个数优化取值表.进一步,本文提出采用不同个数标准线性体以近似不同Q值的阻尼介质时域本构,解决了以往波动数值模拟中统一采用相同个数标准线性体而导致的计算量及计算存储浪费或模拟精度低下等问题,并基于数值实验验证了这一方法的精度.本文工作对推进滞弹性介质波动数值模拟及其在全波形反演问题中的应用具有理论价值和实践意义.

     

张家界地貌风光及其产业导向

用遥感技术对张家界地貌进行了研究,分析了张家界地貌的产业导向和开发效益,提出了进一步发展的举措。     

四川盆地东北部气田海相碳酸盐岩储层固体沥青研究

川东北地区海相碳酸盐岩生物礁滩相储层中普遍存在着固体沥青.本文以普光气田上二叠统长兴组和下三叠统飞仙关组储层中固体沥青为研究对象,在显微镜下观察固体沥青的产状特征,测定固体沥青含量和计算固体沥青与储层孔隙的体积比率,分析固体沥青的成因及形成期次,推算古油藏的密度.普光气田飞仙关组固体沥青主要呈环边状附于鲕粒白云岩、残余鲕粒白云岩晶间溶孔,溶蚀孔壁,沥青含量在1.11%～5.73%之间,均值2.92%;长兴组生物礁储层固体沥青多呈团块状充填于各种溶蚀孔洞中,沥青含量0.31%～11.72%之间,均值3.57%.两套储层中的固体沥青含量都有随埋深而减少的趋势.飞仙关组储层中固体沥青与储层孔隙的体积比约为22%,长兴组为43%～56%.普光气田储层固体沥青为热演化成因并为两期形成,飞仙关储层固体沥青为轻质油古油藏裂解形成,长兴组储层固体沥青为稠油古油藏裂解形成.     

城市居住-就业空间特征及组织模式——以广州市为例

作为城市居民生活与生产的两大载体,城市居住与就业用地及其空间组织对城市发展及空间格局起着重要的作用。随着中国城市社会经济和城市规划建设的发展,大城市居住-就业的空间格局发展巨大的变化。本文以广州为案例,分析了广州市居住-就业空间均衡性、宏观空间组织模式和不同片区的居住-就业中微观空间组织模式等,并从历史因素、政府因素、市场因素和社会因素等角度揭示了广州"自上而下"和"自下而上"两种力量共同作用下,居住-就业空间格局的演化过程和规律。论文倡导多元化的土地开发模式,提倡从居住与就业空间协调的角度调节交通需求的空间分布,进而优化城市空间结构,达到提高城市运作效率的目的,并试图在研究视角上为国内其他城市的同类研究提供借鉴。     

Moon-based Earth observation: scientific concept and potential applications

Although Earth’s surface parameters obtained from satellite data have become more and more precise, it is still difficult to guarantee temporal consistency and spatial continuity for large-scale geoscience phenomena. Developing new Earth observation platforms is a feasible way to improve the consistency and continuity of such data. As the planet’s only natural satellite, the Moon has special advantages as a platform for observing Earth, including long lifetime, whole disk view, tectonic stability and unique perspective. After presenting the observation geometry constructed by using the ephemeris, this paper mainly discusses the characteristics of a lunar platform and the proper Moon-based sensors, as well as the scientific objectives of Moon-based Earth observation. Solid Earth dynamics, the energy budget of Earth, Earth’s environmental elements and the Earth-space environment are four potential applications analysed in this paper.     

中国地区制造业竞争力的时间变化和空间分异解析

地区制造业竞争力是地区制造业在区域之间的市场竞争中表现出来的综合实力、所提供的有效产品或服务的能力及其未来的发展潜力大小。利用构建的地区制造业竞争力评价模型,以省区为基本单元,分析了近20年来中国地区制造业竞争力的时间变化特征和空间分布格局,并对这种变化和差异的动因给与解析。研究表明,从1985年到2003年的近20年来,中国地区制造业竞争力呈现出一定的时空演化规律:①随着改革开放进程的加速和地区经济实力的提高,地区制造业的综合竞争能力普遍抬升;②中国地区制造业竞争力的地域差异明显,由东部沿海向中、西部内陆逐渐递减,且差距随时间的推移呈扩大趋势;③地区制造业竞争力与其驱动因素关系密切。驱动因素的时空分布格局决定了地区制造业竞争力的时间过程与空间格局演变趋向。     

Polymetallic Mineralization at the Suttsu Vein-type Deposit, Southwestern Hokkaido, Japan

Abstract. The Suttsu polymetallic vein-type deposit, hosted by tuff, tuff breccia and shale of the Miocene Kunnui Formation and propylitized hornblende-augite andesite, is located in southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. It has been exploited and explored for Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag until 1962.
In this study, we examined K-Ar ages, ore mineralogical characteristics and fluid inclusions to obtain new data for the deposit.
The K-Ar ages on sericite indicate that the polymetallic mineralization occurred in Late Miocene (8.1–5.7 Ma). The polymetallic banded ore from the Ohkubo vein is characterized by an abundance of Au, Ag, Sn, Bi, in, Se and Te. These metals are mainly ascribed to electrum (30.3–37.8 atom% Ag), Se-bearing pavonite (8.5–9.5 wt% Se), gustavite-lillianite solid solution, Se-bearing bismuthinite (5.0–5.3 wt% Se), kawazulite, cassiterite, Sn-bearing chalcopyrite (3.3–4.2 wt% Sn), In-bearing stannite, stannite-chalcopyrite solid solution, and In- and Sn-bearing sphalerite (2.6–8.4 wt% In and 1.8–4.3 wt% Sn), occurring in narrow bands of the ore. The In- and Sn-bearing sphalerite likely forms a sphalerite-roquesite-stannite solid solution with the contents of roquesite and stannite being about 2–9 and 2-A mole%, respectively. Temperatures and salinities (in wt% NaCl equiv.) of the ore fluids are estimated to be 180-250C and 3–4 wt%, respectively. The Sn-bearing chalcopyrite therefore probably precipitated metastably. The geologic and mineralogical features suggest that pre-Tertiary basement rocks rich in organic material underlie the Miocene Kunnui Formation nearby the deposit and that they contributed to local and temporary reduction of magnetite-series magmas favorable for the early stage tin-polymetallic mineralization.