福建安溪南坑矿区铅锌矿床地质特征及成因探讨

安溪南坑矿区铅锌矿已圈定4个矿体和1个矿化体,受断裂构造控制,呈北东向脉状产于石英斑岩脉外侧的下元古界麻源群变质岩中。近矿围岩蚀变有碳酸盐化、硅化、黄铁矿化,属热液交代-充填型矿床。     

黑龙江三道湾子金矿床地质特征及成因探讨

三道湾子金矿位于大兴安岭燕山期成矿带东南部,为石英脉型金矿床。通过对矿床地质特征、矿物特征、成矿期次、稳定同位素组成和流体包裹体研究表明,金以碲化物为主;黄铁矿δ34S值为-1.1‰～1.7‰,显示硫具地幔来源的特点;石英δ18O水值为-15.3‰～-9.9‰,δDV-SMOW值为-110‰～-85‰,说明成矿流体主要为大气降水;流体包裹体均一温度均值为181～267℃;盐度为15.6%～16.9%,成矿压力平均为4Mpa,估算成矿深度为0.4km,表明三道湾子金矿为浅成中-低温热液型矿床。     

甘肃大水金矿床成矿流体特征与来源

产于西秦岭南缘的大水金矿是一个新型金矿床。作者在前人研究的基础上,通过对大水金矿床流体包裹体的较系统研究认为,大水金矿床的方解石中的包裹体以气液包裹体为主。流体包裹体气相成分的CH4、CO、H2的含量反映属氧化环境;液相成分中阴离子以SO42-为主,Cl-次之;阳离子以K＋为主,Na＋次之。Au在成矿流体中以AuSO42-络合物的形式迁移。矿床成矿温度为120℃～220℃,属中低温范畴。w（NaCleq）盐度为2.7%～9.1%,密度为0.875～0.970g/cm3。流体水的δD值为-101‰～-61‰,δ18O（SMOW）为-0.3‰～19.42‰,δ18OH2O为-4.32‰～8.33‰,显示早期成矿流体来源于岩浆水,晚期成矿流体为岩浆水与大气降水的混合;δ13C值趋向热液成因。综合分析认为该矿床为一层控—浅成-超浅成岩浆期后中低温热液交代型金矿床,为多次构造—岩浆作用的产物。     

X荧光与幅频激电法综合勘查川西北某铜矿

为了查清川西某铜矿勘查区内的铜矿资源量,给区内进一步勘查提供线索,同时为山地工程布设提供依据,在矿区开展了X荧光与幅频激电法测量,控制了矿区内矿体的延伸方向、位置与长度。工作结果表明,X荧光与幅频激电法联袂勘查铜矿（化）体具有探测能力强、效率高、易于施工的优点,可以推广到其他铜矿床的定位预测研究中。     

河北承德大庙黑山钒钛磁体矿床地质特征与成因探讨

河北承德大庙黑山铁矿床位于大庙斜长岩体南部边缘,红石砬—大庙深断裂附近北侧。矿区内主要岩类为斜长岩,根据蚀变作用可分为钠黝帘石化斜长岩、绿泥石化斜长岩及混染斜长岩等,前者广泛分布于矿区内,后二者常构成铁矿的直接围岩。黑山铁矿苏长岩体与铁矿体有成因联系,主要受近东西向压扭性断层和龙潭沟—岔沟压扭性断裂带构造控制,分布于黑山斜长岩体内。部分苏长岩体中有分异式浸染矿体,在苏长岩接触带及其围岩中的矿体则为贯入式矿体。苏长岩体根据其特征和共生组合,可划分为两个岩石系列：①苏长岩岩石系列（苏长岩类型岩体、含橄苏长岩苏长岩类型岩体）;②二长岩苏长岩岩石系列（二长岩苏长岩类型岩体、二长岩橄榄苏长岩类型岩体）。矿石结构主要为自形—半自形晶粒状结构、格状熔离结构、海绵陨铁结构。矿石构造有致密块状构造、浸染状构造。矿石金属矿物主要为含钒钛磁铁矿（含量3%～60%）、钛铁矿（含量2%～19%）、含钒磁铁矿（含量7%～27%）,次有少量含钴黄铁矿、黄铜矿。脉石矿物主要为绿泥石（含量7%～33%）,次为斜长石（0%～45%）,及其它少量矿物。黑山的矿源苏长岩和中国及世界同类岩石有显著不同,Si、Al、Fe、Ti、P、Na、K含量高,Ca、Mg含量低,这类岩体为形成铁磷矿床提供了物质来源。本区斜长岩、矿源苏长岩铁矿床和铁磷矿床的氧同位素组成δ18O限于一个很窄的变化范围,反映了它们的物质来源和成因类型的同一性。黑山苏长岩、伟晶苏长岩δ34S 为+1.3‰～+2.1‰,反映苏长岩浆来源于上地幔。黑山铁磷矿体经铁钛氧化物矿物对形成温度计计算得出生成温度为615~975℃,显示该岩浆矿床高温成矿特点。研究认为黑山铁矿主要①、②号铁矿体为岩浆贯入成矿。     

内蒙塔木素砂岩型铀矿中硒矿物的发现与意义

通过电子探针研究,在内蒙巴音戈壁盆地塔木素砂岩型铀矿矿石中发现了硒铅矿、白硒铁矿、硒铜蓝、硒铜镍矿、斜方硒铜矿等5种硒的独立矿物,这些硒的独立矿物往往呈细粒状、蠕虫状分布在黄铁矿与石英、长石的边缘或矿物的裂隙中。硒铅矿、白硒铁矿等硒矿物是典型的中低温热液矿物,这些矿物的发现表明塔木素铀矿床曾经历中低温热液阶段。     

陕西青山金矿床黄铁矿的标型特征研究及矿床成因探讨

陕西青山微细浸染型金矿床中的主要矿石矿物黄铁矿具有标型意义,研究表明,富金矿段的黄铁矿具有颜色暗黄-灰黄、颗粒细小破碎、晶形差,为五角十二面体和复杂聚形、亏硫与铁的特点。矿区矿源层为含炭热水沉积岩层组成的黑色岩系,具有热水沉积成矿预富集-韧脆性构造叠加-大气降水为主的含矿热液改造的类卡林型金矿床的成矿特点,富金细粒黄铁矿是地下热卤水与大气降水热液两种流体混合与沸腾使物理化学条件瞬变的产物。     

REE Characteristics of the Kalatongke Cu-Ni Deposit, Xinjiang, China

On the basis of the study on the REE geochemistry of the ore minerals and host rocks of the Kalatongke Cu-Ni deposit, Xinjiang, it is indicated that the major ore minerals, sulfides, were sourced from the host mafic-ultramafic magma. Characterized by low REE content of sulfide, such a Cu-Ni sulfide deposit occurring in the orogen is obviously different from that on the margin of the craton. Because the mafic-ultramafic rocks from the Cu-Ni sulfide deposit occurring in the orogen is water-rich and the REEs of some sulfides show a particular "multiple-bending" pattern, which suggests coexistence of multiple liquid phases (fluid and melt), the sulfide melt possibly contains a great deal of hydrothermal fluids and increasingly developed gases and liquid-rich ore-forming fluids after the main metallogenic epoch (magmatic segregation stage).     

Structural controls on gold mineralisation and the nature of related fluids of the Paiol gold deposit, Almas Greenstone Belt, Brazil

Chemical analyses suggest that the metavolcanic rocks of the Almas Greenstone Belt (AGB), Tocantins State, Brazil have a continental affinity, possibly related to a continental rift environment. They were metamorphosed to amphibolite facies during a regional tectono-metamorphic event (D_n), retrogressed to greenschist facies assemblages and then hydrothermally altered within dextral strike–slip shear zones (D_n+1). Fracture sets related to D_n+2 intersect S_n+1.The Paiol Gold Mine is one of several mineralised zones within metabasic and meta-intermediate rocks of the AGB. It exploits shoots of sulphide–Au–quartz mineralisation that occupy dilational zones approximately perpendicular to an elongation lineation (L_n+1) within mylonitic foliation S_n+1 (S_n+1=S within the S–C fabric). The dilational zones probably formed due to dextral displacement on sinistrally en echelon C surfaces. Minor amounts of gold may have been introduced or remobilised during D_n+2.Coexisting primary and pseudosecondary fluid inclusions in mineralised quartz veins from ore shoots comprise a high-salinity three-phase type (Type II) and a lower salinity two-phase type (Type I). Homogenisation temperatures for Type II inclusions range from 200 to 410 °C and Type I from 90 to 320 °C. The inclusions and their temperature ranges are believed to reflect heat exchange and some mixing between the two fluid types under relatively constant ambient temperatures, but variable (though broadly declining) fluid temperatures. This took place late in D_n+1 in conjunction with greenschist facies retrogression and localised hydrothermally induced metasomatism.     

Paleogene magmatism and gold metallogeny of the Jinping terrane in the Ailaoshan ore belt,Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen (SW China): Geology,deposit type and tectonic setting

The Jinping terrane is situated in the southern segment of the Ailaoshan ore belt, Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen (SW China). The Paleogene intrusions in Jinping consist of syenite porphyry, fine-grained syenite and biotite granite stocks/dikes, and contain relatively low TiO₂ (0.21–0.38 wt%), P₂O₅ (0.01–0.35 wt%), and high Na₂O (2.00–4.62 wt%) and K₂O (4.48–7.06 wt%), belonging to high-K alkaline series. Paleogene gold mineralization in Jinping comprises four genetic types, i.e., orogenic, alkali-rich intrusion-related, porphyry and supergene laterite. The NW–NNW-trending faults and their subsidiaries are the major ore-controlling structures. The orogenic Au mineralization, dominated by polymetallic sulfide-quartz veins, occurs in the diorite and minor in Silurian-Devonian sedimentary rocks. It contains a CO₂-rich mesothermal fluid system generated from the mixing of mantle-derived fluids with crustal-derived metamorphic fluids, and the ore-forming materials were upper crustal- or orogenic-derived. The alkali-rich intrusion-related Au mineralization is hosted in the Ordovician-Silurian sedimentary rocks and minor in the Paleogene alkaline intrusions, and the Au orebodies occur predominantly in the alteration halos. It contains a CO₂-bearing, largely metamorphic-sourced mesothermal fluid system, and the ore-forming materials were derived from the ore-hosting rocks and minor from the alkali-rich intrusions. The porphyry Cu-Mo-Au mineralization occurs in the granite/syenite porphyries and/or along their contact skarn, with the mineralizing fluids being magmatic-hydrothermal in origin. The former two hypogene Au mineralization types in Jinping were mainly formed in the late Eocene (ca. 34–33 Ma) and slightly after the porphyry Cu-Mo-Au mineralization (ca. 35–34 Ma), which is coeval with the regional Himalayan orogenic event. Subsequent weathering produced the laterite Au mineralization above or near the hypogene Au orebodies.